Maven：基本命令 / Demo

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一、Maven基本命令

mvn clean compile【maven 进行编译】< -- mvn clean test【maven 执行测试】 <-- mvn clean package【maven 执行打包】  <-- mvn clean install【maven 执行安装】

二、Maven-Dome : HelloWorld 项目

1. 项目目录结构

2. 编写pom.xml文件

<project xmlns=" http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi=" http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
  xsi:schemaLocation=" http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0  http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  
  <groupId>com.juvenxu.mvnbook</groupId>
  <artifactId>HelloWorld</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <!-- 项目名称/说明：非必须的 -->
  <name>Maven Hello World Project</name>
  <!-- 打包类型：war、jar[默认] 
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  -->
  
  <dependencies>
    <!-- 引入junit测试jar包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.7</version>
      <!-- 依赖范围：test-测试范围、compile-主代码[默认] -->
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <!-- 插件：生成可执行jar包 -->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.1</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>shade</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
              <transformers>
                <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                  <!-- 配置：main方法路径 -->
                  <mainClass>com.juvenxu.mvnbook.helloworld.HelloWorld</mainClass>
                </transformer>
              </transformers>
            </configuration>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

3. 编写主代码

package com.juvenxu.mvnbook.helloworld;

public class HelloWorld {

 

  public String sayHello(){

    return "Hello Maven!";

  }

 

  public static void main(String[] args){

    System.out.println(new HelloWorld().sayHello());

  }

 

}

4. 编写测试代码

package com.juvenxu.mvnbook.helloworld;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

import org.junit.Test;

public class HelloWorldTest {

 

  @Test

  public void testSayHello(){

    HelloWorld helloWorld = new HelloWorld();

    String result = helloWorld.sayHello();

    assertEquals("Hello Maven!", result);

  }

 

}

5. 执行命令-测试【java -jar】

 

二、使用Archetype生成项目骨架 【命令】【mvn archetype:generate】

...

[INFO] Generating project in Interactive mode (这里会卡一会儿，因为要联网获取项目模板)
[INFO] No archetype defined. Using maven-archetype-quickstart (org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-quickstart:1.0)
Choose archetype:
1: remote -> br.com.ingenieux:elasticbeanstalk-service-webapp-archetype (A Maven Archetype Encompassing RestAssured, Jetty, Jackson, Guice and Jersey for Publishing JAX-RS-based Services on AWS' Elastic Beanstalk Service)
... (这里会自动列出很多项目模板，每种模板前面会有一个数字序号)

336: remote -> org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-quickstart (An archetype which contains a sample Maven project.)

...

Choose a number or apply filter (format: [groupId:]artifactId, case sensitive contains): 336: (这里根据每个人机器上安装的eclipse插件不同，可能默认的数字不是这个，先不管，直接回车)

Choose org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-quickstart version: 
1: 1.0-alpha-1
2: 1.0-alpha-2
3: 1.0-alpha-3
4: 1.0-alpha-4
5: 1.0
6: 1.1
Choose a number: 6: (直接回车)
Define value for property 'groupId': : cnblogs （可暂时先理解成类似package或namespace的名称，通常我们填写组织机构名称缩写）
Define value for property 'artifactId': : maven-hello-world （组件名称，可暂时理解成项目名称）
Define value for property 'version':  1.0-SNAPSHOT: : （版本号，直接回车，默认1.0-SNAPSHOT）
Define value for property 'package':  cnblogs: : （打包后的jar文件名，相当于.net中项目最后生成的程序集dll名称）
Confirm properties configuration:
groupId: cnblogs
artifactId: maven-hello-world
version: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
package: cnblogs
 Y: :  (直接回车确认)
[INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Using following parameters for creating project from Old (1.x) Archetype: maven-archetype-quickstart:1.1
[INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: cnblogs
[INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: cnblogs
[INFO] Parameter: package, Value: cnblogs
[INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: maven-hello-world
...
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS (看到这个，表示项目创建成功！)
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
...