C语言课程设计——链表

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//每个节点的前n-1个数据在数据域,最后一个数据在地址域
//每个链表必须有头指针,为指向结构体类型的指针

//数组与链表存储数据的区别:
//1、数组中的元素占用连续存储存储空间,链表不一定占用连续
//2、数组中数据元素访问随机,链表访问是顺序
//3、链表中插入和删除元素比数组操作效率高

// 建立链表:1、头插法(查到最前) 2、尾插法(插到最后)
//尾插法:
//1、malloc建立节点,让new指向它
//2、判断链表是否为空,如果为空,new指向它,否则找到最后
//3、加入节点

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct student{
	char name[16];
	int score;
	struct student *next;
}; 

struct student *head=NULL, *p, *t;

struct student* link_to_tail(int n)
{
	head=NULL;
	for (int i=1; i<=n; i++){
		p=(struct student*)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
		if (p==NULL)	return NULL;
		
		scanf("%s", p->name);
		scanf("%d", &p->score);
		p->next=NULL;
		
		if (head==NULL){
			head=p;
		}else{
			/*t=head;
			while (t->next!=NULL){
				t=t->next;
			}
			
			*/
			t->next=p;
		}
		t=p;
	}
	return head;
}

struct student* link_to_head(int n)
{
	head=NULL;
	for (int i=1; i<=n; i++){
		p=(struct student*)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
		if (p==NULL)	return NULL;
		 
		scanf("%s", p->name);
		scanf("%d", &p->score);
		p->next=head;
		head=p;
	}
	return head;
}

void print()
{
	if (head==NULL){
		printf("empty list\n");
		return;
	}else{
		t=head;
		while (t!=NULL){
			printf("%s      %d\n", t->name, t->score);
			t=t->next;		
		}
	}
}

int get_len()
{
	int len=1;
	t=head;
	while (t->next!=NULL){
		len++;
		t=t->next;
	}
	return len;
}

//i表示节点插入的位置(从1开始),考虑i不同值胡情况 
//插入节点前,先调用求链表长度的函数,得到链表长度为n 
struct student* insert_to_i(int i)
{
	p=(struct student*)malloc(sizeof(struct student)) ;
	if (p==NULL)
		return NULL;
		
	scanf("%s", p->name);
	scanf("%d", &p->score);
	p->next=NULL;
	
	int len=get_len();
	if (i<1 || i>len)	return NULL;
	else if (i==1){
		p->next=head;
		head=p;
	} 
	else if (i<=len){
		t=head;
		for (int k=1; k<i-1; k++)
			t=t->next;
		p->next=t->next;
		t->next=p;
	}
	return head;
}

//删除函数 
//i表示节点删除的位置,考虑i的不同情况 
struct student* delete_from_i(int i) 
{
	int len=get_len();
	if (i<1 || i>len)	return NULL;
	else if (i==1){
		head=head->next; 
	}else if (i<=len){
		t=head;
		for (int k=1; k<i-1; k++)
			t=t->next;
		t->next=t->next->next;
	}
	return head;
}
/*
struct student* listdelete(struct student* head, int i)
{
	int j=1;
	struct student *q, *p=head;
	while (p!=NULL && j<i){
		j++;
		p=p->next;
	}
	if (p==NULL || j>i){
		printf("error");
		exit(0);
	}
	if (p==head){
		head=head->next;
		free(p);
	}else{
		q=p->next;
		p->next=q->next;
		free(q);
	}
	return head;
}
*/
int find(struct student* head, int x)
{
	int index=1;
	struct student* t=head;
	while (t!=NULL){
		if (t->score==x){
			return index;
		}
		index++;
		t=t->next;
	}
	return -1;
} 
int main()
{
	head=link_to_tail(5);
	print();
	int index;
	scanf("%d", &index);
	int ans=find(head, index);
	if (ans!=-1)
		printf("%d\n", ans);
	else
		printf("not found\n");
/*
	head=insert_to_i(1);
	print();
	printf("%d\n", get_len());
	
	head=insert_to_i(2);
	print();
	printf("%d\n", get_len());
	
	int n;
	scanf("%d", &n); 
	head=delete_from_i(n);
	print();
	printf("%d\n", get_len()); 
	
	scanf("%d", &n);
	head=delete_from_i(n);
	print();
	printf("%d\n", get_len()); 
*/
	return 0;
} 

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转载自blog.csdn.net/weixin_42172261/article/details/88740928