Oracle Date 类型的entity绑定

关于Oracle的date类型，使用hibernate，经常会出现不走索引的情况，根本原因就是Oracle是Timestamp类型的

类似下面的代码：

// execute_at is of type DATE and there's an index
PreparedStatement stmt = connection.prepareStatement(
    "SELECT * " + 
    "FROM rentals " +
    "WHERE rental_date > ? AND rental_date < ?");

 使用java.sql.timestamp绑定：

stmt.setTimestamp(1, start);
stmt.setTimestamp(2, end);

 产生下面的查询计划：

-------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation          | Name   |
-------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT   |        |
|*  1 |  FILTER            |        |
|*  2 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| RENTAL |
-------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

   1 - filter(:1<=:2)
   2 - filter((INTERNAL_FUNCTION("RENTAL_DATE")>=:1 AND 
              INTERNAL_FUNCTION("RENTAL_DATE")<=:2))

 通过INTERNAL_FUNCTION方法来处理Oracel Date和Oracle Timestamp的转换

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可以使用hibernate 的userType来解决这个问题

定义一个OracleDate的转换：

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
import java.sql.Types;
import java.util.Objects;

import oracle.sql.DATE;

import org.hibernate.engine.spi.SessionImplementor;
import org.hibernate.usertype.UserType;

public class OracleDate implements UserType {

    @Override
    public int[] sqlTypes() {
        return new int[] { Types.TIMESTAMP };
    }

    @Override
    public Class<?> returnedClass() {
        return Timestamp.class;
    }

    @Override
    public Object nullSafeGet(
        ResultSet rs, 
        String[] names, 
        SessionImplementor session, 
        Object owner
    )
    throws SQLException {
        return rs.getTimestamp(names[0]);
    }

    @Override
    public void nullSafeSet(
        PreparedStatement st, 
        Object value, 
        int index, 
        SessionImplementor session
    )
    throws SQLException {
        // The magic is here: oracle.sql.DATE!
        st.setObject(index, new DATE(value));
    }

    // The other method implementations are omitted
}

 entity中使用：

@Entity
@TypeDefs(
    value = @TypeDef(
        name = "oracle_date", 
        typeClass = OracleDate.class
    )
)
public class Rental {

    @Id
    @Column(name = "rental_id")
    public Long rentalId;

    @Column(name = "rental_date")
    @Type(type = "oracle_date")
    public Timestamp rentalDate;
}

 现在的执行计划会变成：

------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                    | Name          |
------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT             |               |
|*  1 |  FILTER                      |               |
|   2 |   TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| RENTAL        |
|*  3 |    INDEX RANGE SCAN          | IDX_RENTAL_UQ |
------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

   1 - filter(:1<=:2)
   3 - access("RENTAL0_"."RENTAL_DATE">=:1 
          AND "RENTAL0_"."RENTAL_DATE"<=:2)

 对于JPA目前没有很好的办法（JPA2.1举例）

JPA中能够使用convertor来处理类型的转换：

import java.sql.Timestamp;

import javax.persistence.AttributeConverter;
import javax.persistence.Converter;

import oracle.sql.DATE;

@Converter
public class OracleDateConverter 
implements AttributeConverter<Timestamp, DATE>{

    @Override
    public DATE convertToDatabaseColumn(Timestamp attribute) {
        return attribute == null ? null : new DATE(attribute);
    }

    @Override
    public Timestamp convertToEntityAttribute(DATE dbData) {
        return dbData == null ? null : dbData.timestampValue();
    }
}

 使用：

import java.sql.Timestamp;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Convert;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class Rental {

    @Id
    @Column(name = "rental_id")
    public Long rentalId;

    @Column(name = "rental_date")
    @Convert(converter = OracleDateConverter.class)
    public Timestamp rentalDate;
}

 但是在hibernate4.3.7中，会认为视图使用类型VARBINARY来绑定变量

源码：

// From org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.SqlTypeDescriptorRegistry

    public <X> ValueBinder<X> getBinder(JavaTypeDescriptor<X> javaTypeDescriptor) {
        if ( Serializable.class.isAssignableFrom( javaTypeDescriptor.getJavaTypeClass() ) ) {
            return VarbinaryTypeDescriptor.INSTANCE.getBinder( javaTypeDescriptor );
        }

        return new BasicBinder<X>( javaTypeDescriptor, this ) {
            @Override
            protected void doBind(PreparedStatement st, X value, int index, WrapperOptions options)
                    throws SQLException {
                st.setObject( index, value, jdbcTypeCode );
            }
        };
    }

 这个问题在这里有描述：https://hibernate.atlassian.net/browse/HHH-9553

文章翻译源：http://www.javacodegeeks.com/2015/01/leaky-abstractions-or-how-to-bind-oracle-date-correctly-with-hibernate.html