Cobbler自动化工具实践

1.Cobbler Install

安装前准备

关闭SELinux

cat /etc/redhat-release
setenforce 0 
getenforce  //得到的结果需要是：Permissive

如果不是，执行两步：

sed -i "s#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g" /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0
reboot

关闭防火墙：

systemctl stop firewalld

开机不启用防火墙：

systemctl disable firewalld

安装wget

yum -y install wget

添加一个epel源：

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
yum -y install cobbler cobbler-web pykickstart httpd dhcp tftp xinetd

启动：

systemctl start httpd
systemctl start cobblerd

设置cobbler和httpd为开机自启动：

systemctl enable httpd
systemctl enable cobblerd

查看cobblerd的启动状态：

netstat -lntup //查看已经启动的端口

检查：

cobbler check

对报错进行修复：

vim /etc/cobbler/settings

修改【384行 server: 127.0.0.1为384 server: 本机的ip地址】【272行 next_server: 127.0.0.1为272 next_server: 本机的ip地址】

对应的修改命令为：

sed -i "s#server: 127.0.0.1#server: `ip addr|grep inet|grep brd|awk '{ print $2 }'|awk -F/ '{ print $1 }'`#g" /etc/cobbler/settings

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2.编辑/etc/xinetd.d/tftp

vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

修改“ disable = yes"为" disable = no" 用sed工具修改：

sed -i '14s/^.*$/ disable = no/' /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

3.执行一条命令：

cobbler get-loaders

4.启动rsyncd服务并添加为开机启动项：

systemctl start rsyncd.service

systemctl enable rsyncd.service

查看启动状态：

systemctl status rsyncd.service

systemctl restart xinetd

systemctl enable xinetd

5.设置密码：

openssl passwd -1 -salt 'cobbler' 'cobbler'

执行结果：$1$cobbler$M6SE55xZodWc9.vAKLJs6.

复制此结果到：

/etc/cobbler/settings

中

vim /etc/cobbler/settings：

101行替换

default_password_crypted: "$1$mF86/UHC$WvcIcX2t6crBz2onWxyac."

为

default_password_crypted: "$1$cobbler$M6SE55xZodWc9.vAKLJs6."

sed实现：

sed -i 's#default_password_crypted: "$1$mF86/UHC$WvcIcX2t6crBz2onWxyac."#default_password_crypted: "$1$cobbler$M6SE55xZodWc9.vAKLJs6."#g' /etc/cobbler/settings

安装其它两个模块：

yum -y install fence-agents debmirror

6.重启cobbler服务：

systemctl restart cobblerd

7.用cobbler sync同步一下

cobbler sync

再次执行：

cobbler check

vim /etc/debmirror.conf

修改@dists="sid";为#@dists="sid"; //*其实就是注释掉这一行

修改@arches="i386";为#@arches="i386";//*其实就是注释掉这一行

sed -i 's/@dists=\"sid\";/#@dists=\"sid\";/g' /etc/debmirror.conf

sed -i 's/@arches=\"i386\";/#@arches=\"i386\";/g' /etc/debmirror.conf

reboot

systemctl restart cobblerd

systemctl restart httpd

cobbler check

管理dhcp服务：

vim /etc/cobbler/settings

修改：242 manage_dhcp: 0为242manage_dhcp: 1

sed -i 's#manage_dhcp: 0#manage_dhcp: 1#g' /etc/cobbler/settings

cobbler自带dhcp配置文件：

/etc/cobbler/modules.conf

查看dhcp的模板文件：

vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template

修改部分：

subnet 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

option routers 192.168.2.1;

option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;

option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;

range dynamic-bootp 192.168.2.100 192.168.2.254;

default-lease-time 21600;

max-lease-time 43200;

next-server $next_server;

systemctl restart cobblerd

cobbler sync

到此为止：cobbler装完了也配置好了；

distro发行版：centos6/7

1.挂载CentOS7系统ISO光盘

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/

2.import导入系统镜像

cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=CentOS-7-x86-64 --arch=x86_64

--path 镜像路径

--name 安装源定义名称

--arch 制动操作系统平台是32/64位

镜像存放目录，cobbler会将所有的安装文件拷贝到本地一份，放在/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirrors

cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-7-64-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0'

vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7-x86-64.cfg

lang en_US

keyboard us

timezone Asia/Shanghai

rootpw --iscrypted $default_password_crypted

text

install

url --url=$tree

bootloader --location=mbr

zerombr

clearpart --all --initlabel

part /boot --fstype xfs --size 1024 --ondisk sda

part swap --size 16384 --ondisk sda

part / --fstype xfs --size 1 --grow --ondisk sda

auth --useshadow --enablemd5

$SNIPPET('network_config')

reboot

firewall --disabled

selinux --disabled

skipx

%pre

$SNIPPET('log_ks_pre')

$SNIPPET('kickstart_start')

$SNIPPET('pre_install_network_config')

$SNIPPET('pre_anamon')

%end

%packages

@base

@core

sysstat

iptraf

ntp

lrzsz

ncurses-devel

openssl-devel

zlib-devel

OpenIPMI-tools

tree

nmap

screen

%end

%post

systemctl disable postfix.service

%end

cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-7-64-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7-x86-64.cfg

cobbler profile report

挂上配置文件

cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-7-64-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7-x86-64.cfg

再挂载一块Centos6的ISO映像文件

先解除CentOS7的挂载：

umount /dev/cdrom

挂载Centos6镜像文件

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/

import导入系统镜像

cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=CentOS-6-x86_64 --arch=x86_64

vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos6-x86_64.cfg

auth --useshadow --enablemd5

bootloader --location=mbr

clearpart --all --initlabel

part /boot --fstype ext4 --size 1024 --ondisk sda

part swap --size 1 --grow --ondisk sda

part / --fstype ext4 --size 1 --grow --ondisk sda

text

firewall --disable

firstboot --disable

keyboard us

lang en_US

url --url=$tree

$yum_repo_stanza

$SNIPPET('network_config')

reboot

rootpw --iscrypted $default_password_crypted

selinux --disabled

skipx

timezone Asia/Shanghai

install

zerombr

%packages

@base

@compat-libraries

@debugging

@development

tree

nmap

sysstat

lrzsz

dos2unix

telnet

%pre

$SNIPPET('log_ks_pre')

$SNIPPET('kickstart_start')

$SNIPPET('pre_install_network_config')

$SNIPPET('pre_anamon')

%post

%end

先查看：

cobbler profile list

CentOS-6-64-x86_64

CentOS-7-64-x86_64

所以下面的--name=后面应该写入CentOS-6-64-x86_64

cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-6-64-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos6-x86_64.cfg

systemctl restart dhcpd

systemctl enable dhcpd

添加epel源：

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo

yum makecache

Cobbler自定义重装

yum -y install koan

指定重装的系统[先在cobbler服务端用Cobbler profile list查看一下]

koan --server=192.168.2.13 --profile=CentOS-7-64-x86_64 --display

koan --server=192.168.2.13 --profile=CentOS-7-64-x86_64 --r //koan写入，只有写入后重启才会生效

Cobbler自定义仓库：

1.添加repo：

cobbler repo add --name=zabbix3.4 --mirror= https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/3.4/rhel/7/x86_64/ --arch=x86_64 --breed=yum

cobbler repo add --name=openstack-n-centos7 --mirror= https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.5.1804/cloud/x86_64/openstack-ocata/ --arch=x86_64 --breed=yum

2.同步repo：

cobbler reposync

~[删除repo源]

cobbler repo remove --name=zabbix3.4

cobbler repo list

~[更改repo名称]

cobbler repo rename --name=openstack-n --newname=openstack-n-centos7

3.添加repo到对应的profile：

cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-7-64-x86_64 --repos=openstack-n-centos7

查看是否添加成功：

cobbler profile report --name=CentOS-7-64-x86_64

修改配置文件内容：

vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7-x86-64.cfg

在systemctl disable postfix.service和%end中间添加一条：

$yum_config_stanza

添加定时任务，定期同步repo：

echo "00 3 * * * /usr/bin/cobbler reposync --tries=3 --no-fail" >> /var/spool/cron/root

或者

echo "00 3 * * * /usr/bin/cobbler reposync --tries=3 --no-fail >> /soft/scripts/log/cobbler_rsync.log">> /var/spool/cron/root

替换系统选择界面：

vim /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxedefault.template

修改第三行：

MENU TITLE Cobbler | http://cobbler.github.io/i[修改为你自己想要的内容]

同步一下：

cobbler sync

Cobbler自定义安装：

唯一身份标识符：身份证

服务器标识符：MAC地址

MAC地址标识符-->固定IP地址掩码网关 dns 主机名

查看系统里面的profile：

[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile list

CentOS-6-64-x86_64

CentOS-7-64-x86_64

自定义安装命令：

cobbler system add --name= linux-node2.com --mac=00:0C:29:56:97:81 --profile=CentOS-7-64-x86_64 --ip-address=192.168.2.110 --subnet=255.255.255.0 --gateway=192.168.2.1 --interface=eth0 --static=1 --hostname= linux-node2.com --name-servers="8.8.8.8"

同步：

cobbler sync

查看创建情况：

cobbler system report

Cobbler自动化工具实践

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