Python全站之路----常用模块----configparser模块

config:配置    parser:解析

此模块用于生成和修改常见配置文档,当前模块的名称在 python 3.x 版本中变更为 configparser,在 python 2.x 里名字为 ConfigParer

来看一个好多软件的常见配置文件格式如下

```cnf
[DEFAULT]
ServerAliveInterval = 45   
Compression = yes
CompressionLevel = 9
ForwardX11 = yes

[bitbucket.org]
User = hg

[topsecret.server.com]
Port = 50022
ForwardX11 = no
```

解析

```py
>>> import configparser # 导入模块
>>> config = configparser.ConfigParser()  #实例化(生成对象)
>>> config.sections()  #调用sections方法
[]
>>> config.read('example.ini')  # 读配置文件(注意文件路径)
['example.ini']
>>> config.sections() #调用sections方法(默认不会读取default)
['bitbucket.org', 'topsecret.server.com']
>>> 'bitbucket.org' in config #判断元素是否在sections列表内
True
>>> 'bytebong.com' in config
False
>>> config['bitbucket.org']['User'] # 通过字典的形式取值
'hg'
>>> config['DEFAULT']['Compression']
'yes'
>>> topsecret = config['topsecret.server.com']
>>> topsecret['ForwardX11']
'no'
>>> topsecret['Port']
'50022'
>>> for key in config['bitbucket.org']: print(key) # for循环 bitbucket.org 字典的key
...
user
compressionlevel
serveraliveinterval
compression
forwardx11
>>> config['bitbucket.org']['ForwardX11']
'yes'
```

其他增删改查语法

import configparser

config = configparser.ConfigParser()
config.read('conf_test.ini')

########## 读 ##########
secs = config.sections() #获取结点的值
print(secs)
options = config.options('group2') # 获取指定section的keys
print(options)

item_list = config.items('group2') # 以元组的形式获取指定 section 的 keys & values ,key value
print(item_list)

val = config.get('group1','key') # 获取指定的key 的value
val = config.getint('group1','key')

########## 改写 ##########
sec = config.remove_section('group1') # 删除section 并返回状态(true, false)
config.write(open('conf_test.ini', "w")) # 每个对应的修改操作都要写入文件才会生效

sec = config.has_section('wupeiqi') #section 中是否存在 wupeiqi
sec = config.add_section('wupeiqi') #添加section
config.write(open('conf_test.ini', "w"))

config.set('group2','k1','11111') #向section中添加key及其对应value,其中key和value都必须是str
config.write(open('conf_test.ini', "w"))

config.remove_option('group2','age')  #删除指定section中的指定key及其对应value值
config.write(open('conf_test.ini', "w"))

猜你喜欢

转载自www.cnblogs.com/Moxiaoyu666/p/10543267.html