man-study-01 用maven管理创建-管理-编译-生成项目-实例01

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配置文件，即pom
源文件，即包和类所在的位置
测试文件，即Junit实现的单元测试
当用maven来创建maven project时，该工具会自动搭建这样的开发环境。
1 pom.xml文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.fhzheng.demo</groupId>
  <artifactId>MvnBookTP02</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <name>MvnBookTP02</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.7</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
      <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-surefire-plugin -->
	    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
	    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
	    <version>3.0.0-M2</version>
        <configuration>
          <!-- 设置包含的测试类 -->
          <includes>
            <include>******</include>
          </includes>
          <!-- 设置不进行测试类 -->
          <excludes>
            <exclude>Test *</exclude>
          </excludes>
          <!-- 跳过测试阶段，测试类写得有问题也会出错，一般不推荐 -->
          <!-- <skip>true</skip> -->
        </configuration>     
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
	    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-javadoc-plugin -->
	    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
	    <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
	    <version>3.0.1</version>
      </plugin>      
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

2 HelloWorld.java

package com.fhzheng.demo.MvnBookTP02;

/**
 * 这是为了研究Maven，写的第一个java代码
 * 功能很简单，输出一个HelloWorld的问候
 * 
 * @author fhzheng
 * @version 1.0
 * */
public class HelloWorld {
	/**
	 * 输出问候
	 * @param name String，说话人名称
	 * @return String 格式是：xxx say HelloWorld
	 * */
    public String say(String name){
    	return name + " say HelloWorld";
    }
}

3 TestHelloWorld.java

package com.fhzheng.demo.MvnBookTP02;

import junit.framework.Assert;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

public class TestHelloWorld {
	private HelloWorld hello;
	@Before
	public void init(){
		hello = new HelloWorld();
	}
	@Test
    public void testSay(){
    	String name = "张三";
    	String exp = "张三"+" say HelloWorld";
    	String act = hello.say(name);
    	Assert.assertEquals(exp, act);
    }
	@After
    public void destory(){
    	hello = null;
    }
}

然后，就可以直接在test文件中，跑单元测试了