JAVA实现 mongoDB 的增删改查等基本操作

参考全教程: http://www.runoob.com/mongodb/mongodb-tutorial.html

创建maven工程并引入依赖

 <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
        <artifactId>mongo-java-driver</artifactId>
        <version>3.4.3</version>
 </dependency>

增加

使用insertOne方法来插入文档。

package cn.mongodb.demo;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.bson.Document;

import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;

public class TestAdd {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取连接
        MongoClient client=new MongoClient();
        //得到数据库
        MongoDatabase database = client.getDatabase("mongodb");
        //得到集合封装对象
        MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("student");
        Map<String, Object> map=new HashMap();
        map.put("name", "诸葛亮");
        map.put("sex", "男");
        map.put("age", 35.0);
        map.put("address", "南阳");       
        Document doc=new Document(map);     
        collection.insertOne(doc);//插入一条记录
        //collection.insertMany(documents);//一次性插入多条文档
    }
}

删除

package cn.mongodb.demo;

import org.bson.Document;

import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;

public class TestDelete {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        //获取连接
        MongoClient client=new MongoClient();
        //得到数据库
        MongoDatabase database = client.getDatabase(mongodb);
        //得到集合封装对象
        MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("student");
        
        BasicDBObject bson=new BasicDBObject("name", "诸葛亮");
                
        collection.deleteOne(bson);//删除记录(符合条件的第一条记录)
        //collection.deleteMany(bson);//删除符合条件的全部记录
    }
}

修改

package cn.mongodb.demo;

import org.bson.Document;

import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;

public class TestUpdate {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        //获取连接
        MongoClient client=new MongoClient();
        //得到数据库
        MongoDatabase database = client.getDatabase("mongodb");
        //得到集合封装对象
        MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("student");
        
        //修改的条件
        BasicDBObject bson= new BasicDBObject("name", "诸葛亮");
        //修改后的值
        BasicDBObject bson2 = new BasicDBObject("$set",  new BasicDBObject("address", "新野"));
        //参数1:修改条件  参数2:修改后的值
        collection.updateOne(bson, bson2);
        //collection.updateMany(filter, update);//修改符合条件的所有记录
    }
}

查询全部记录

MongoDB的数字类型默认使用64位浮点型数值。{“x”:3.14}或{“x”:3}。对于整型值,可以使用NumberInt(4字节符号整数),{“x”:NumberInt(“3”)} 或NumberLong(8字节符号整数){“x”:NumberLong(“3”)}

package cn.mongodb.demo;

import org.bson.Document;

import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.FindIterable;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;

public class TestFindAll {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取连接
        MongoClient client=new MongoClient();
        //得到数据库
        MongoDatabase database = client.getDatabase("mongodb");
        //得到集合封装对象
        MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("student");
        //得到查询结果
        FindIterable<Document> find = collection.find();
        //遍历查询结果
        for(Document doc:find ){
            System.out.println("name:"+ doc.getString("name") );
            System.out.println("sex:"+doc.getString("sex"));
            System.out.println("age:"+doc.getDouble("age"));
            System.out.println("address:"+doc.getString("address"));
        }   
    }
}

匹配查询

MongoDB使用BasicDBObject类型封装查询条件,构造方法的参数为key 和value。

package cn.mongodb.demo;

import org.bson.Document;
import org.bson.conversions.Bson;

import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.FindIterable;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;

public class TestFindEq {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取连接
        MongoClient client=new MongoClient();
        //得到数据库
        MongoDatabase database = client.getDatabase("mongodb");
        //得到集合封装对象
        MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("student");
        
        //构建查询条件
        BasicDBObject bson=new BasicDBObject("name", "诸葛亮");
        
        //得到查询结果
        FindIterable<Document> find = collection.find(bson);
        //遍历查询结果
        for(Document doc:find ){
            System.out.println("name:"+ doc.getString("name") );
            System.out.println("sex:"+doc.getString("sex"));
            System.out.println("age:"+doc.getDouble("age"));
            System.out.println("address:"+doc.getString("address"));
        }
    }
}

模糊查询

构建模糊查询条件是通过正则表达式的方式来实现的

  • (1)完全匹配Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("^name$");
  • (2)右匹配Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("^.*name$");
  • (3)左匹配Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("^name.*$");
  • (4)模糊匹配Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("^.name.$");
package cn.mongodb.demo;

import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import org.bson.Document;

import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.FindIterable;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;

public class TestFindLike {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取连接
        MongoClient client=new MongoClient();
        //得到数据库
        MongoDatabase database = client.getDatabase("mongodb");
        //得到集合封装对象
        MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("student");
        //模糊查询
        Pattern queryPattern=Pattern.compile("^.*南.*$");
        //构建查询条件
        BasicDBObject bson=new BasicDBObject("address",queryPattern);
        
        //得到查询结果
        FindIterable<Document> find = collection.find(bson);
        //遍历查询结果
        for(Document doc:find ){
            System.out.println("name:"+ doc.getString("name") );
            System.out.println("sex:"+doc.getString("sex"));
            System.out.println("age:"+doc.getDouble("age"));
            System.out.println("address:"+doc.getString("address"));
        }
    }
}

条件查询:大于小于

在MongoDB提示符下条件json字符串为{ age: { $lt :20 } } ,对应的java代码也是BasicDBObject 的嵌套。
示例:查询student集合中age小于20的文档记录

package cn.mongodb.demo;

import org.bson.Document;

import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.FindIterable;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;

public class TestFindLt {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取连接
        MongoClient client=new MongoClient();
        //得到数据库
        MongoDatabase database = client.getDatabase("mongodb");
        //得到集合封装对象
        MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("student");
        
        //构建查询条件
        BasicDBObject bson=new BasicDBObject("age", new BasicDBObject("$lt", 20));
        
        //得到查询结果
        FindIterable<Document> find = collection.find(bson);
        //遍历查询结果
        for(Document doc:find ){
            System.out.println("name:"+ doc.getString("name") );
            System.out.println("sex:"+doc.getString("sex"));
            System.out.println("age:"+doc.getDouble("age"));
            System.out.println("address:"+doc.getString("address"));
        }
    }
}

条件连接--并且

$and 表示并且

package cn.mongodb.demo;

import java.util.Arrays;

import org.bson.Document;

import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.FindIterable;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;

public class TestFindAnd {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取连接
        MongoClient client=new MongoClient();
        //得到数据库
        MongoDatabase database = client.getDatabase("mongodb");
        //得到集合封装对象
        MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("student");
        
        BasicDBObject bson1=new BasicDBObject("age", new BasicDBObject("$gte",20));
        BasicDBObject bson2=new BasicDBObject("age", new BasicDBObject("$lt",30));
        //构建查询条件
        BasicDBObject bson=new BasicDBObject("$and", Arrays.asList( bson1, bson2 )  );
        
        //得到查询结果
        FindIterable<Document> find = collection.find(bson);
        //遍历查询结果
        for(Document doc:find ){
            System.out.println("name:"+ doc.getString("name") );
            System.out.println("sex:"+doc.getString("sex"));
            System.out.println("age:"+doc.getDouble("age"));
            System.out.println("address:"+doc.getString("address"));
        }
    }
}

条件连接--或者

$or表示或者

package cn.mongodb.demo;

import java.util.Arrays;

import org.bson.Document;

import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.FindIterable;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;

public class TestFindOr {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取连接
        MongoClient client=new MongoClient();
        //得到数据库
        MongoDatabase database = client.getDatabase("mongodb");
        //得到集合封装对象
        MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("student");
        
        BasicDBObject bson1=new BasicDBObject("age", new BasicDBObject("$lte",20));     
        BasicDBObject bson2=new BasicDBObject("sex", "女");
        //构建查询条件
        BasicDBObject bson=new BasicDBObject("$or", Arrays.asList( bson1, bson2 )  );
        
        //得到查询结果
        FindIterable<Document> find = collection.find(bson);
        //遍历查询结果
        for(Document doc:find ){
            System.out.println("name:"+ doc.getString("name") );
            System.out.println("sex:"+doc.getString("sex"));
            System.out.println("age:"+doc.getDouble("age"));
            System.out.println("address:"+doc.getString("address"));
        }
    }
}

MongoDB连接池

MongoClient 被设计为线程安全的类,也就是我们在使用该类时不需要考虑并发的情况,这样我们可以考虑把MongoClient 做成一个静态变量,为所有线程公用,不必每次都销毁。这样可以极大提高执行效率。实际上,这是MongoDB提供的内置的连接池来实现的。

MongoDB写入策略。
WriteConcern.NONE:没有异常抛出
WriteConcern.NORMAL:仅抛出网络错误异常,没有服务器错误异常
WriteConcern.SAFE:抛出网络错误异常、服务器错误异常;并等待服务器完成写操作。
WriteConcern.MAJORITY: 抛出网络错误异常、服务器错误异常;并等待一个主服务器完成写操作。
WriteConcern.FSYNC_SAFE: 抛出网络错误异常、服务器错误异常;写操作等待服务器将数据刷新到磁盘。
WriteConcern.JOURNAL_SAFE:抛出网络错误异常、服务器错误异常;写操作等待服务器提交到磁盘的日志文件。
WriteConcern.REPLICAS_SAFE:抛出网络错误异常、服务器错误异常;等待至少2台服务器完成写操作。

首先我们先创建一个“管理类”,相当于我们原来的BaseDao

package cn.mongodb.demo;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoClientOptions;
import com.mongodb.MongoClientOptions.Builder;
import com.mongodb.WriteConcern;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;

public class MongoManager {

    private static MongoClient mongoClient=null;
    
    //对mongoClient初始化
    private static void init(){
        //连接池选项
        Builder builder = new MongoClientOptions.Builder();//选项构建者  
        builder.connectTimeout(5000);//设置连接超时时间
        builder.socketTimeout(5000);//读取数据的超时时间
        builder.connectionsPerHost(30);//每个地址最大请求数      
        builder.writeConcern(WriteConcern.NORMAL);//写入策略,仅抛出网络异常
        MongoClientOptions options = builder.build();
        mongoClient=new MongoClient("192.168.25.200",options);  
}

    
    public static MongoDatabase getDatabase(){
        if(mongoClient==null){
            init();
        }       
        return mongoClient.getDatabase("mongodb");
    }
}

然后我们创建一个StudentDao

package cn.mongodb.demo;
import org.bson.Document;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;

public class StudentDao {

    public void save(String name,String sex,double age,String address){
        MongoDatabase database = MongoManager.getDatabase();
        MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("student2");
        Document docment=new Document();
        docment.put("name", name);
        docment.put("sex", sex);        
        docment.put("age", age);
        docment.put("address", address);
        collection.insertOne(docment);
    }   
}

插入数据进行测试

package cn.mongodb.demo;
import java.util.Date;
public class TestPool {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        long startTime = new Date().getTime();//开始时间
        
        StudentDao studentDao=new StudentDao();
        for(int i=0;i<20000;i++){
            studentDao.save("测试"+i, "男", 25.0, "测试地址"+i);
        }
        long endTime = new Date().getTime();//完成时间
        System.out.println("完成时间:"+(endTime-startTime)+"毫秒");
    }
}

经过测试:插入20000条数据所用毫秒数为1544。



作者:Cehae
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/209a25705b9e
來源:简书
简书著作权归作者所有,任何形式的转载都请联系作者获得授权并注明出处。

猜你喜欢

转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_31024823/article/details/85047910