前段时间学习WebApi的创建与调用，网上的信息千奇百怪（知识有限，看不懂啊），通过查阅资料及借鉴博友实例分析后总结一下，总结一套简单完整的WebApi创建及实例
首先创建一个WebApi服务（流程就不写了，网上的介绍多的像牛虱一样），但是该配置的要配置好哦
1.服务端
首先创建一个Control类，我这里命名为UserInfoController，逻辑代码可以在里面放飞吧。
下面举例说明
我们自定义一个路由方法（url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}"这个定义了我们url的规则，{controller}/{action}定义了路由的必须参数，{id}是可选参数）
1 public class RouteConfig 2 { 3 public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes) 4 { 5 routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}"); 6 7 routes.MapRoute( 8 name: "", 9 url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}", 10 defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional } 11 ); 12 } 13 }
这里我在WebApi方法里创建了两种Method (POST ,GET)
1 public class UserInfoController : ApiController 2 { 3 4 /// <summary> 5 /// //如果是GET方式时，调用的接口就是 http://localhost:61668/ActionApi/UserInfo/GetString 6 /// </summary> 7 /// <returns></returns> 8 [HttpPost] 9 public string GetString([FromBody]student info) 10 { 11 return "Name:" + info.name +"year:"+info.year; 12 } 13 14 [HttpGet] 15 /// <summary> 16 /// 如果是GET方式时，调用的接口就是 http://localhost:61668/ActionApi/UserInfo/User?UserName=张三 17 /// </summary> 18 /// <param name="UserName"></param> 19 /// <returns></returns> 20 //[HttpPost] 21 22 public List<string> User(string UserName) 23 { 24 List<string> s = new List<string>(); 25 s.Add(UserName + "1"); 26 s.Add(UserName + "2"); 27 s.Add(UserName + "3"); 28 return s; 29 30 } 31 }
2.客户端调用
2.1 WebRequest方式调用
1 public static string WebRequest_post(string url, string body) 2 { 3 //定义request并设置request的路径 4 WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url); 5 request.Method = "post"; 6 //初始化request参数 7 //设置参数的编码格式，解决中文乱码 8 byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(body); 9 //设置request的MIME类型及内容长度 10 request.ContentType = "application/json; charset=UTF-8"; 11 request.ContentLength = byteArray.Length; 12 //打开request字符流 13 Stream dataStream = request.GetRequestStream(); 14 dataStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length); 15 dataStream.Close(); 16 //定义response为前面的request响应 17 WebResponse response = request.GetResponse(); 18 //定义response字符流 19 dataStream = response.GetResponseStream(); 20 StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(dataStream); 21 return reader.ReadToEnd();//读取所有 22 } 23 24 public static string WebRequest_Get(string UNIT_NO) 25 { 26 27 Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF8; 28 string url = "http://localhost:61668/ActionApi/UserInfo/User?UserName={0}"; 29 url = string.Format(url, UNIT_NO); 30 HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); 31 request.Method = "GET"; 32 request.Accept = "text/html, application/xhtml+xml, */*"; 33 request.ContentType = "application/json"; 34 HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse(); 35 using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8)) 36 { 37 return reader.ReadToEnd(); 38 } 39 }
2.2 Htpclient
1 public static async void httpclient_post() 2 { 3 string url = "http://localhost:61668/ActionApi/UserInfo/GetString/"; 4 //设置HttpClientHandler的AutomaticDecompression 5 var handler = new HttpClientHandler() { AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip }; 6 //创建HttpClient（注意传入HttpClientHandler） 7 using (var http = new HttpClient(handler)) 8 { 9 //使用FormUrlEncodedContent做HttpContent 10 var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(new Dictionary<string, string>() 11 { {"name","6"}, 12 {"year","4"}, 13 14 }); 15 //await异步等待回应 16 var response = await http.PostAsync(url, content); 17 //确保HTTP成功状态值 18 response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); 19 //await异步读取最后的JSON（注意此时gzip已经被自动解压缩了，因为上面的AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip） 20 string s= await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); 21 22 } 23 } 24 25 public static async void httpclient_Get(string url,string UNIT_NO) 26 { 27 url = string.Format(url, UNIT_NO); 28 //设置HttpClientHandler的AutomaticDecompression 29 var handler = new HttpClientHandler() { AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip }; 30 //创建HttpClient（注意传入HttpClientHandler） 31 using (var http = new HttpClient(handler)) 32 { 33 //使用FormUrlEncodedContent做HttpContent 34 //await异步等待回应 35 var response = await http.GetAsync(url); 36 //确保HTTP成功状态值 37 response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); 38 //await异步读取最后的JSON（注意此时gzip已经被自动解压缩了，因为上面的AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip） 39 string s = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); 40 } 41 }
3.函数调用
MessageBox.Show(API.WebRequest_Get("张三"));
MessageBox.Show(API.WebRequest_post("http://localhost:61668/ActionApi/UserInfo/GetString/", "{name:\"张三\",year:\"25\"}"));
API.httpclient_post();
API.httpclient_Get();
这几种方式亲测可用