Python+django+xadmin学习与开发笔记【03】慕课平台开发之数据库设计

发车~~

先起个低端中二没档次的网站名：木尧学堂

【新建虚拟环境】

【安装django和数据库引擎】

__init__.py加入以下代码：

import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

【新建django项目指定刚才的环境】

settings.py配置数据库连接信息

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': "muyaocourse",
        'USER': "root",
        'PASSWORD': "admin",
        'HOST': "127.0.0.1"
    }
}

【手动创建数据库】（省略）

【自动生成默认数据表】

【分析所有数据表】

如果没有operation表会造成循环引用于是我们进行分层设计

【新建app：users】

【models.py】

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser

# Create your models here.


# 继承本身生成的auth_user 并加上自己的字段
class UserProfile(AbstractUser):
    nick_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"昵称", default="")
    birthday = models.DateField(verbose_name=u"生日", null=True)
    gender = models.CharField(choices=(("male", u"男"), ("female", u"女")), default="female")
    address = models.CharField(max_length=100, default=u"")
    mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, null=True, blank=True)

    # upload_to的'%Y/%m/%d‘被strftime()所格式化；'%Y' 将会被格式化为一个四位数的年份, ‘%m' 被格式化为一个两位数的月份'%d'是两位数日份。
    # 如果你在Jan.15.2007上传了一个文件，它将被保存在/home/media/photos/2007/01/15目录下.
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="image/%Y/%m", default=u"image/default.png", max_length=100)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "用户信息"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    # 若没有重载 print userProfile的对象时 无法打印自定义的字符串
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.username

# email 验证码
class EmailVerifyRecord(models.Model):
    code = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u"验证码")
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"邮箱")
    send_type = models.CharField(choices=(
        ("register", u"注册"),
        ("forget", u"找回密码")), max_length=10)
    send_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)  #若now()则成了编译时间

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"邮箱验证码"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


# 轮播图
class Banner(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"标题")
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="banner/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"轮播图", max_length=100)
    url = models.URLField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u"访问地址")
    index = models.IntegerField(default=100, verbose_name=u"顺序")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"轮播图"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

settings.py INSTALLED_APPS 中注册app

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'apps.users'
]

# 我们是用的自定义的model
AUTH_USER_MODEL = "users.UserProfile"

manage.py@MuyaoCourse > makemigrations users

manage.py@MuyaoCourse > migrate users

如果报错把数据表全删了重新来一遍就ok了

【新建app：courses】

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.


# 课程数据表
class Course(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"课程名")
    desc = models.CharField(max_length=300, verbose_name=u"课程描述")
    detail = models.TextField(verbose_name=u"课程详情")  # 富文本
    degree = models.CharField(choices=(
        ("cj", "初级"),
        ("zj", "中级"),
        ("gj", "高级"),), max_length=2)
    learn_times = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"学习时长(分钟数)")  # 按分钟存 前台转成时分
    students = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"学习人数")
    fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"收藏人数")
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="course/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"课程封面", max_length=100)
    click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"点击量")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"课程"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


# 章节表(foreign key)
class Lesson(models.Model):
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u"课程", on_delete=models.CASCADE)  # 章节表外键是课程表
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"章节名")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"章节"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


# 视频
class Video(models.Model):
    lesson = models.ForeignKey(Lesson, verbose_name=u"章节", on_delete=models.CASCADE)  # 视频表外键是章节表
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"视频名")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"视频"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


# 课程资源
class CourseResource(models.Model):
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u"课程", on_delete=models.CASCADE)  # 课程资源表外键是课程表
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"名称")
    download = models.FileField(upload_to="course/resourse/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"资源文件", max_length=100)  # 可以自动生成按钮
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"课程资源"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

【新建app：organization】

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.


class CityDict(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u"城市名")
    desc = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u"描述")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"城市"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class CourseOrg(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"机构名称")
    desc = models.TextField(verbose_name=u"机构描述")
    click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"点击数")
    fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"收藏数")
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="org/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"机构封面", max_length=100)
    address = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name=u"机构地址")
    city = models.ForeignKey(CityDict, verbose_name=u"所在城市")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"课程机构"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class Teacher(models.Model):
    org = models.ForeignKey(CourseOrg, verbose_name=u"所属机构")
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"教师名")
    work_years = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"工作年限")
    work_company = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"就职公司")
    work_position = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"公司职位")
    points = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"教学特点")
    click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"点击数")
    fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"收藏数")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"教师"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

【新建app：operation】

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models

from apps.users.models import UserProfile
from apps.courses.models import Course

# Create your models here.


class UserAsk(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u"姓名")
    mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, verbose_name=u"手机")
    course_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"课程名")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"用户咨询"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class CourseComments(models.Model):
    # 课程评论
    user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u"用户", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u"课程", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    comments = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u"评论")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"课程评论"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class UserFavorite(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u"用户", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    fav_id = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"数据id")
    fav_type = models.IntegerField(choices=((1, "课程"),
                                            (2, "机构"),
                                            (3, "讲师")), default=1, verbose_name=u"收藏类型")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"用户收藏"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class UserMessage(models.Model):
    user = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"接收用户")  # 0为给全员消息 其他给用户为id的消息
    message = models.CharField(max_length=500, verbose_name=u"消息内容")
    has_read = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name=u"是否已读")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"用户消息"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class UserCourse(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u"用户", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u"课程", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"用户课程"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

【更新数据库】

manage.py@MuyaoCourse > makemigrations

manage.py@MuyaoCourse > migrate

大功告成！命令行大法部署一下试试~

【END】

Python+django+xadmin学习与开发笔记【03】慕课平台开发之数据库设计

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