一、背景
公司早期（2005年）开发的一系统S，现欲使用公司2009年左右上线的用户管理系统UM来实现用户单点登录。
技术架构现状：
系统S：Spring 1.2.5、webwork 2.1.7、xwork 1.0.5、Hibernate 3.0.5
用户管理系统UM：基于 CAS Server 3.2.1
二、集成方式
初步考虑有如下两种集成方式：
1、使用 Acegi Security
优点：无 Spring 版本兼容性问题
缺点：无使用经验；时间久远，相关技术资源可能较难寻。
2、使用 Spring Security 2.x
优点：有使用Spring Security 3.x 集成 CAS 的经验；Spring、Hibernate等开源组件的升级，可对系统未来的开发引入新的技术特性。
缺点：需 升级 Spring，可能因升级带来 Spring、Hibernate 等开源组件的兼容性问题。
后来我们对上述两种方式均进行了尝试并取得成功，下面仅就方式1进行说明。
三、集成过程
先前无使用 Acegi Security 的经验，但借助Google参阅了官方参考文档和网络示例，在理解了各个组件的用途后，集成过程还是比较简单的。
整个过程主要是引入所依赖的jar和维护2个配置文件。
1、引入需要的依赖
acegi-security-1.0.7.jar
acegi-security-cas-1.0.7.jar
casclient-2.1.0.jar
2、修改web.xml
为 Acegi Security新增一个过滤器（filter），配置代码如下：
<filter>
<filter-name>acegiSecurityFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.acegisecurity.util.FilterToBeanProxy</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>targetClass</param-name>
<param-value>org.acegisecurity.util.FilterChainProxy</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter> <filter-mapping>
<filter-name>acegiSecurityFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>3、新增acegi-security-context.xml
文件中配置的是 Acegi Security 及集成CAS相关的 bean。具体bean的配置代码如下：
<!--
过滤器链，这是我们在web.xml新增的 acegiSecurityFilter 所需的FilterChainProxy的实例。
注意：这里过滤器的顺序很重要！
-->
<bean id="filterChainProxy" class="org.acegisecurity.util.FilterChainProxy">
<property name="filterInvocationDefinitionSource">
<value>
CONVERT_URL_TO_LOWERCASE_BEFORE_COMPARISON
PATTERN_TYPE_APACHE_ANT
/**=httpSessionContextIntegrationFilter,anonymousProcessingFilter,casProcessingFilter,exceptionTranslationFilter,filterSecurityInterceptor,logoutFilter
</value>
</property>
</bean> <!--
为HTTP请求，保存SecurityContext至HttpSession中。
-->
<bean id="httpSessionContextIntegrationFilter" class="org.acegisecurity.context.HttpSessionContextIntegrationFilter">
</bean> <!--
处理匿名访问
-->
<bean id="anonymousProcessingFilter" class="org.acegisecurity.providers.anonymous.AnonymousProcessingFilter">
<property name="key" value="foobar" />
<property name="userAttribute" value="anonymousUser,ROLE_ANONYMOUS" />
</bean>
<!--
处理HTTP资源安全访问
-->
<bean id="filterSecurityInterceptor" class="org.acegisecurity.intercept.web.FilterSecurityInterceptor">
<property name="authenticationManager">
<ref bean="authenticationManager" />
</property>
<property name="accessDecisionManager">
<ref bean="accessDecisionManager" />
</property>
<property name="objectDefinitionSource">
<value>
CONVERT_URL_TO_LOWERCASE_BEFORE_COMPARISON
PATTERN_TYPE_APACHE_ANT
/casfailed.jsp=ROLE_ANONYMOUS
/acegi_login.jsp=ROLE_ANONYMOUS,ROLE_USER
/**/*.action=ROLE_USER
/**/*.jsp=ROLE_USER
</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="accessDecisionManager" class="org.acegisecurity.vote.UnanimousBased">
<property name="decisionVoters">
<list>
<ref bean="roleVoter"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="roleVoter" class="org.acegisecurity.vote.RoleVoter">
<property name="rolePrefix">
<value>ROLE_</value>
</property>
</bean><bean id="casProcessingFilter" class="org.acegisecurity.ui.cas.CasProcessingFilter">
<property name="authenticationManager">
<ref bean="authenticationManager" />
</property>
<property name="authenticationFailureUrl">
<value>/casfailed.jsp</value>
</property>
<property name="defaultTargetUrl">
<value>/</value>
</property>
<property name="alwaysUseDefaultTargetUrl">
<value>false</value>
</property>
<property name="filterProcessesUrl">
<value>/j_security_check</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="logoutFilter" class="org.acegisecurity.ui.logout.LogoutFilter">
<constructor-arg value="${ulic.cas.server}/logout?url=${app.url}" />
<constructor-arg>
<list>
<bean class="org.acegisecurity.ui.logout.SecurityContextLogoutHandler" />
</list>
</constructor-arg>
<property name="filterProcessesUrl">
<value>/j_security_logout</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="exceptionTranslationFilter" class="org.acegisecurity.ui.ExceptionTranslationFilter">
<property name="authenticationEntryPoint">
<ref local="casProcessingFilterEntryPoint" />
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="casProcessingFilterEntryPoint" class="org.acegisecurity.ui.cas.CasProcessingFilterEntryPoint">
<property name="serviceProperties">
<ref bean="serviceProperties" />
</property>
<property name="loginUrl">
<value>${ulic.cas.server}/login</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="serviceProperties" class="org.acegisecurity.ui.cas.ServiceProperties">
<property name="service">
<value>${app.url}/j_security_check</value>
</property>
<property name="sendRenew">
<value>false</value>
</property>
</bean> <bean id="authenticationManager" class="org.acegisecurity.providers.ProviderManager">
<property name="providers">
<list>
<ref bean="casAuthenticationProvider" />
<ref bean="anonymousAuthenticationProvider"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="casAuthenticationProvider" class="org.acegisecurity.providers.cas.CasAuthenticationProvider">
<property name="casAuthoritiesPopulator">
<ref bean="casAuthoritiesPopulator" />
</property>
<property name="casProxyDecider">
<bean class="org.acegisecurity.providers.cas.proxy.RejectProxyTickets" />
</property>
<property name="ticketValidator">
<ref bean="casProxyTicketValidator" />
</property>
<property name="key">
<value>my_password_for_this_auth_provider_only</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="anonymousAuthenticationProvider" class="org.acegisecurity.providers.anonymous.AnonymousAuthenticationProvider">
<property name="key">
<value>foobar</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="casProxyTicketValidator"
class="org.acegisecurity.providers.cas.ticketvalidator.CasProxyTicketValidator">
<property name="casValidate">
<value>${ulic.cas.server}/proxyValidate</value>
</property>
<property name="serviceProperties">
<ref local="serviceProperties" />
</property>
</bean> <bean id="casAuthoritiesPopulator" class="org.acegisecurity.providers.cas.populator.DaoCasAuthoritiesPopulator">
<property name="userDetailsService">
<ref bean="jdbcDaoImpl" />
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="jdbcDaoImpl" class="org.acegisecurity.userdetails.jdbc.JdbcDaoImpl">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="usersByUsernameQuery">
<value>SELECT t.user_name AS username, 'nopassword' AS password, 1 AS enabled FROM t_user t WHERE t.user_name = ?</value>
</property>
<property name="authoritiesByUsernameQuery">
<value>SELECT t.user_name AS username, 'ROLE_USER' AS authority FROM t_user t WHERE t.user_name = ?</value>
</property>
</bean>四、问题及解决
casProxyTicketValidator
casProxyTicketValidator 的属性 casValidate 必须为一个 https 协议的地址，但公司的 CAS Server 并未配置成 https 协议，使用的是 http 协议，这样直接导致CAS验证失败。
通过覆写casclient-2.1.0.jar中的类edu.yale.its.tp.cas.util.SecureURL，取消对 https 协议的检查。
/**
* Retrieve the contents from the given URL as a String, assuming the
* URL's server matches what we expect it to match.
*/
public static String retrieve(String url) throws IOException {
if (log.isTraceEnabled()){
log.trace("entering retrieve(" + url + ")");
}
BufferedReader r = null;
try {
URL u = new URL(url);
// if (!u.getProtocol().equals("https")){
// // IOException may not be the best exception we could throw here
// // since the problem is with the URL argument we were passed, not
// // IO. -awp9
// log.error("retrieve(" + url + ") on an illegal URL since protocol was not https.");
// throw new IOException("only 'https' URLs are valid for this method");
// }
URLConnection uc = u.openConnection();
uc.setRequestProperty("Connection", "close");
r = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(uc.getInputStream()));
String line;
StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
while ((line = r.readLine()) != null)
buf.append(line + "\n");
return buf.toString();
} finally {
try {
if (r != null)
r.close();
} catch (IOException ex) {
// ignore
}
}
}五、资源
acegisecurity-reference-1.0.7.pdf