SQL 语句快速参考手册
这个是从w3c抄来的，我加了个备注。注意！！！这个是sql的标准，不是mysql的，所以虽然大部分都是通用的，但是个别语句是有区分的
| SQL 语句 | 语法 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|
| AND / OR | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_nameWHERE conditionAND|OR condition | 且/或 |
| ALTER TABLE | ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name datatypeorALTER TABLE table_name DROP COLUMN column_name | 改表 |
| AS (alias) | SELECT column_name AS column_aliasFROM table_nameorSELECT column_nameFROM table_name AS table_alias | 别名 |
| BETWEEN | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_nameWHERE column_nameBETWEEN value1 AND value2 | 范围 |
| CREATE DATABASE | CREATE DATABASE database_name | 创建库 |
| CREATE TABLE | CREATE TABLE table_name(column_name1 data_type,column_name2 data_type,column_name2 data_type,...) | 创建表 |
| CREATE INDEX | CREATE INDEX index_nameON table_name (column_name)orCREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_nameON table_name (column_name) | 创建索引 |
| CREATE VIEW | CREATE VIEW view_name ASSELECT column_name(s)FROM table_nameWHERE condition | 创建视图 |
| DELETE | DELETE FROM table_nameWHERE some_column=some_valueorDELETE FROM table_name (**Note: Deletes the entire table!!)DELETE * FROM table_name (Note: **Deletes the entire table!!) | 删除数据 |
| DROP DATABASE | DROP DATABASE database_name | 删除库 |
| DROP INDEX | DROP INDEX table_name.index_name (SQL Server)DROP INDEX index_name ON table_name (MS Access)DROP INDEX index_name (DB2/Oracle)ALTER TABLE table_nameDROP INDEX index_name (MySQL) | 删除索引 |
| DROP TABLE | DROP TABLE table_name | 删除表 |
| GROUP BY | SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)FROM table_nameWHERE column_name operator valueGROUP BY column_name | 分组 |
| HAVING | SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)FROM table_nameWHERE column_name operator valueGROUP BY column_nameHAVING aggregate_function(column_name) operator value | 过滤分组数据的 |
| IN | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_nameWHERE column_nameIN (value1,value2,..) | 范围内 |
| INSERT INTO | INSERT INTO table_nameVALUES (value1, value2, value3,....)orINSERT INTO table_name(column1, column2, column3,...)VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....) | 添加 |
| INNER JOIN | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_name1INNER JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name | 内连接 |
| LEFT JOIN | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_name1LEFT JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name | 左联接 |
| RIGHT JOIN | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_name1RIGHT JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name | 右连接 |
| FULL JOIN | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_name1FULL JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name | 全连接 |
| LIKE | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_nameWHERE column_nameLIKE pattern | 模糊 |
| ORDER BY | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_nameORDER BY column_name [ASC|DESC] | 排序 |
| SELECT | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_name | 查询 |
| SELECT * | SELECT *FROM table_name | 全查 |
| SELECT DISTINCT | SELECT DISTINCT column_name(s)FROM table_name | 不重复查询 |
| SELECT INTO | SELECT INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]FROM old_table_nameor*SELECT column_name(s)INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]FROM old_table_name | 查询旧表插入新表 |
| SELECT TOP | SELECT TOP number|percent column_name(s)FROM table_name | =mysql的limit |
| TRUNCATE TABLE | TRUNCATE TABLE table_name | 清除表数据 |
| UNION | SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1UNIONSELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2 | 合并查询 |
| UNION ALL | SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1UNION ALLSELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2 | 全合并 |
| UPDATE | UPDATE table_nameSET column1=value, column2=value,...WHERE some_column=some_value | 更新数据 |
| WHERE | SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_nameWHERE column_name operator value | 条件查询 |