Android-Intent的使用方法详解

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• 官方文档<1>:https://developer.android.google.cn/guide/components/intents-common
• 官方文档<2>:https://developer.android.google.cn/reference/android/content/Intent
• 官方文档<3>:https://developer.android.google.cn/guide/components/intents-filters

 运行截图：

Demo分为两个活动，一个为主活动，另外一个为SecondActivity，通过主活动中的四个按钮，分别执行不同的操作。

AndroidManifest.xml 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.zgh.leo.intentdemo">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <activity android:name=".SecondActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="自己起个名"/>
                <category android:name="自己起个名"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

    </application>

</manifest>

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:gravity="center">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="MainActivity"
        android:textSize="30sp"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textAllCaps="false"
        android:text="显式启动SecondActivity"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textAllCaps="false"
        android:text="隐式启动SecondActivity"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn3"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textAllCaps="false"
        android:text="打开系统浏览器"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn4"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textAllCaps="false"
        android:text="打开系统拨号"/>


</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java

package com.zgh.leo.intentdemo;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    private Button btn1;
    private Button btn2;
    private Button btn3;
    private Button btn4;
    private Intent intent;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        init();

    }

    /**
     * 初始化控件
     */
    private void init() {
        btn1 = findViewById(R.id.btn1);
        btn2 = findViewById(R.id.btn2);
        btn3 = findViewById(R.id.btn3);
        btn4 = findViewById(R.id.btn4);

        btn1.setOnClickListener(this);
        btn2.setOnClickListener(this);
        btn3.setOnClickListener(this);
        btn4.setOnClickListener(this);

        intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,SecondActivity.class);
    }

    /**
     * 设置监听
     * @param v
     */
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()){
                //显式
            case R.id.btn1:
                startActivity(intent);
                break;
                //隐式
            case R.id.btn2:
                //此处与AndroidManifest.xml文件内的活动标签一致
                intent.setAction("自己起个名");
                intent.addCategory("自己起个名");
                startActivity(intent);
                break;
                //打开浏览器
            case R.id.btn3:
                Intent intent1 = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
                intent1.setData(Uri.parse("http://www.csdn.net"));
                startActivity(intent1);
                break;
                //打开拨号盘
            case R.id.btn4:
                Intent intent2 = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL);
                intent2.setData(Uri.parse("tel:10086"));
                startActivity(intent2);
                break;
        }
    }
}

activity_second.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".SecondActivity">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
        android:text="SecondActivity"
        android:textAllCaps="false"
        android:textSize="30sp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

SecondActivity.java

package com.zgh.leo.intentdemo;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class SecondActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_second);
    }
}

Demo源码：https://download.csdn.net/download/qq_41113081/10924462