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1 MariaDB的性质
MariaDB从MySQL衍生而来，作为完全开源的一款数据库产品。关于MariaDB更详细的信息其实是在MariaDB.org中。在MariaDB download中也做了详细的说明了MariaDB的性质：
MariaDB is free and open source software
The MariaDB database server is published as free and open source software under the General Public License version 2. You can download and use it as much as you want free of charge. All use of the binaries from mariadb.org is at your own risk as stated in the GPLv2. While we do our best to make the world’s best database software, the MariaDB Foundation does not provide any guarantees and cannot be hold liable for any issues you may encounter. The MariaDB Foundation does not provide any help or support.
If you intend to run MariaDB database server in production we recommend purchasing a subscription from MariaDB Corporation, or any of the other commercial support providers in the MariaDB ecosystem. There are many resources you can use to learn MariaDB and support yourself or get peer support online.
这里面说明了MariaDB遵循GPLv2协议，其实说的就是MariaDB完全开源，全部免费，但是不对使用者承担任何责任。
2 MariaDB与MySQL各版本之间的对应关系
目前MariaDB最新的版本是MariaDB 10.3，里面的List of All MariaDB 10.3 Releases中则介绍了目前已有的MariaDB的版本，而Comparison with MySQL则简单介绍了目前比较新的MariaDB与MySQL版本之间的区别。
在System Variable Differences between MariaDB and MySQL中讲解了MariaDB与MySQL各版本之间的区别。里面赫然有一条System Variable Differences Between MariaDB 5.5 and MySQL 5.5，能感觉出MariaDB直到5.5版本均依照MySQL的版本。
3 查看MariaDB版本
3.1 方法1
[root@shizhi002 ~]# mysql -V
mysql Ver 15.1 Distrib 5.5.60-MariaDB, for Linux (x86_64) using readline 5.1
3.2 方法2
[root@shizhi002 ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 525
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
3.3 方法3
MariaDB [(none)]> status
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mysql Ver 15.1 Distrib 5.5.60-MariaDB, for Linux (x86_64) using readline 5.1
Connection id: 525
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server: MariaDB
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: latin1
Db characterset: latin1
Client characterset: utf8
Conn. characterset: utf8
UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Uptime: 13 days 23 hours 16 min 22 sec
Threads: 1 Questions: 33739 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 142 Flush tables: 2 Open tables: 83 Queries per second avg: 0.027
--------------
参考
System Variable Differences between MariaDB and MySQL
