django认证和权限

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': (
        'rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication',   # 基本认证
        'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication',  # session认证
    )
}

一、基本认证:所有请求都需要用户名密码

session认证:只有第一次请求需要用户名密码

配置文件中配置全局的认证方案;

视图中可以单独设置authentication_classess属性来设置

from rest_framework.authentication import SessionAuthentication, BasicAuthentication
from rest_framework.views import APIView

class ExampleView(APIView):
    authentication_classes = (SessionAuthentication, BasicAuthentication)
    ...

二、认证失败返回值

  • 401 Unauthorized 未认证
  • 403 Permission Denied 权限被禁止

三、配置只是有认证功能,但是需要在权限中具体指明如何使用

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

权限:

  • AllowAny 允许所有用户
  • IsAuthenticated 仅通过认证的用户
  • IsAdminUser 仅管理员用户
  • IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly 认证的用户可以完全操作,否则只能get读取

可以在配置文件中全局设置权限管理类:

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': (
        'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated',
    )
}

也可以在视图中设置:

from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated
from rest_framework.views import APIView

class ExampleView(APIView):
    permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated,)
    ...
class BookDetailView(RetrieveAPIView):
    queryset = BookInfo.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookInfoSerializer
    authentication_classes = [SessionAuthentication]
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated]

自定义权限

继承rest_framework.permissions.BasePermission,实现

  • .has_permission(self, request, view)

    是否可以访问视图, view表示当前视图对象

  • .has_object_permission(self, request, view, obj)

    是否可以访问数据对象, view表示当前视图, obj为数据对象

class MyPermission(BasePermission):
    def has_object_permission(self, request, view, obj):
        """控制对obj对象的访问权限,此案例决绝所有对对象的访问"""
        return False

class BookInfoViewSet(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = BookInfo.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookInfoSerializer
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated, MyPermission]

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转载自blog.csdn.net/weixin_42670402/article/details/86607773