linux定时休眠的设置方式

$/sys/power/image_size, 这会让系统在写入交换空间时尽可能的进行压缩，但这种方法也无法保证一定能够休眠成功) 若之前没有创建交换分区，那么可以临时创建一个交换文件来用。比如下面命令创建一个5G的交换文件 sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=10240 count=524288 sudo mkswap /swapfile sudo chmod 0600 /swapfile sudo swapon /swapfile sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak echo “/swapfile swap swap default 0 0” |tee -a /etc/fstab Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 5 GiB (5368705024 bytes) no label, UUID=d0f0c682-e1fa-416f-8fe2-b554b8ca363a /swapfile swap swap default 0 0 除此创建交换分区之外，我们还需要修改kernel的启动参数,让系统在启动时先尝试从交换空间中恢复状态。具体操作如下： 1. 如果使用交换分区来保存，则只需要为添加kernel的启动参数 resume=交换分区即可 (1) 查看那块分区是交换分区 swapon NAME TYPE SIZE USED PRIO /dev/sda2 partition 8G 280K -2 /swapfile file 5G 0B -3 可以看出交换分区为 /dev/sda2 (2) 修改 /etc/default/grub, 为 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT 行添加参数 resume=/dev/sda2 sudo sed -i ‘/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT/ s!"!resume=/dev/sda2"!′/etc/default/grub 2.如果是使用交换文件，则需要添加两个参数resume=交换文件所在磁盘以及resumeoffset=交换文件在磁盘中的偏移位置: (1)查看交换文件所在磁盘 df/swapfile 文件系统1K−块已用可用已用 /dev/sda355253696275822242483497253 说明磁盘为/dev/sda3 (2)查看交换文件的偏移位置 sudofilefrag−v/swapfile∣head−5 Filesystemtypeis:ef53 Filesizeof/swapfileis5368709120(1310720blocksof4096bytes) ext:logicaloffset:physicaloffset:length:expected:flags: 0:0..32767:4653056..4685823:32768: 1:32768..65535:4685824..4718591:32768: 这里可以看出物理偏移位置时4653056 (3)修改/etc/default/grub,为GRUBCMDLINELINUXDEFAULT行添加参数resume=/dev/sda3resumeoffset=4653056 sudosed−i′/GRUBCMDLINELINUXDEFAULT/s!"! resume=/dev/sda2"!' /etc/default/grub 2. 如果是使用交换文件，则需要添加两个参数 resume=交换文件所在磁盘以及 resume_offset=交换文件在磁盘中的偏移位置: (1) 查看交换文件所在磁盘 df /swapfile 文件系统 1K-块已用可用已用% 挂载点 /dev/sda3 55253696 27582224 24834972 53% / 说明磁盘为 /dev/sda3 (2) 查看交换文件的偏移位置 sudo filefrag -v /swapfile|head -5 Filesystem type is: ef53 File size of /swapfile is 5368709120 (1310720 blocks of 4096 bytes) ext: logical_offset: physical_offset: length: expected: flags: 0: 0.. 32767: 4653056.. 4685823: 32768: 1: 32768.. 65535: 4685824.. 4718591: 32768: 这里可以看出物理偏移位置时4653056 (3) 修改 /etc/default/grub, 为 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT 行添加参数 resume=/dev/sda3 resume_offset=4653056 sudo sed -i '/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT/ s!"!resume=/dev/sda2"!′/etc/default/grub 2.如果是使用交换文件，则需要添加两个参数resume=交换文件所在磁盘以及resumeoffset=交换文件在磁盘中的偏移位置: (1)查看交换文件所在磁盘 df/swapfile 文件系统1K−块已用可用已用 /dev/sda355253696275822242483497253 说明磁盘为/dev/sda3 (2)查看交换文件的偏移位置 sudofilefrag−v/swapfile∣head−5 Filesystemtypeis:ef53 Filesizeof/swapfileis5368709120(1310720blocksof4096bytes) ext:logicaloffset:physicaloffset:length:expected:flags: 0:0..32767:4653056..4685823:32768: 1:32768..65535:4685824..4718591:32768: 这里可以看出物理偏移位置时4653056 (3)修改/etc/default/grub,为GRUBCMDLINELINUXDEFAULT行添加参数resume=/dev/sda3resumeoffset=4653056 sudosed−i′/GRUBCMDLINELINUXDEFAULT/s!"! resume=/dev/sda3 resume_offset=4653056"!’ /etc/default/grub 3. 重新生成 grub.cfg 文件 sudo grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg (1) 配置initramfs添加 resume hook 修改 /etc/mkinitcpio.conf 文件，在 HOOKS 中添加 resume sudo sed -i ‘/^HOOKS=/ s/)/ resume)/’ /etc/mkinitcpio.conf 其中由两点需要注意：由于分区的label和UUID都是 udev 分配的，因此 resume 必须放在 udev 之后由于 systemd hook 已经有了 resume 的功能，因此若已经有了 systemd hook,则无需再添加 udev hook (2) 重新生成initramfs sudo mkinitcpio -g /boot/initramfs-linux-lily.img ==> Starting build: 4.16.12-2-lily -> Running build hook: [base] -> Running build hook: [udev] -> Running build hook: [autodetect] -> Running build hook: [modconf] -> Running build hook: [block] -> Running build hook: [filesystems] -> Running build hook: [keyboard] -> Running build hook: [fsck] -> Running build hook: [resume] ==> Generating module dependencies ==> Creating gzip-compressed initcpio image: /boot/initramfs-linux-lily.img ==> Image generation successful (3) 重启，让配置生效经过上面复杂的配置后，hibernation 休眠才能真正成功。与 suspend 休眠类似，我们也能使用 systemctl 来进行休眠 systemctl hibernate 类似的，它的实际动作由 systemd-hibernte.service 所定义, 在 archlinux 上，它长成这样子的: # SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ # # This file is part of systemd. # # systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it # under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. [Unit] Description=Hibernate Documentation=man:systemd-suspend.service(8) DefaultDependencies=no Requires=sleep.target After=sleep.target [Service] Type=oneshot ExecStart=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sleep hibernate hybrid 休眠在配置好 hibernate 休眠后，也就能正常进行 hybrid 休眠了，方法是执行 systemctl hybrid-sleep 类似的，它的实际动作由 systemd-hybrid-sleep.service 所定义, 在 archlinux 上，它长成这样子的: # SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ # # This file is part of systemd. # # systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it # under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. [Unit] Description=Hybrid Suspend+Hibernate Documentation=man:systemd-suspend.service(8) DefaultDependencies=no Requires=sleep.target After=sleep.target [Service] Type=oneshot ExecStart=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sleep hybrid-sleep Sleep Hooks 从上面的service文件中可以看出，不管是哪种类型的系统休眠，其内部实际调用的都是 systemd-sleep. man systemd-sleep SYSTEMD-SUSPEND.SERVICE(8) systemd-suspend.service SYSTEMD-SUSPEND.SERVICE(8) NAME systemd-suspend.service, systemd-hibernate.service, systemd-hybrid- sleep.service, systemd-sleep - System sleep state logic SYNOPSIS systemd-suspend.service systemd-hibernate.service systemd-hybrid-sleep.service /usr/lib/systemd/system-sleep DESCRIPTION systemd-suspend.service is a system service that is pulled in by suspend.target and is responsible for the actual system suspend. Similarly, systemd-hibernate.service is pulled in by hibernate.target to execute the actual hibernation. Finally, systemd-hybrid-sleep.service is pulled in by hybrid-sleep.target to execute hybrid hibernation with system suspend. Immediately before entering system suspend and/or hibernation systemd-suspend.service (and the other mentioned units, respectively) will run all executables in /usr/lib/systemd/system-sleep/ and pass two arguments to them. The first argument will be “pre”, the second either “suspend”, “hibernate”, or “hybrid-sleep” depending on the chosen action. Immediately after leaving system suspend and/or hibernation the same executables are run, but the first argument is now “post”. All executables in this directory are executed in parallel, and execution of the action is not continued until all executables have finished. Note that scripts or binaries dropped in /usr/lib/systemd/system-sleep/ are intended for local use only and should be considered hacks. If applications want to react to system suspend/hibernation and resume, they should rather use the Inhibitor interface[1]. Note that systemd-suspend.service, systemd-hibernate.service, and systemd-hybrid-sleep.service should never be executed directly. Instead, trigger system sleep states with a command such as “systemctl suspend” or similar. Internally, this service will echo a string like “mem” into /sys/power/state, to trigger the actual system suspend. What exactly is written where can be configured in the “[Sleep]” section of /etc/systemd/sleep.conf or a sleep.conf.d file. See systemd- sleep.conf(5). OPTIONS systemd-sleep understands the following commands: -h, --help Print a short help text and exit. --version Print a short version string and exit. suspend, hibernate, hybrid-sleep Suspend, hibernate, or put the system to hybrid sleep. SEE ALSO systemd-sleep.conf(5), systemd(1), systemctl(1), systemd.special(7), systemd-halt.service(8) NOTES 1. Inhibitor interface 根据 systemd-sleep 的manual pages，可以看到在系统休眠之前以及从休眠状态恢复之后，都会并行地调用 /usr/lib/systemd/system-sleep 中的脚本，并传递两个参数。第一个参数用来指定是开始休眠还是从休眠状态恢复，分别对应的字符串 “pre” 与 “post”. 第二个参数用来指明休眠的类型，分别为字符串 “suspend”, “hibernate” 以及 “hybrid-sleep” 定时执行休眠 systemd 系统中的定时任务是由timer来实现的，而每个timer都与一个service相对应。一般情况下，timer的名称与service一致，但必要时可以通过在.timer文件中的 [Timer] 部分指定 Unit= 选项来控制一个与timer不同名的service。下面是一个timer的例子，每天21:30分开始自动hibernate休眠 [Unit] Description=Hibernate every 21:30:00 [Timer] OnCalendar=-* 21:30:00 Persistent=true Unit=systemd-hibernate.service [Install] WantedBy=timers.target 定时唤醒休眠的linux 使用 rtcwake 可以在给定的时间唤醒处于休眠状态的电脑其主要用法为: sudo rtcwake -m ${mode} -t ${time_t} # 或者 sudo rtcwake -m ${mode} -s ${seconds} 其中，参数mode为待机模式，有以下几个选项: standby 普通待机模式，为默认选项，对应 ACPI state S1 mem suspend休眠，对应 ACPI state S3 disk hibernation 休眠，对应 ACPI state S4 off 通过调用系统的关机命令来休眠，对应 ACPI state S5 参数 time_t 为从 1970-01-01, 00:00 UTC 开始到现在的秒数，可以通过 date 命令来将时间字符串转换成这个秒数，比如 sudo rtcwake -m disk -t $(date -d 08:30 +%s) 就是进行 hibernation 休眠,并于08：30分唤醒参数 seconds 为秒数，表示从现在开始的多少秒后，系统唤醒。-FTP$

linux定时休眠的设置方式

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