Twitter开源的Storm是一个分布式的、可靠的、容错的实时计算系统。Storm的其它概念和功能特点此处就不再赘述，这里主要讲Storm如何在集群中正确配置安装。在我之前听说Storm的时候，Storm的网络传输还是通过ZeroMQ来实现的，当前版本已经支持Netty Transport传输了，而且据说后者的性能要比前者高一倍，我们果断选择后者。好了言归正传，下面进入部署环节。
1、准备工作
我们准备3台机器做Storm集群，分别在3台机器上创建Storm安装需要的目录。
数据存储目录：
mkdir -p /opt/data/storm
日志目录：
mkdir -p /opt/logs/storm
Storm安装包下载：
wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/storm/apache-storm-0.9.4/apache-storm-0.9.4.tar.gz
JDK的安装见： Linux环境下安装JDK配置hosts，同时修改hostname：
vim /etc/hosts
10.100.152.4 storm1.com
10.100.152.5 storm2.com
10.100.152.6 storm3.com
vim /etc/hostsname
storm1.com
安装python：
首先确认系统是否自带了python，如果自带并版本在2.6.6或以上的话就不需要安装python。
python -V
Python 2.6.6
系统当前自带的版本可以不用安装，否则就要使用yum install python进行安装。
ZooKeeper安装见：ZooKeeper的集群部署
2、Storm安装
在Storm安装之前，我们先来看一下Storm的默认配置信息(defaults.yaml)。
# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
# or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
# with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
########### These all have default values as shown
########### Additional configuration goes into storm.yaml
java.library.path: "/usr/local/lib:/opt/local/lib:/usr/lib"
### storm.* configs are general configurations
# the local dir is where jars are kept
storm.local.dir: "storm-local"
storm.zookeeper.servers:
- "localhost"
storm.zookeeper.port: 2181
storm.zookeeper.root: "/storm"
storm.zookeeper.session.timeout: 20000
storm.zookeeper.connection.timeout: 15000
storm.zookeeper.retry.times: 5
storm.zookeeper.retry.interval: 1000
storm.zookeeper.retry.intervalceiling.millis: 30000
storm.cluster.mode: "distributed" # can be distributed or local
storm.local.mode.zmq: false
storm.thrift.transport: "backtype.storm.security.auth.SimpleTransportPlugin"
storm.messaging.transport: "backtype.storm.messaging.netty.Context"
storm.meta.serialization.delegate: "backtype.storm.serialization.DefaultSerializationDelegate"
### nimbus.* configs are for the master
nimbus.host: "localhost"
nimbus.thrift.port: 6627
nimbus.thrift.max_buffer_size: 1048576
nimbus.childopts: "-Xmx1024m"
nimbus.task.timeout.secs: 30
nimbus.supervisor.timeout.secs: 60
nimbus.monitor.freq.secs: 10
nimbus.cleanup.inbox.freq.secs: 600
nimbus.inbox.jar.expiration.secs: 3600
nimbus.task.launch.secs: 120
nimbus.reassign: true
nimbus.file.copy.expiration.secs: 600
nimbus.topology.validator: "backtype.storm.nimbus.DefaultTopologyValidator"
### ui.* configs are for the master
ui.port: 8080
ui.childopts: "-Xmx768m"
logviewer.port: 8000
logviewer.childopts: "-Xmx128m"
logviewer.appender.name: "A1"
drpc.port: 3772
drpc.worker.threads: 64
drpc.queue.size: 128
drpc.invocations.port: 3773
drpc.request.timeout.secs: 600
drpc.childopts: "-Xmx768m"
transactional.zookeeper.root: "/transactional"
transactional.zookeeper.servers: null
transactional.zookeeper.port: null
### supervisor.* configs are for node supervisors
# Define the amount of workers that can be run on this machine. Each worker is assigned a port to use for communication
supervisor.slots.ports:
- 6700
- 6701
- 6702
- 6703
supervisor.childopts: "-Xmx256m"
#how long supervisor will wait to ensure that a worker process is started
supervisor.worker.start.timeout.secs: 120
#how long between heartbeats until supervisor considers that worker dead and tries to restart it
supervisor.worker.timeout.secs: 30
#how frequently the supervisor checks on the status of the processes it's monitoring and restarts if necessary
supervisor.monitor.frequency.secs: 3
#how frequently the supervisor heartbeats to the cluster state (for nimbus)
supervisor.heartbeat.frequency.secs: 5
supervisor.enable: true
### worker.* configs are for task workers
worker.childopts: "-Xmx768m"
worker.heartbeat.frequency.secs: 1
# control how many worker receiver threads we need per worker
topology.worker.receiver.thread.count: 1
task.heartbeat.frequency.secs: 3
task.refresh.poll.secs: 10
zmq.threads: 1
zmq.linger.millis: 5000
zmq.hwm: 0
storm.messaging.netty.server_worker_threads: 1
storm.messaging.netty.client_worker_threads: 1
storm.messaging.netty.buffer_size: 5242880 #5MB buffer
# Since nimbus.task.launch.secs and supervisor.worker.start.timeout.secs are 120, other workers should also wait at least that long before giving up on connecting to the other worker. The reconnection period need also be bigger than storm.zookeeper.session.timeout(default is 20s), so that we can abort the reconnection when the target worker is dead.
storm.messaging.netty.max_retries: 300
storm.messaging.netty.max_wait_ms: 1000
storm.messaging.netty.min_wait_ms: 100
# If the Netty messaging layer is busy(netty internal buffer not writable), the Netty client will try to batch message as more as possible up to the size of storm.messaging.netty.transfer.batch.size bytes, otherwise it will try to flush message as soon as possible to reduce latency.
storm.messaging.netty.transfer.batch.size: 262144
# We check with this interval that whether the Netty channel is writable and try to write pending messages if it is.
storm.messaging.netty.flush.check.interval.ms: 10
### topology.* configs are for specific executing storms
topology.enable.message.timeouts: true
topology.debug: false
topology.workers: 1
topology.acker.executors: null
topology.tasks: null
# maximum amount of time a message has to complete before it's considered failed
topology.message.timeout.secs: 30
topology.multilang.serializer: "backtype.storm.multilang.JsonSerializer"
topology.skip.missing.kryo.registrations: false
topology.max.task.parallelism: null
topology.max.spout.pending: null
topology.state.synchronization.timeout.secs: 60
topology.stats.sample.rate: 0.05
topology.builtin.metrics.bucket.size.secs: 60
topology.fall.back.on.java.serialization: true
topology.worker.childopts: null
topology.executor.receive.buffer.size: 1024 #batched
topology.executor.send.buffer.size: 1024 #individual messages
topology.receiver.buffer.size: 8 # setting it too high causes a lot of problems (heartbeat thread gets starved, throughput plummets)
topology.transfer.buffer.size: 1024 # batched
topology.tick.tuple.freq.secs: null
topology.worker.shared.thread.pool.size: 4
topology.disruptor.wait.strategy: "com.lmax.disruptor.BlockingWaitStrategy"
topology.spout.wait.strategy: "backtype.storm.spout.SleepSpoutWaitStrategy"
topology.sleep.spout.wait.strategy.time.ms: 1
topology.error.throttle.interval.secs: 10
topology.max.error.report.per.interval: 5
topology.kryo.factory: "backtype.storm.serialization.DefaultKryoFactory"
topology.tuple.serializer: "backtype.storm.serialization.types.ListDelegateSerializer"
topology.trident.batch.emit.interval.millis: 500
topology.classpath: null
topology.environment: null
dev.zookeeper.path: "/tmp/dev-storm-zookeeper"
通过上面的defaults.yaml配置可以看出来，很多配置项都可以使用默认的。下面进行Storm的安装配置。
首先解压Storm安装包：tar -zxvf apache-storm-0.9.4.tar.gz
修改配置项：
vim storm.yaml
# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
# or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
# with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
########### These MUST be filled in for a storm configuration
#ZooKeeper的地址配置有两种方式，一种是使用一个虚拟IP，通过Nginx代理到集群的机器上，这种方式客户端使用方便，只需要配置一个地址即可；另外一种是把集群的所有地址都配置起。
storm.zookeeper.servers:
- "10.100.15.1"
# - "server2"
#
storm.zookeeper.port: 8900
nimbus.host: "storm1.com"
storm.log.dir: "/opt/logs/storm"
#
#
# ##### These may optionally be filled in:
#
## List of custom serializations
# topology.kryo.register:
# - org.mycompany.MyType
# - org.mycompany.MyType2: org.mycompany.MyType2Serializer
#
## List of custom kryo decorators
# topology.kryo.decorators:
# - org.mycompany.MyDecorator
#
## Locations of the drpc servers
# drpc.servers:
# - "server1"
# - "server2"
## Metrics Consumers
# topology.metrics.consumer.register:
# - class: "backtype.storm.metric.LoggingMetricsConsumer"
# parallelism.hint: 1
# - class: "org.mycompany.MyMetricsConsumer"
# parallelism.hint: 1
# argument:
# - endpoint: "metrics-collector.mycompany.org"
到此主节点就配置好了，我们验证一下是否能正常启动。
./storm nimbus &
./storm ui &
./storm logviewer &
./storm supervisor &
启动一切正常。
下面接着配置另外两个工作节点，首先把Storm安装包拷贝到其它两台机器上，操作如下：
scp -rp apache-storm-0.9.4 [email protected]:/opt/app/
scp -rp apache-storm-0.9.4 [email protected]:/opt/app/
然后在工作节点上启动supervisor，启动的命令如下：
./storm supervisor &
启动一切正常，但奇怪的问题来了，我们一共启动了3个supervisor，怎么在UI里面只看得到一个呢？
郁闷了一会儿，然后刷新了几下，发现supervisor显示的另外一台机器上的。
仔细一看，怎么两个机器的supervisor的ID怎么是相同的呢？后面上网查了一些相关资料，才知道supervisor的ID是通过storm.local.dir目录的一些文件生成的。到此，我们已经知道问题出在哪里了。我们是先部署的主节点，然后从主节点直接拷贝到工作节点的，所以这个目录下的文件是相同的，这样生成的supervisor的ID肯定就是一样的了。
要想解决这个问题，我们有两种方案。
解决方案一：
直接把默认storm.local.dir目录删除。
解决方案二：
通过修改storm.yaml的配置文件，重新指定目录。我们是采用的此方案，增加配置：storm.local.dir: /opt/data/storm
重启后问题恢复，皆大欢喜！最后的效果：
到此，Storm的集群部署已经完成。
注意：如果机器上有防火墙的话，记得配置防火墙端口。