Docker 安装配置 Nginx服务器（详细）

 

方法一、docker pull nginx(推荐)

查找 Docker Hub 上的 nginx 镜像

runoob@runoob:~/nginx$ docker search nginx
NAME                      DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
nginx                     Official build of Nginx.                        3260      [OK]       
jwilder/nginx-proxy       Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker c...   674                  [OK]
richarvey/nginx-php-fpm   Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable ...   207                  [OK]
million12/nginx-php       Nginx + PHP-FPM 5.5, 5.6, 7.0 (NG), CentOS...   67                   [OK]
maxexcloo/nginx-php       Docker framework container with Nginx and ...   57                   [OK]
webdevops/php-nginx       Nginx with PHP-FPM                              39                   [OK]
h3nrik/nginx-ldap         NGINX web server with LDAP/AD, SSL and pro...   27                   [OK]
bitnami/nginx             Bitnami nginx Docker Image                      19                   [OK]
maxexcloo/nginx           Docker framework container with Nginx inst...   7                    [OK]
...

这里我们拉取官方的镜像

runoob@runoob:~/nginx$ docker pull nginx

等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到 REPOSITORY 为 nginx 的镜像。

runoob@runoob:~/nginx$ docker images nginx
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx               latest              555bbd91e13c        3 days ago          182.8 MB

方法二、通过 Dockerfile 构建(不推荐)

创建 Dockerfile

首先，创建目录 nginx, 用于存放后面的相关东西。

runoob@runoob:~$ mkdir -p ~/nginx/www ~/nginx/logs ~/nginx/conf

www: 目录将映射为 nginx 容器配置的虚拟目录。

logs: 目录将映射为 nginx 容器的日志目录。

conf: 目录里的配置文件将映射为 nginx 容器的配置文件。

进入创建的 nginx 目录，创建 Dockerfile 文件，内容如下：

FROM debian:stretch-slim

LABEL maintainer="NGINX Docker Maintainers <[email protected]>"

ENV NGINX_VERSION 1.14.0-1~stretch
ENV NJS_VERSION   1.14.0.0.2.0-1~stretch

RUN set -x \
    && apt-get update \
    && apt-get install --no-install-recommends --no-install-suggests -y gnupg1 apt-transport-https ca-certificates \
    && \
    NGINX_GPGKEY=573BFD6B3D8FBC641079A6ABABF5BD827BD9BF62; \
    found=''; \
    for server in \
        ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net \
        hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 \
        hkp://p80.pool.sks-keyservers.net:80 \
        pgp.mit.edu \
    ; do \
        echo "Fetching GPG key $NGINX_GPGKEY from $server"; \
        apt-key adv --keyserver "$server" --keyserver-options timeout=10 --recv-keys "$NGINX_GPGKEY" && found=yes && break; \
    done; \
    test -z "$found" && echo >&2 "error: failed to fetch GPG key $NGINX_GPGKEY" && exit 1; \
    apt-get remove --purge --auto-remove -y gnupg1 && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
    && dpkgArch="$(dpkg --print-architecture)" \
    && nginxPackages=" \
        nginx=${NGINX_VERSION} \
        nginx-module-xslt=${NGINX_VERSION} \
        nginx-module-geoip=${NGINX_VERSION} \
        nginx-module-image-filter=${NGINX_VERSION} \
        nginx-module-njs=${NJS_VERSION} \
    " \
    && case "$dpkgArch" in \
        amd64|i386) \
# arches officialy built by upstream
            echo "deb https://nginx.org/packages/debian/ stretch nginx" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list \
            && apt-get update \
            ;; \
        *) \
# we're on an architecture upstream doesn't officially build for
# let's build binaries from the published source packages
            echo "deb-src https://nginx.org/packages/debian/ stretch nginx" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list \
            \
# new directory for storing sources and .deb files
            && tempDir="$(mktemp -d)" \
            && chmod 777 "$tempDir" \
# (777 to ensure APT's "_apt" user can access it too)
            \
# save list of currently-installed packages so build dependencies can be cleanly removed later
            && savedAptMark="$(apt-mark showmanual)" \
            \
# build .deb files from upstream's source packages (which are verified by apt-get)
            && apt-get update \
            && apt-get build-dep -y $nginxPackages \
            && ( \
                cd "$tempDir" \
                && DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS="nocheck parallel=$(nproc)" \
                    apt-get source --compile $nginxPackages \
            ) \
# we don't remove APT lists here because they get re-downloaded and removed later
            \
# reset apt-mark's "manual" list so that "purge --auto-remove" will remove all build dependencies
# (which is done after we install the built packages so we don't have to redownload any overlapping dependencies)
            && apt-mark showmanual | xargs apt-mark auto > /dev/null \
            && { [ -z "$savedAptMark" ] || apt-mark manual $savedAptMark; } \
            \
# create a temporary local APT repo to install from (so that dependency resolution can be handled by APT, as it should be)
            && ls -lAFh "$tempDir" \
            && ( cd "$tempDir" && dpkg-scanpackages . > Packages ) \
            && grep '^Package: ' "$tempDir/Packages" \
            && echo "deb [ trusted=yes ] file://$tempDir ./" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/temp.list \
# work around the following APT issue by using "Acquire::GzipIndexes=false" (overriding "/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/docker-gzip-indexes")
#   Could not open file /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/_tmp_tmp.ODWljpQfkE_._Packages - open (13: Permission denied)
#   ...
#   E: Failed to fetch store:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/_tmp_tmp.ODWljpQfkE_._Packages  Could not open file /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/_tmp_tmp.ODWljpQfkE_._Packages - open (13: Permission denied)
            && apt-get -o Acquire::GzipIndexes=false update \
            ;; \
    esac \
    \
    && apt-get install --no-install-recommends --no-install-suggests -y \
                        $nginxPackages \
                        gettext-base \
    && apt-get remove --purge --auto-remove -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list \
    \
# if we have leftovers from building, let's purge them (including extra, unnecessary build deps)
    && if [ -n "$tempDir" ]; then \
        apt-get purge -y --auto-remove \
        && rm -rf "$tempDir" /etc/apt/sources.list.d/temp.list; \
    fi

# forward request and error logs to docker log collector
RUN ln -sf /dev/stdout /var/log/nginx/access.log \
    && ln -sf /dev/stderr /var/log/nginx/error.log

EXPOSE 80

STOPSIGNAL SIGTERM

CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

通过 Dockerfile 创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字。

docker build -t nginx .

创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像

runoob@runoob:~/nginx$ docker images nginx
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx               latest              555bbd91e13c        3 days ago          182.8 MB

---

使用 nginx 镜像

运行容器

runoob@runoob:docker run -p 9090:80 --name nginx -v $PWD/www:/www -v $PWD/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v $PWD/logs:/wwwlogs  -v $PWD/conf/nginx-conf:/etc/nginx/nginx-conf -d nginx
45c89fab0bf9ad643bc7ab571f3ccd65379b844498f54a7c8a4e7ca1dc3a2c1e
runoob@runoob:~/nginx$

命令说明：

• -p 9090:80：将容器的80端口映射到主机的80端口（因此配置容器的nginx的监听端口时，一定要配置为80端口）

• --name mynginx：将容器命名为mynginx

• -v $PWD/www:/www：将主机中当前目录下的www挂载到容器的/www（配置容器的nginx的静态文件根路径也为/www）

• -v $PWD/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf：将主机中当前目录下的nginx.conf挂载到容器的/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

• -v $PWD/logs:/wwwlogs：将主机中当前目录下的logs挂载到容器的/wwwlogs

• 记得进入容器，执行命令nginx -s reload

• 如果发现在浏览器中输入url无法访问到页面，首先应该进入容器，查看是否配置正确，可以执行命令nginx -T检查，主要查看端口，静态文件的根路径是否和容器中的一致（不是和宿主机的一致）

目录结果如下：

.
├── conf
│   ├── nginx-conf
│   │   └── erp_manage.conf
│   └── nginx.conf
├── logs
└── www
    └── index.html

nginx的配置文件如下：

$PWD/conf/nginx.conf

worker_processes	4;
worker_rlimit_nofile 10000;
#worker_shutdown_timeout	300;

error_log			/var/log/nginx/error.log debug;
#error_log			/var/log/nginx/nitice.log  notice;
#error_log			/var/log/nginx/info.log  info;

#pid					logs/nginx.pid;
#user charlie staff;

events {
	worker_connections  1024;
    multi_accept on;
#	use epoll;
}

http {

	access_log		/var/log/nginx/access.log combined;
	open_file_cache max=200000 inactive=20s;
	open_file_cache_valid 30s;
	open_file_cache_min_uses 2;
	open_file_cache_errors on;
	reset_timedout_connection on;
	client_body_timeout 200s; # Use 5s for high-traffic sites
	client_header_timeout 200s;


	include			mime.types;

 ##
# Basic Settings
##
	sendfile on;

	tcp_nopush on;
	tcp_nodelay on;
	keepalive_timeout 900;
	keepalive_requests 10000;
	types_hash_max_size 2048;
	#proxy_buffering off;
	proxy_connect_timeout 1600;
	proxy_send_timeout 1600;
	proxy_read_timeout 1600;
	send_timeout 1600;
	default_type application/octet-stream;

	gzip on;
	gzip_disable "msie6";
	server_names_hash_max_size	1024;
	include			nginx-conf/*;

}

$PWD/conf/nginx-conf/erp_manage.conf

server {
	listen       80;
	server_name  html.com	www.html.com;

	root		/www;
	index		index.html index.htm index.php;

	access_log  /var/log/nginx/customer.access.log;
	error_log  /var/log/nginx/customer.error.log;
#error_log  /etc/nginx/logs/erp_platform.error.log;
	rewrite_log	on;

	error_page	404			/404.html;
	location =	/404.html {
		return	404 'sorry, file not found!';
	}

	error_page	500 502 503 504	/50x.html;
	location =	/50x.html {
		root	/usr/local/nginx/html;
	}

	location / {
		try_files $uri @rewrite;
	}

	location @rewrite {
		set		$static 0;

		if ($uri ~ \.(css|js|jpg|jpeg|png|gif|ico|woff|eot|svg|css\.map|min\.map)$) {
			set	$static 1;
		}

		if ($static = 0) {
			rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php?s=/$1 last ;
		}

	}


	location ~ /Uploads/.*\.php$ {
		 deny	all;
	}

	location ~ \.php/ {
		if ($request_uri ~ ^(.+\.php)(/.+?)($|\?)) { }
		fastcgi_pass	127.0.0.1:9000;
		fastcgi_index	index.php;
		include			fastcgi_params;
		fastcgi_param	SCRIPT_NAME     $1;
		fastcgi_param	PATH_INFO       $2;
		fastcgi_param	SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$1;
	}

	location ~ \.php$ {
		fastcgi_index	index.php;
		fastcgi_pass	127.0.0.1:9000;
		fastcgi_param	SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
		include			fastcgi_params;
	}

	location ~ /\.ht {
		deny			all;
	}
}

查看容器启动情况

runoob@runoob:~/nginx$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE        COMMAND                      PORTS                         NAMES
45c89fab0bf9        nginx        "nginx -g 'daemon off"  ...  0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 443/tcp   mynginx
f2fa96138d71        tomcat       "catalina.sh run"       ...  0.0.0.0:81->8080/tcp          tomcat

通过浏览器访问

 参考链接：

http://www.runoob.com/docker/docker-install-nginx.html