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job介绍
Job: 批量一次性任务，并保证处理的一个或者多个Pod成功结束
- 非并行Job:
- 固定完成次数的并行Job:
- 带有工作队列的并行Job:
SPEC参数
- .spec.completions: 指定job成功运行Pods的次数。默认值: 1
- .spec.parallelism: 指定job并发运行Pods的数量。默认值: 1
- .spec.activeDeadlineSeconds: 指定job可运行的时间期限。
- .spec.backoffLimit: 指定job失败后进行重试的次数。默认是6次，每次失败后重试会有延迟时间，该时间是指数级增长，最长时间是6min。
0. 入口NewControllerInitializers函数
注册job，controllers["job"] = startJobController
// NewControllerInitializers is a public map of named controller groups (you can start more than one in an init func)
// paired to their InitFunc. This allows for structured downstream composition and subdivision.
func NewControllerInitializers(loopMode ControllerLoopMode) map[string]InitFunc {
controllers := map[string]InitFunc{}
controllers["daemonset"] = startDaemonSetController
controllers["job"] = startJobController
return controllers
}1. startJobController函数
- 调用NewJobController函数构造对象
- 调用其Run方法执行主要逻辑
func startJobController(ctx ControllerContext) (http.Handler, bool, error) {
if !ctx.AvailableResources[schema.GroupVersionResource{Group: "batch", Version: "v1", Resource: "jobs"}] {
return nil, false, nil
}
go job.NewJobController(
ctx.InformerFactory.Core().V1().Pods(),
ctx.InformerFactory.Batch().V1().Jobs(),
ctx.ClientBuilder.ClientOrDie("job-controller"),
).Run(int(ctx.ComponentConfig.JobController.ConcurrentJobSyncs), ctx.Stop)
return nil, true, nil
}2. NewJobController函数
2.1 初始化JobController结构体
- 注册jobInformer 的Add、Update、Delete 函数
- 注册 podInformer 的Add、Update、Delete 函数
- jm.syncHandler = jm.syncJob核心函数
jm := &JobController{
kubeClient: kubeClient,
podControl: controller.RealPodControl{
KubeClient: kubeClient,
Recorder: eventBroadcaster.NewRecorder(scheme.Scheme, v1.EventSource{Component: "job-controller"}),
},
expectations: controller.NewControllerExpectations(),
queue: workqueue.NewNamedRateLimitingQueue(workqueue.NewItemExponentialFailureRateLimiter(DefaultJobBackOff, MaxJobBackOff), "job"),
recorder: eventBroadcaster.NewRecorder(scheme.Scheme, v1.EventSource{Component: "job-controller"}),
}
jobInformer.Informer().AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
AddFunc: func(obj interface{}) {
jm.enqueueController(obj, true)
},
UpdateFunc: jm.updateJob,
DeleteFunc: func(obj interface{}) {
jm.enqueueController(obj, true)
},
})
jm.jobLister = jobInformer.Lister()
jm.jobStoreSynced = jobInformer.Informer().HasSynced
podInformer.Informer().AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
AddFunc: jm.addPod,
UpdateFunc: jm.updatePod,
DeleteFunc: jm.deletePod,
})
jm.podStore = podInformer.Lister()
jm.podStoreSynced = podInformer.Informer().HasSynced
jm.updateHandler = jm.updateJobStatus
jm.syncHandler = jm.syncJob3. Run函数
启动n个goroutine间隔1s执行worker函数
// Run the main goroutine responsible for watching and syncing jobs.
func (jm *JobController) Run(workers int, stopCh <-chan struct{}) {
defer utilruntime.HandleCrash()
defer jm.queue.ShutDown()
glog.Infof("Starting job controller")
defer glog.Infof("Shutting down job controller")
if !controller.WaitForCacheSync("job", stopCh, jm.podStoreSynced, jm.jobStoreSynced) {
return
}
for i := 0; i < workers; i++ {
go wait.Until(jm.worker, time.Second, stopCh)
}
<-stopCh
}3.1 worker函数
队列取数据调用核心函数syncHandler处理，也就是syncJob函数
// worker runs a worker thread that just dequeues items, processes them, and marks them done.
// It enforces that the syncHandler is never invoked concurrently with the same key.
func (jm *JobController) worker() {
for jm.processNextWorkItem() {
}
}
func (jm *JobController) processNextWorkItem() bool {
key, quit := jm.queue.Get()
if quit {
return false
}
defer jm.queue.Done(key)
forget, err := jm.syncHandler(key.(string))
if err == nil {
if forget {
jm.queue.Forget(key)
}
return true
}
utilruntime.HandleError(fmt.Errorf("Error syncing job: %v", err))
jm.queue.AddRateLimited(key)
return true
}4. syncJob函数
4.1 获得job信息，如果执行完则直接返回
- c.Type == batch.JobComplete || c.Type == batch.JobFailed
- c.Status == v1.ConditionTrue
ns, name, err := cache.SplitMetaNamespaceKey(key)
if err != nil {
return false, err
}
if len(ns) == 0 || len(name) == 0 {
return false, fmt.Errorf("invalid job key %q: either namespace or name is missing", key)
}
sharedJob, err := jm.jobLister.Jobs(ns).Get(name)
if err != nil {
if errors.IsNotFound(err) {
glog.V(4).Infof("Job has been deleted: %v", key)
jm.expectations.DeleteExpectations(key)
return true, nil
}
return false, err
}
job := *sharedJob
// if job was finished previously, we don't want to redo the termination
if IsJobFinished(&job) {
return true, nil
}4.2 getPodsForJob函数
获取该job下所有的pod，主要靠label selector获得
// getPodsForJob returns the set of pods that this Job should manage.
// It also reconciles ControllerRef by adopting/orphaning.
// Note that the returned Pods are pointers into the cache.
func (jm *JobController) getPodsForJob(j *batch.Job) ([]*v1.Pod, error) {
selector, err := metav1.LabelSelectorAsSelector(j.Spec.Selector)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("couldn't convert Job selector: %v", err)
}
// List all pods to include those that don't match the selector anymore
// but have a ControllerRef pointing to this controller.
pods, err := jm.podStore.Pods(j.Namespace).List(labels.Everything())
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
// If any adoptions are attempted, we should first recheck for deletion
// with an uncached quorum read sometime after listing Pods (see #42639).
canAdoptFunc := controller.RecheckDeletionTimestamp(func() (metav1.Object, error) {
fresh, err := jm.kubeClient.BatchV1().Jobs(j.Namespace).Get(j.Name, metav1.GetOptions{})
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if fresh.UID != j.UID {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("original Job %v/%v is gone: got uid %v, wanted %v", j.Namespace, j.Name, fresh.UID, j.UID)
}
return fresh, nil
})
cm := controller.NewPodControllerRefManager(jm.podControl, j, selector, controllerKind, canAdoptFunc)
return cm.ClaimPods(pods)
}4.3 获得active pod（不是success，不是failed，不是删除的）
首次执行，设置start time，如果设置了deadline则加入队列中
activePods := controller.FilterActivePods(pods)
active := int32(len(activePods))
succeeded, failed := getStatus(pods)
conditions := len(job.Status.Conditions)
// job first start
if job.Status.StartTime == nil {
now := metav1.Now()
job.Status.StartTime = &now
// enqueue a sync to check if job past ActiveDeadlineSeconds
if job.Spec.ActiveDeadlineSeconds != nil {
glog.V(4).Infof("Job %s have ActiveDeadlineSeconds will sync after %d seconds",
key, *job.Spec.ActiveDeadlineSeconds)
jm.queue.AddAfter(key, time.Duration(*job.Spec.ActiveDeadlineSeconds)*time.Second)
}
}4.4 失败标注失败原因
jobHaveNewFailure := failed > job.Status.Failed
// new failures happen when status does not reflect the failures and active
// is different than parallelism, otherwise the previous controller loop
// failed updating status so even if we pick up failure it is not a new one
exceedsBackoffLimit := jobHaveNewFailure && (active != *job.Spec.Parallelism) &&
(int32(previousRetry)+1 > *job.Spec.BackoffLimit)
if exceedsBackoffLimit || pastBackoffLimitOnFailure(&job, pods) {
// check if the number of pod restart exceeds backoff (for restart OnFailure only)
// OR if the number of failed jobs increased since the last syncJob
jobFailed = true
failureReason = "BackoffLimitExceeded"
failureMessage = "Job has reached the specified backoff limit"
} else if pastActiveDeadline(&job) {
jobFailed = true
failureReason = "DeadlineExceeded"
failureMessage = "Job was active longer than specified deadline"
}4.5 job失败的情况
- 失败了调用deleteJobPods并发删除active pod
- 并相应的更新job状态
if jobFailed {
errCh := make(chan error, active)
jm.deleteJobPods(&job, activePods, errCh)
select {
case manageJobErr = <-errCh:
if manageJobErr != nil {
break
}
default:
}
// update status values accordingly
failed += active
active = 0
job.Status.Conditions = append(job.Status.Conditions, newCondition(batch.JobFailed, failureReason, failureMessage))
jm.recorder.Event(&job, v1.EventTypeWarning, failureReason, failureMessage)
}4.6 job未失败的情况
- job是否需要sync，且job 未删除调用mangeJob(第5章节讲解)
- Completions 代表job成功创建指定数量的pods --> 成功
else {
if jobNeedsSync && job.DeletionTimestamp == nil {
active, manageJobErr = jm.manageJob(activePods, succeeded, &job)
}
completions := succeeded
complete := false
if job.Spec.Completions == nil {
// This type of job is complete when any pod exits with success.
// Each pod is capable of
// determining whether or not the entire Job is done. Subsequent pods are
// not expected to fail, but if they do, the failure is ignored. Once any
// pod succeeds, the controller waits for remaining pods to finish, and
// then the job is complete.
if succeeded > 0 && active == 0 {
complete = true
}
} else {
// Job specifies a number of completions. This type of job signals
// success by having that number of successes. Since we do not
// start more pods than there are remaining completions, there should
// not be any remaining active pods once this count is reached.
if completions >= *job.Spec.Completions {
complete = true
if active > 0 {
jm.recorder.Event(&job, v1.EventTypeWarning, "TooManyActivePods", "Too many active pods running after completion count reached")
}
if completions > *job.Spec.Completions {
jm.recorder.Event(&job, v1.EventTypeWarning, "TooManySucceededPods", "Too many succeeded pods running after completion count reached")
}
}
}
if complete {
job.Status.Conditions = append(job.Status.Conditions, newCondition(batch.JobComplete, "", ""))
now := metav1.Now()
job.Status.CompletionTime = &now
}
}5. manageJob函数
5.1 active > parallelism情况
排序 not-ready < ready, unscheduled < scheduled, and pending < running
按照排序后的优先，删除并发数量与期待的数量多出来的pod
var errCh chan error
if active > parallelism {
diff := active - parallelism
errCh = make(chan error, diff)
jm.expectations.ExpectDeletions(jobKey, int(diff))
glog.V(4).Infof("Too many pods running job %q, need %d, deleting %d", jobKey, parallelism, diff)
// Sort the pods in the order such that not-ready < ready, unscheduled
// < scheduled, and pending < running. This ensures that we delete pods
// in the earlier stages whenever possible.
sort.Sort(controller.ActivePods(activePods))
active -= diff
wait := sync.WaitGroup{}
wait.Add(int(diff))
for i := int32(0); i < diff; i++ {
go func(ix int32) {
defer wait.Done()
if err := jm.podControl.DeletePod(job.Namespace, activePods[ix].Name, job); err != nil {
defer utilruntime.HandleError(err)
// Decrement the expected number of deletes because the informer won't observe this deletion
glog.V(2).Infof("Failed to delete %v, decrementing expectations for job %q/%q", activePods[ix].Name, job.Namespace, job.Name)
jm.expectations.DeletionObserved(jobKey)
activeLock.Lock()
active++
activeLock.Unlock()
errCh <- err
}
}(i)
}
wait.Wait()
}5.2 active < parallelism情况
batch创建pod使用慢开始算法
} else if active < parallelism {
wantActive := int32(0)
if job.Spec.Completions == nil {
// Job does not specify a number of completions. Therefore, number active
// should be equal to parallelism, unless the job has seen at least
// once success, in which leave whatever is running, running.
if succeeded > 0 {
wantActive = active
} else {
wantActive = parallelism
}
} else {
// Job specifies a specific number of completions. Therefore, number
// active should not ever exceed number of remaining completions.
wantActive = *job.Spec.Completions - succeeded
if wantActive > parallelism {
wantActive = parallelism
}
}
diff := wantActive - active
if diff < 0 {
utilruntime.HandleError(fmt.Errorf("More active than wanted: job %q, want %d, have %d", jobKey, wantActive, active))
diff = 0
}
jm.expectations.ExpectCreations(jobKey, int(diff))
errCh = make(chan error, diff)
glog.V(4).Infof("Too few pods running job %q, need %d, creating %d", jobKey, wantActive, diff)
active += diff
wait := sync.WaitGroup{}
// Batch the pod creates. Batch sizes start at SlowStartInitialBatchSize
// and double with each successful iteration in a kind of "slow start".
// This handles attempts to start large numbers of pods that would
// likely all fail with the same error. For example a project with a
// low quota that attempts to create a large number of pods will be
// prevented from spamming the API service with the pod create requests
// after one of its pods fails. Conveniently, this also prevents the
// event spam that those failures would generate.
for batchSize := int32(integer.IntMin(int(diff), controller.SlowStartInitialBatchSize)); diff > 0; batchSize = integer.Int32Min(2*batchSize, diff) {
errorCount := len(errCh)
wait.Add(int(batchSize))
for i := int32(0); i < batchSize; i++ {
go func() {
defer wait.Done()
err := jm.podControl.CreatePodsWithControllerRef(job.Namespace, &job.Spec.Template, job, metav1.NewControllerRef(job, controllerKind))
if err != nil && errors.IsTimeout(err) {
// Pod is created but its initialization has timed out.
// If the initialization is successful eventually, the
// controller will observe the creation via the informer.
// If the initialization fails, or if the pod keeps
// uninitialized for a long time, the informer will not
// receive any update, and the controller will create a new
// pod when the expectation expires.
return
}
if err != nil {
defer utilruntime.HandleError(err)
// Decrement the expected number of creates because the informer won't observe this pod
glog.V(2).Infof("Failed creation, decrementing expectations for job %q/%q", job.Namespace, job.Name)
jm.expectations.CreationObserved(jobKey)
activeLock.Lock()
active--
activeLock.Unlock()
errCh <- err
}
}()
}
wait.Wait()
// any skipped pods that we never attempted to start shouldn't be expected.
skippedPods := diff - batchSize
if errorCount < len(errCh) && skippedPods > 0 {
glog.V(2).Infof("Slow-start failure. Skipping creation of %d pods, decrementing expectations for job %q/%q", skippedPods, job.Namespace, job.Name)
active -= skippedPods
for i := int32(0); i < skippedPods; i++ {
// Decrement the expected number of creates because the informer won't observe this pod
jm.expectations.CreationObserved(jobKey)
}
// The skipped pods will be retried later. The next controller resync will
// retry the slow start process.
break
}
diff -= batchSize
}
}