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之前有篇文章是讲键盘改键，即把一个键盘键的功能改成另一种功能或组合功能。https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38261174/article/details/84952878
这篇文章主要是讲在没有物理键盘的情况下，如何用软件替代物理键盘的功能，从而实现软键盘。
Windows提供了一个模拟键盘API函数Keybd_event（），该函数能触发一个按键事件，也就是说会产生一个WM_KEYDOWN或WM_KEYUP消息。
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "keybd_event")]
public static extern void keybd_event(
byte bVk, //虚拟键值
byte bScan,// 一般为0
int dwFlags, //这里是整数类型 0 为按下，2为释放
int dwExtraInfo //这里是整数类型 一般情况下设成为 0
);界面设计如下:
代码如下：
using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace SoftKeyBoard {
public partial class Form1 : Form {
#region 把当前窗体设置为浮动工具条。不会影响其它进程的窗体的光标焦点。虽然这个窗体现在为当前激活的前台窗体，但光标仍然停在其他进程的窗体上
private const int WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW = 0x00000080;
private const int WS_EX_NOACTIVATE = 0x08000000;
//重写该方法实现窗体变为浮动工具条，不获取光标焦点
protected override CreateParams CreateParams {
get {
CreateParams cp = base.CreateParams;
cp.ExStyle |= (WS_EX_NOACTIVATE | WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW);
cp.Parent = IntPtr.Zero;
return cp;
}
}
#endregion
public Form1() {
this.TopMost = true;
InitializeComponent();
}
//模拟键盘API 键值用byte最准确
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "keybd_event", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern void keybd_event1(byte bVk, byte bScan, uint dwFlags, uint dwExtraInfo);
#region 系统全局 大小写按键
bool isCapitalization = false; //是否大写，默认小写
private void 大小写_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) {
const int KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY = 0x1;
const int KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = 0x2;
keybd_event1(0x14, 0x45, KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY, 0);
keybd_event1(0x14, 0x45, KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY | KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, 0);
if (!isCapitalization) {
this.label1.Text = "目前：大写";
isCapitalization = true;
this.大小写.BackColor = Color.Blue;
}
else {
this.label1.Text = "目前：小写";
isCapitalization = false;
this.大小写.BackColor = Color.White;
}
}
#endregion
//模拟键盘API 和上面的API参数类型有区别 键值用Keys，大部分准确
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "keybd_event", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern void keybd_event(Keys bVk, byte bScan, uint dwFlags, uint dwExtraInfo);
#region 系统全局 windows键
private void Windows_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) {
keybd_event(Keys.LWin, 0, 0, 0);
keybd_event(Keys.LWin, 0, 2, 0);
//注意点：一定要按下，再释放，有些功能才会有果（ctrl shift 等）。 0代表按下，2代表释放
//下面2行代码同样可以做到 系统全局-大小写
//keybd_event(Keys.CapsLock,0,0,0);
//keybd_event(Keys.CapsLock, 0, 2, 0);
}
#endregion
#region Ctrl 是否按下
bool isCtrl = false;
private void CtrlClick(object sender, EventArgs e) {
if (!isCtrl) {
isCtrl = true;
this.label2.Text = "ctrl已按下";
this.button80.BackColor = Color.Blue;
}
else {
isCtrl = false;
this.label2.Text = "ctrl未按下";
this.button80.BackColor = Color.White;
}
}
#endregion
#region 数字键 多个虚拟数字键按钮-统一监听
private void NUmberClick(object sender, EventArgs e) {
int number = Convert.ToInt32(((Button)sender).Text); //0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
switch (number) {
case 0:
keybd_event(Keys.D0, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case 1:
keybd_event(Keys.D1, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case 2:
keybd_event(Keys.D2, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case 3:
keybd_event(Keys.D3, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case 4:
keybd_event(Keys.D4, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case 5:
keybd_event(Keys.D5, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case 6:
keybd_event(Keys.D6, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case 7:
keybd_event(Keys.D7, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case 8:
keybd_event(Keys.D8, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case 9:
keybd_event(Keys.D9, 0, 0, 0);
break;
}
}
#endregion
#region 字母键，组合键 多个虚拟字母键按钮-统一监听
private void CharClick(object sender, EventArgs e) {
String cr = ((Button)sender).Text;
switch (cr) {
case "a":
if (isCtrl) { //组合键 ctrl + a 示例：其它组合键，自行摸索
keybd_event(Keys.ControlKey, 0, 0, 0);
keybd_event(Keys.A, 0, 0, 0);
keybd_event(Keys.ControlKey, 0, 2, 0);
keybd_event(Keys.A, 0, 2, 0);
}
else {
keybd_event(Keys.A, 0, 0, 0);
}
break;
case "b":
keybd_event(Keys.B, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "c":
keybd_event(Keys.C, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "d":
keybd_event(Keys.D, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "e":
keybd_event(Keys.E, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "f":
keybd_event(Keys.F, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "g":
keybd_event(Keys.G, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "h":
keybd_event(Keys.H, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "i":
keybd_event(Keys.I, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "j":
keybd_event(Keys.J, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "k":
keybd_event(Keys.K, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "l":
keybd_event(Keys.L, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "m":
keybd_event(Keys.M, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "n":
keybd_event(Keys.N, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "o":
keybd_event(Keys.O, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "p":
keybd_event(Keys.P, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "q":
keybd_event(Keys.Q, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "r":
keybd_event(Keys.R, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "s":
keybd_event(Keys.S, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "t":
keybd_event(Keys.T, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "u":
keybd_event(Keys.U, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "v":
keybd_event(Keys.V, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "w":
keybd_event(Keys.W, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "x":
keybd_event(Keys.X, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "y":
keybd_event(Keys.Y, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "z":
keybd_event(Keys.Z, 0, 0, 0);
break;
}
}
#endregion
#region F1-F12 虚拟键统一监听
private void FnClick(object sender, EventArgs e) {
String fn = ((Button)sender).Text;
switch (fn) {
case "F1":
keybd_event(Keys.F1, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "F2":
keybd_event(Keys.F2, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "F3":
keybd_event(Keys.F3, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "F4":
keybd_event(Keys.F4, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "F5":
keybd_event(Keys.F5, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "F6":
keybd_event(Keys.F6, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "F7":
keybd_event(Keys.F7, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "F8":
keybd_event(Keys.F8, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "F9":
keybd_event(Keys.F9, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "F10":
keybd_event(Keys.F10, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "F11":
keybd_event(Keys.F11, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "F12":
keybd_event(Keys.F12, 0, 0, 0);
break;
}
}
#endregion
#region 右边符号键 统一监听 未完成全部代码
private void LeftOtherClick(object sender, EventArgs e) {
String otherChar = ((Button)sender).Text;
switch (otherChar) {
case "BackSpace":
keybd_event(Keys.Back, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case "Enter":
keybd_event(Keys.Enter, 0, 0, 0);
break;
case " ":
keybd_event(Keys.Space, 0, 0, 0);
break;
//case "#":
// break;
//case "$":
// break;
//case "%":
// break;
//case "^":
// break;
//case "&&":
// break;
//case "*":
// break;
//case "(":
// break;
//case ")":
// break;
//case "":
// break;
//case "":
// break;
//todo other
}
}
#endregion
//除了调用 user32.dll 实现模拟按键外，还有另外一种 SendKeys
//组合键：Ctrl = ^ Shift = + Alt = %
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) {
//括号中的内容就是虚拟按键的内容，可以有如下值：
//ENTER BACKSPACE END HOME DELETE + - * / \\ 等...
SendKeys.Send("^+"); //ctrl + shift 由于用上面的user32.dll 我没解决 ctrl +shift组合键的问题，所以这里可以解决
//SendKeys.Send("a"); //a 区分大小写
//SendKeys.Send("^{A}"); //ctrl + A
}
}
}
实现软键盘，有几个需要注意的地方：
- 窗体要设置为浮动工具条，不获取其它窗体的光标焦点。不然的话，虚拟按键不知道在哪里输出
- 有一些特殊的键用user32.dll方法模拟时一定要 按下（0）和释放（2）两行代码才起作用。
完！