使用Spring MVC Interceptor拦截记录敏感操作

1. 需求描述

某内部管理系统采用Spring MVC搭建，用户可以登录系统进行CRUD以及其他的一些日常管理操作。现在希望对某些敏感操作（譬如修改重要数据）进行拦截，在日志中记录下该操作的执行人，操作时间，操作名称，传入参数以及返回结果等信息，以便万一出问题后追究查验。

2. 解决思路

有两种方案：

（1）把对应的MVC方法使用AOP去拦截，这个是方法级别的拦截；

（2）使用Spring MVC Interceptor去拦截，这个是基于URL的拦截。

那么，如何选择呢？考虑到我们这个是WEB项目，只有登录用户才能执行管理操作，而登录用户的用户信息一般放在Session里，使用基于URL拦截的方法便于提取Session数据；而且，被Spring MVC @Controller注解的类，都被AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter给代理了，使用AOP进行拦截的话需要做些特殊处理。所以，在这里我们选择使用Interceptor拦截。

3. 具体实现

（1）Spring配置文件

在beans头部标签加入：

...

xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

...

xsi:schemaLocation="...

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd

..."

然后加上mvc:interceptors拦截声明：

<mvc:interceptors>
    <mvc:interceptor>
        <mvc:mapping path="/**"/><!--拦截所有controller-->
        <mvc:exclude-mapping  path="/js/**" />
        <mvc:exclude-mapping  path="/css/**" />
        <mvc:exclude-mapping  path="/img/**" />
        <mvc:exclude-mapping  path="*.woff" />
        <mvc:exclude-mapping  path="*.ico" />
        <mvc:exclude-mapping  path="*.swf" />
        <mvc:exclude-mapping  path="*.png" />
        <bean id="log4UpdateOrDeleteInterceptor"
class="com.XXX.testmvc.interceptor.Log4UpdateOrDeleteInterceptor"></bean>
    </mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>

Spring的拦截路径采用了AntPathMatcher的方式。以下是引用自官方的说明：

The mapping matches URLs using the following rules:

? matches one character
* matches zero or more characters
** matches zero or more 'directories' in a path

Some examples:

com/t?st.jsp - matches com/test.jsp but also com/tast.jsp or com/txst.jsp
com/*.jsp - matches all .jsp files in the com directory
com/**/test.jsp - matches all test.jsp files underneath the com path
org/springframework/**/*.jsp - matches all .jsp files underneath the org/springframework path
org/**/servlet/bla.jsp - matches org/springframework/servlet/bla.jsp but also org/springframework/testing/servlet/bla.jsp and org/servlet/bla.jsp

（2）实现拦截器

继承HandlerInterceptorAdapter并按需覆写里面的preHandle和postHandle方法即可。

/**
 * 拦截敏感操作并记录到日志
 * 
 * @author lixuanbin
 */
public class Log4UpdateOrDeleteInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {
	protected static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(Log4UpdateOrDeleteInterceptor.class);

	public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
			Object handler) throws Exception {
		HttpSession session = request.getSession();
		String requestUri = request.getRequestURI();
		log.debug("request uri:" + requestUri);
		String contextPath = request.getContextPath();
		String url = requestUri.substring(contextPath.length());
		if (StringUtils.contains(url, "add") || StringUtils.contains(url, "edit")
				|| StringUtils.contains(url, "delete")) {
			String user = session.getAttribute(SessionKey.USERNAME_SESSION_NAME) != null ? (String) session
					.getAttribute(SessionKey.USERNAME_SESSION_NAME) : null;
			StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
			Enumeration<String> a = null;
			a = request.getParameterNames();
			while (a.hasMoreElements()) {
				String key = a.nextElement();
				sb.append(key + ":" + request.getParameter(key) + ", ");
			}
			log.warn(String.format("FBI request warning! user: %s, url: %s, params: {%s}", user,
					url, StringUtils.removeEnd(StringUtils.trim(sb.toString()), ",")));
		}
		return true;
	}

	public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object o,
			ModelAndView mav) throws Exception {
		HttpSession session = request.getSession();
		String requestUri = request.getRequestURI();
		log.debug("request uri:" + requestUri);
		String contextPath = request.getContextPath();
		String url = requestUri.substring(contextPath.length());
		if ((StringUtils.contains(url, "add") || StringUtils.contains(url, "edit") || StringUtils
				.contains(url, "delete")) && mav != null) {
			String user = session.getAttribute(SessionKey.USERNAME_SESSION_NAME) != null ? (String) session
					.getAttribute(SessionKey.USERNAME_SESSION_NAME) : null;
			Map<String, Object> map = mav.getModel();
			StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
			for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : map.entrySet()) {
				sb.append(entry.getKey() + ":"
						+ (entry.getValue() != null ? entry.getValue().toString() : null) + ", ");
			}
			log.warn(String.format("FBI response warning! user: %s, url: %s, models: {%s}", user,
					url, StringUtils.removeEnd(StringUtils.trim(sb.toString()), ",")));
		}
	}

	public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object o,
			Exception excptn) throws Exception {
		// System.out.println("afterCompletion");
	}

}

本例检查URI是否含有敏感操作来判断是否需要进行日志记录，如果您采用了REST接口，也可以加上request method的校验。

4. 参考资料：

http://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/3.0.x/javadoc-api/org/springframework/util/AntPathMatcher.html

http://www.oschina.net/question/222929_124314

使用Spring MVC Interceptor拦截记录敏感操作

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