一、静态工厂方法模式(简单工厂模式)
为水果类声明了一个接口,表现在代码上:
1
public
interface
Fruit
{
2 // 生长
3 void grow();
4 // 收获
5 void harvest();
6 // 种植
7 void plant();
8 }
9
10
2 // 生长
3 void grow();
4 // 收获
5 void harvest();
6 // 种植
7 void plant();
8 }
9
10
package
fac;
public class Apple implements Fruit { // 通过implements实现接口Fruit
private int treeAge;
public void grow() {
log( " Apple is growing " );
}
public void harvest() {
log( " Apple has been harvested " );
}
public void plant() {
log( " Apple ha been planted " );
}
public static void log(String msg) {
System.out.println(msg);
}
public int getTreeAge() {
return treeAge;
}
public void setTreeAge( int treeAge) {
this .treeAge = treeAge;
}
}
public class Apple implements Fruit { // 通过implements实现接口Fruit
private int treeAge;
public void grow() {
log( " Apple is growing " );
}
public void harvest() {
log( " Apple has been harvested " );
}
public void plant() {
log( " Apple ha been planted " );
}
public static void log(String msg) {
System.out.println(msg);
}
public int getTreeAge() {
return treeAge;
}
public void setTreeAge( int treeAge) {
this .treeAge = treeAge;
}
}
package
fac;
public class Grape implements Fruit {
private boolean seedless;
public void grow(){
log("Grape is growing.");
}
public void harvest(){
log("Grape has been harvested");
}
public void plant(){
log("Grape ha been planted");
}
public static void log(String msg){
System.out.println(msg);
}
public boolean isSeedless() {
return seedless;
}
public void setSeedless(boolean seedless) {
this.seedless = seedless;
}
}
public class Grape implements Fruit {
private boolean seedless;
public void grow(){
log("Grape is growing.");
}
public void harvest(){
log("Grape has been harvested");
}
public void plant(){
log("Grape ha been planted");
}
public static void log(String msg){
System.out.println(msg);
}
public boolean isSeedless() {
return seedless;
}
public void setSeedless(boolean seedless) {
this.seedless = seedless;
}
}
package
fac;
public class Strawberry implements Fruit {
public void grow(){
log("Strawberry is growing");
}
public void harvest(){
log("Strawberry has been harvested");
}
public void plant(){
log("Strawberry has been planted");
}
public static void log(String msg){
System.out.println(msg);
}
}
public class Strawberry implements Fruit {
public void grow(){
log("Strawberry is growing");
}
public void harvest(){
log("Strawberry has been harvested");
}
public void plant(){
log("Strawberry has been planted");
}
public static void log(String msg){
System.out.println(msg);
}
}
package
fac;
public class FruitGardener {
public static Fruit factory(String which)throws Exception{
if(which.equalsIgnoreCase("apple")){
return new Apple();
}else if(which.equalsIgnoreCase("strawberry")){
return new Strawberry();
}else if (which.equalsIgnoreCase("grape")){
return new Grape();
}else{
throw new Exception("Bad fruit request");
}
}
}
public class FruitGardener {
public static Fruit factory(String which)throws Exception{
if(which.equalsIgnoreCase("apple")){
return new Apple();
}else if(which.equalsIgnoreCase("strawberry")){
return new Strawberry();
}else if (which.equalsIgnoreCase("grape")){
return new Grape();
}else{
throw new Exception("Bad fruit request");
}
}
}
package
fac;
public class People {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
FruitGardener fg=new FruitGardener();
Fruit ap=fg.factory("Apple");
ap.grow();
Fruit gp=fg.factory("Grape");
gp.plant();
Fruit dd=fg.factory("ddd");//抛出Bad fruit request异常
}
}
public class People {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
FruitGardener fg=new FruitGardener();
Fruit ap=fg.factory("Apple");
ap.grow();
Fruit gp=fg.factory("Grape");
gp.plant();
Fruit dd=fg.factory("ddd");//抛出Bad fruit request异常
}
}
(注:以上代码在JDK5.0,Myeclise3.2下编译通过)
理解了以下两个例子,再来看第三个例子:
注意对比以下三个实例的不同
实例1:
package
org.jzkangta.factorydemo01;
// 定义接口
interface Car {
public void run();
public void stop();
}
// 具体实现类
class Benz implements Car {
public void run(){
System.out.println("Benz开始启动了。。。。。");
}
public void stop(){
System.out.println("Benz停车了。。。。。");
}
}
// 具体实现类
class Ford implements Car {
public void run(){
System.out.println("Ford开始启动了。。。");
}
public void stop(){
System.out.println("Ford停车了。。。。");
}
}
// 工厂
class Factory {
public static Car getCarInstance(){
return new Ford();
}
}
public class FactoryDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Car c=Factory.getCarInstance();
c.run();
c.stop();
}
}
// 定义接口
interface Car {
public void run();
public void stop();
}
// 具体实现类
class Benz implements Car {
public void run(){
System.out.println("Benz开始启动了。。。。。");
}
public void stop(){
System.out.println("Benz停车了。。。。。");
}
}
// 具体实现类
class Ford implements Car {
public void run(){
System.out.println("Ford开始启动了。。。");
}
public void stop(){
System.out.println("Ford停车了。。。。");
}
}
// 工厂
class Factory {
public static Car getCarInstance(){
return new Ford();
}
}
public class FactoryDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Car c=Factory.getCarInstance();
c.run();
c.stop();
}
}
实例二:
package
fac;
// 定义接口
interface Car {
public void run();
public void stop();
}
// 具体实现类
class Benz implements Car {
public void run(){
System.out.println("Benz开始启动了。。。。。");
}
public void stop(){
System.out.println("Benz停车了。。。。。");
}
}
class Ford implements Car {
public void run(){
System.out.println("Ford开始启动了。。。");
}
public void stop(){
System.out.println("Ford停车了。。。。");
}
}
// 工厂
class Factory {
public static Car getCarInstance(String type){
Car c=null;
if("Benz".equals(type)){
c=new Benz();
}
if("Ford".equals(type)){
c=new Ford();
}
return c;
}
}
public class FactoryDemo02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Car c=Factory.getCarInstance("Benz");
if(c!=null){
c.run();
c.stop();
}else{
System.out.println("造不了这种汽车。。。");
}
}
}
// 定义接口
interface Car {
public void run();
public void stop();
}
// 具体实现类
class Benz implements Car {
public void run(){
System.out.println("Benz开始启动了。。。。。");
}
public void stop(){
System.out.println("Benz停车了。。。。。");
}
}
class Ford implements Car {
public void run(){
System.out.println("Ford开始启动了。。。");
}
public void stop(){
System.out.println("Ford停车了。。。。");
}
}
// 工厂
class Factory {
public static Car getCarInstance(String type){
Car c=null;
if("Benz".equals(type)){
c=new Benz();
}
if("Ford".equals(type)){
c=new Ford();
}
return c;
}
}
public class FactoryDemo02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Car c=Factory.getCarInstance("Benz");
if(c!=null){
c.run();
c.stop();
}else{
System.out.println("造不了这种汽车。。。");
}
}
}
实例三:
interface
Car
{
public void run();
public void stop();
}
class Benz implements Car {
public void run(){
System.out.println("Benz开始启动了。。。。。");
}
public void stop(){
System.out.println("Benz停车了。。。。。");
}
}
class Ford implements Car {
public void run(){
System.out.println("Ford开始启动了。。。");
}
public void stop(){
System.out.println("Ford停车了。。。。");
}
}
class Toyota implements Car {
public void run(){
System.out.println("Toyota开始启动了。。。");
}
public void stop(){
System.out.println("Toyota停车了。。。。");
}
}
class Factory {
public static Car getCarInstance(String type){
Car c=null;
try {
c=(Car)Class.forName("org.jzkangta.factorydemo03."+type).newInstance();//利用反射得到汽车类型
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return c;
}
}
public class FactoryDemo03 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Car c=Factory.getCarInstance("Toyota");
if(c!=null){
c.run();
c.stop();
}else{
System.out.println("造不了这种汽车。。。");
}
}
}
public void run();
public void stop();
}
class Benz implements Car {
public void run(){
System.out.println("Benz开始启动了。。。。。");
}
public void stop(){
System.out.println("Benz停车了。。。。。");
}
}
class Ford implements Car {
public void run(){
System.out.println("Ford开始启动了。。。");
}
public void stop(){
System.out.println("Ford停车了。。。。");
}
}
class Toyota implements Car {
public void run(){
System.out.println("Toyota开始启动了。。。");
}
public void stop(){
System.out.println("Toyota停车了。。。。");
}
}
class Factory {
public static Car getCarInstance(String type){
Car c=null;
try {
c=(Car)Class.forName("org.jzkangta.factorydemo03."+type).newInstance();//利用反射得到汽车类型
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return c;
}
}
public class FactoryDemo03 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Car c=Factory.getCarInstance("Toyota");
if(c!=null){
c.run();
c.stop();
}else{
System.out.println("造不了这种汽车。。。");
}
}
}
对比三个实例:
实 例一,虽然实现了简单工厂,但每次只能得到一种汽车,如果我们想换一种,就得修改工厂,太不方便,而实例二则改变了这种情况,便得我们可以按照我们的需要 更换汽车,但我们所更换的汽车必须是实现类中有的,如果我们想要增加一种汽车的时候,我们还是得更改工厂,通过改进,实例三利用反射机制,得到汽车类型, 这样当我们需要增加一种新的汽车时,就无需要再修改工厂,而只需要增加要实现的类即可。也就是说要增加什么样的汽车直接增加这个汽车的类即可,而无需改变 工厂。从而达到了工厂分离的效果。