BeanFactory not initialized or already closed - call 'refresh' before accessing beans via the Appli

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在做Spring整合Struts2的时候，启动项目，就报了如下的错误

Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener

BeanFactory not initialized or already closed - call 'refresh' before accessing beans via the ApplicationContext

java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open ServletContext resource [/applicationContext.xml]

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背景：

我是在xml文件中配置ioc容器，在jsp页面采用<%%>的形式调用实例

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第一个错误：

BeanFactory not initialized or already closed - call 'refresh' before accessing beans via the ApplicationContext

原因：

是配置文件的名称是contextConfigLocation，一点都不能错！！！！！

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第二个错误：

java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open ServletContext resource [/applicationContext.xml]

原因：

是地址不对 

应该是<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>

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正确的配置文件应该如下：

  <context-param>
  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>