oracle 11g RMAN 的配置

登录rman，以控制文件为资料库

$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on FRI May 25 10:43:14 2018

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: MAMS (DBID=591992015)

显示rman默认设置

RMAN>show all;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name JUAN are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/home/oracle/ANNI/db_%U.rmn';
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_Riven.f'; # default

1、更改rman磁盘备份默认目录

RMAN> configure channel device type disk format '/home/oracle/RMAN';

old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/home/oracle/ANNI/db_%U.rmn';
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/home/oracle/RMAN';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

RMAN> show all;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name MAMS are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/home/oracle/RMAN';
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_Riven.f'; # default

2、更改保存策略

（1）所有的备份保留时间为10天

RMAN>configure retention policy to recovery window  of 10 days;

（2）最新的5份备份标记为redundancy

RMAN>configure retention policy to redundanct = 5;

（3）备份保存策略失效

RMAN>configure retention policy to none;

（4）将恢复默认的保存策略

RMAN>configure retention policy clear;

3、备份优化

backup optimization：默认值为off，启用优化后，会按照优化算法进行备份，比如只读表空间不备份等

RMAN>configure backup optimization on;

RMAN>configure backup optimization off;

RMAN>configure backup optimization clear;

4、默认设备

default device type:默认值为disk，指定备份到磁盘或者是磁带

RMAN>configure default device type to disk;   

RMAN>configure default device type to stb;       （磁带）

RMAN>configure default device type clear;         （恢复默认）

5、控制文件

开启自动备份及指定路径及名称，当控制文件变化时，控制文件自动备份

RMAN>configure controlfile autobackup on;

RMAN>configure controlfile autobackup format for device type '/home/oracle/backup/control/conf_%F';

RMAN>configure controlfile autobackup clear;

RMAN>configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk clear;

6、配置控制文件的快照文件的存放路径和文件名，这个快照文件是在备份期间产生的

RMAN>configure snapshot controlfile name to '/home/oracle/base/product/11.2.0/dbs/snapcf_mams.f';

RMAN>configure snapshot controlfile name clear;

7、排除选项

（1）exclude:排除‘SUMDATA’表空间

RMAN>configure exclude for tablespace 'SUMDATA';

（2）重置排除选项为默认值

RMAN>configure exclude for tablespace 'SUMDATA' clear；

8、备份集大小

（1）设置备份集大小

RMAN>configure maxsetsize to nG|nM|nK|unlimited

（2）重置备份集大小为默认值

RMAN>configure maxsetsize clear

9、压缩备份

（1）默认值压缩

RMAN> show compression algorithm;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name MAMS are:
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default

（2）设置为高压缩比

RMAN> configure compression algorithm 'HIGH';

new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'HIGH' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

（3）设置为其他压缩比

RMAN> configure compression algorithm 'MEDIUM';

RMAN> configure compression algorithm 'LOW';

RMAN> configure compression algorithm 'BASIC';