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FastDFS安装与配置
简介：FastDFS是一个开源的轻量级分布式文件系统，它对文件进行管理，功能包括：文件存储、文件同步、文件访问（文件上传、文件下载）等，解决了大容量存储和负载均衡的问题。特别适合以文件为载体的在线服务，如相册网站、视频网站等等。
FastDFS为互联网量身定制，充分考虑了冗余备份、负载均衡、线性扩容等机制，并注重高可用、高性能等指标，使用FastDFS很容易搭建一套高性能的文件服务器集群提供文件上传、下载等服务。
我们在两台机器上安装fastDfs.,两台机器的主机名配置信息如下：
编号 设备名 IP地址 操作系统 1 slaver2 192.168.50.202 centos7 2 slaver3 192.168.50.203 centos7
在跟踪节点slaver3和存储节点slaver2分别安装FastDfs
（1）下载安装FastDfs需要的包,并变异安装
$# sudo yum install make cmake gcc gcc-c++
$# wget http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent-1.4.14b-stable.tar.gz
$# tar -xzvf libevent-1.4.14b-stable.tar.gz
$# cd libevent-1.4.14b-stable
$# ./configure –prefix=/usr
$# make
$# sudo make install
#验证是否安装成功
$# ls -al /usr/lib | grep libevent
（2）首先下载fastDfs的包FastDFS_v3.06.tar.gz
$# tar -xzvf FastDFS_v3.06.tar.gz
$# cd FastDFS
$# ./make.sh
$# sudo ./make install
//此时表明fastDfs已经安装成功
tracker节点slaver3配置tracker.conf文件
#配置tracker server(Tracker Server配置)
#进入目录
$# cd /etc/fdfs/
$# 创建fastdfs的保存信息等
$# sudo mkdir -p /home/sfs/fastdfs_tracker
$# sudo mkdir -p /home/sfs/fastdfs_storage
#编辑tracker.conf文件
sudo vi tracker.conf
#更改配置
base_path=/home/sfs/fastdfs_tracker （自己手动创建的目录，用来保存统计保存的文件信息的相关数据和对应的日志文件）
1.i
2.返回键删除，粘贴
3. esc
4. wq!以下为修改后的tracker.conf文件
# is this config file disabled
# false for enabled
# true for disabled
disabled=false
# bind an address of this host
# empty for bind all addresses of this host
bind_addr=
# the tracker server port
port=22122
# connect timeout in seconds
# default value is 30s
connect_timeout=30
# network timeout in seconds
# default value is 30s
network_timeout=60
# the base path to store data and log files
#base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs
base_path=/home/sfs/fastdfs_tracker
# max concurrent connections this server supported
max_connections=256
# work thread count, should <= max_connections
# default value is 4
# since V2.00
work_threads=4
# the method of selecting group to upload files
# 0: round robin
# 1: specify group
# 2: load balance, select the max free space group to upload file
store_lookup=0
# which group to upload file
# when store_lookup set to 1, must set store_group to the group name
store_group=group2
# which storage server to upload file
# 0: round robin (default)
# 1: the first server order by ip address
# 2: the first server order by priority (the minimal)
store_server=0
# which path(means disk or mount point) of the storage server to upload file
# 0: round robin
# 2: load balance, select the max free space path to upload file
store_path=0
# which storage server to download file
# 0: round robin (default)
# 1: the source storage server which the current file uploaded to
download_server=0
# reserved storage space for system or other applications.
# if the free(available) space of any stoarge server in
# a group <= reserved_storage_space,
# no file can be uploaded to this group.
# bytes unit can be one of follows:
### G or g for gigabyte(GB)
### M or m for megabyte(MB)
### K or k for kilobyte(KB)
### no unit for byte(B)
reserved_storage_space = 4GB
#standard log level as syslog, case insensitive, value list:
### emerg for emergency
### alert
### crit for critical
### error
### warn for warning
### notice
### info
### debug
log_level=info
#unix group name to run this program,
#not set (empty) means run by the group of current user
run_by_group=
#unix username to run this program,
#not set (empty) means run by current user
run_by_user=
# allow_hosts can ocur more than once, host can be hostname or ip address,
# "*" means match all ip addresses, can use range like this: 10.0.1.[1-15,20] or
# host[01-08,20-25].domain.com, for example:
# allow_hosts=10.0.1.[1-15,20]
# allow_hosts=host[01-08,20-25].domain.com
allow_hosts=*
# sync log buff to disk every interval seconds
# default value is 10 seconds
sync_log_buff_interval = 10
# check storage server alive interval seconds
check_active_interval = 120
# thread stack size, should >= 64KB
# default value is 64KB
thread_stack_size = 64KB
# auto adjust when the ip address of the storage server changed
# default value is true
storage_ip_changed_auto_adjust = true
# storage sync file max delay seconds
# default value is 86400 seconds (one day)
# since V2.00
storage_sync_file_max_delay = 86400
# the max time of storage sync a file
# default value is 300 seconds
# since V2.00
storage_sync_file_max_time = 300
# if use a trunk file to store several small files
# default value is false
# since V3.00
use_trunk_file = false
# the min slot size, should <= 4KB
# default value is 256 bytes
# since V3.00
slot_min_size = 256
# the max slot size, should > slot_min_size
# store the upload file to trunk file when it's size <= this value
# default value is 16MB
# since V3.00
slot_max_size = 16MB
# the trunk file size, should >= 4MB
# default value is 64MB
# since V3.00
trunk_file_size = 64MB
# if create trunk file advancely
# default value is false
trunk_create_file_advance = false
# the time base to create trunk file
# the time format: HH:MM
# default value is 02:00
trunk_create_file_time_base = 02:00
# the interval of create trunk file, unit: second
# default value is 38400 (one day)
trunk_create_file_interval = 86400
# the threshold to create trunk file
# when the free trunk file size less than the threshold, will create
# the trunk files
# default value is 0
trunk_create_file_space_threshold = 20G
# HTTP settings
http.disabled=false
# HTTP port on this tracker server
http.server_port=8080
# check storage HTTP server alive interval seconds
# <= 0 for never check
# default value is 30
http.check_alive_interval=30
# check storage HTTP server alive type, values are:
# tcp : connect to the storge server with HTTP port only,
# do not request and get response
# http: storage check alive url must return http status 200
# default value is tcp
http.check_alive_type=tcp
# check storage HTTP server alive uri/url
# NOTE: storage embed HTTP server support uri: /status.html
http.check_alive_uri=/status.html
# if need find content type from file extension name
http.need_find_content_type=true
#use "#include" directive to include http other settings
##include http.conf
(3)store节点slaver2配置storeage.conf文件,修改它/etc/fdfs目录下的storage.conf
#配置storage server(Storage Server配置)
$# mkdir -p /home/sfs/fastdfs_tracker
$# mkdir -p /home/sfs/fastdfs_storage
#进入目录
$# groupadd group1 #创建用户组
$# cd /etc/fdfs
#编辑storage.conf文件
$# vi storage.conf
#更改配置
group_name=group1 （用于存文件的组名，自己命名）
base_path=/home/sfs/fastdfs_storage
（自己手动创建的目录，用来保存上传或下载的文件和对应的日志文件）
store_path0=/home/sfs/fastdfs_storage （配置与上面一致即可）
# tracker_server 多个则配置多行
tracker_server=slaver3:22122 （安装tracker_server的机器ip及tracker.conf文件中配置的端口，默认是22122）以下为修改后的storage.conf文件
# is this config file disabled
# false for enabled
# true for disabled
disabled=false
# the name of the group this storage server belongs to
group_name=group1
# bind an address of this host
# empty for bind all addresses of this host
bind_addr=
# if bind an address of this host when connect to other servers
# (this storage server as a client)
# true for binding the address configed by above parameter: "bind_addr"
# false for binding any address of this host
client_bind=true
# the storage server port
port=23000
# connect timeout in seconds
# default value is 30s
connect_timeout=30
# network timeout in seconds
# default value is 30s
network_timeout=60
# heart beat interval in seconds
heart_beat_interval=30
# disk usage report interval in seconds
stat_report_interval=60
# the base path to store data and log files
#base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs
base_path=/home/sfs/fastdfs_storage
# max concurrent connections the server supported
# default value is 256
# more max_connections means more memory will be used
max_connections=256
# the buff size to recv / send data
# this parameter must more than 8KB
# default value is 64KB
# since V2.00
buff_size = 256KB
# work thread count, should <= max_connections
# work thread deal network io
# default value is 4
# since V2.00
work_threads=4
# if disk read / write separated
## false for mixed read and write
## true for separated read and write
# default value is true
# since V2.00
disk_rw_separated = true
# if read / write file directly
# if set to true, open file will add the O_DIRECT flag to avoid file caching
# by the file system. be careful to set this parameter.
# default value is false
disk_rw_direct = false
# disk reader thread count per store base path
# for mixed read / write, this parameter can be 0
# default value is 1
# since V2.00
disk_reader_threads = 1
# disk writer thread count per store base path
# for mixed read / write, this parameter can be 0
# default value is 1
# since V2.00
disk_writer_threads = 1
# when no entry to sync, try read binlog again after X milliseconds
# must > 0, default value is 200ms
sync_wait_msec=50
# after sync a file, usleep milliseconds
# 0 for sync successively (never call usleep)
sync_interval=0
# storage sync start time of a day, time format: Hour:Minute
# Hour from 0 to 23, Minute from 0 to 59
sync_start_time=00:00
# storage sync end time of a day, time format: Hour:Minute
# Hour from 0 to 23, Minute from 0 to 59
sync_end_time=23:59
# write to the mark file after sync N files
# default value is 500
write_mark_file_freq=500
# path(disk or mount point) count, default value is 1
store_path_count=1
# store_path#, based 0, if store_path0 not exists, it's value is base_path
# the paths must be exist
store_path0=/home/sfs/fastdfs_storage
#store_path1=/home/yuqing/fastdfs2
# subdir_count * subdir_count directories will be auto created under each
# store_path (disk), value can be 1 to 256, default value is 256
subdir_count_per_path=256
# tracker_server can ocur more than once, and tracker_server format is
# "host:port", host can be hostname or ip address
tracker_server=localhost:22122
#standard log level as syslog, case insensitive, value list:
### emerg for emergency
### alert
### crit for critical
### error
### warn for warning
### notice
### info
### debug
log_level=info
#unix group name to run this program,
#not set (empty) means run by the group of current user
run_by_group=
#unix username to run this program,
#not set (empty) means run by current user
run_by_user=
# allow_hosts can ocur more than once, host can be hostname or ip address,
# "*" means match all ip addresses, can use range like this: 10.0.1.[1-15,20] or
# host[01-08,20-25].domain.com, for example:
# allow_hosts=10.0.1.[1-15,20]
# allow_hosts=host[01-08,20-25].domain.com
allow_hosts=*
# the mode of the files distributed to the data path
# 0: round robin(default)
# 1: random, distributted by hash code
file_distribute_path_mode=0
# valid when file_distribute_to_path is set to 0 (round robin),
# when the written file count reaches this number, then rotate to next path
# default value is 100
file_distribute_rotate_count=100
# call fsync to disk when write big file
# 0: never call fsync
# other: call fsync when written bytes >= this bytes
# default value is 0 (never call fsync)
fsync_after_written_bytes=0
# sync log buff to disk every interval seconds
# must > 0, default value is 10 seconds
sync_log_buff_interval=10
# sync binlog buff / cache to disk every interval seconds
# default value is 60 seconds
sync_binlog_buff_interval=10
# sync storage stat info to disk every interval seconds
# default value is 300 seconds
sync_stat_file_interval=300
# thread stack size, should >= 512KB
# default value is 512KB
thread_stack_size=512KB
# the priority as a source server for uploading file.
# the lower this value, the higher its uploading priority.
# default value is 10
upload_priority=10
# the NIC alias prefix, such as eth in Linux, you can see it by ifconfig -a
# multi aliases split by comma. empty value means auto set by OS type
# default values is empty
if_alias_prefix=
# if check file duplicate, when set to true, use FastDHT to store file indexes
# 1 or yes: need check
# 0 or no: do not check
# default value is 0
check_file_duplicate=0
# namespace for storing file indexes (key-value pairs)
# this item must be set when check_file_duplicate is true / on
key_namespace=FastDFS
# set keep_alive to 1 to enable persistent connection with FastDHT servers
# default value is 0 (short connection)
keep_alive=0
# you can use "#include filename" (not include double quotes) directive to
# load FastDHT server list, when the filename is a relative path such as
# pure filename, the base path is the base path of current/this config file.
# must set FastDHT server list when check_file_duplicate is true / on
# please see INSTALL of FastDHT for detail
##include /home/yuqing/fastdht/conf/fdht_servers.conf
#HTTP settings
http.disabled=false
# use the ip address of this storage server if domain_name is empty,
# else this domain name will ocur in the url redirected by the tracker server
http.domain_name=
# the port of the web server on this storage server
http.server_port=8888
http.trunk_size=256KB
# if need find content type from file extension name
http.need_find_content_type=true
#use "#include" directive to include HTTP other settings
##include http.conf
(4)启动
tracker节点slaver3的开启
tracker server 和storage server，需要注意的是先启动tracker server。
#启动tracker server
sudo /usr/local/bin/fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf
此时如果报错如下
则建立软连接解决：
$# ln -s /usr/lib/libevent-1.4.so.2 /usr/lib64/libevent-1.4.so.2
# 再次开启
$# sudo /usr/local/bin/fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf
#检验是否开启成功
$# netstat -nplt |grep 22122 
此时表明tracker节点已经开启成功了
# 存储节点节点slaver2的开启
#启动storage server
$# sudo /usr/local/bin/fdfs_storaged /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
$# netstat -nplt |grep 23000
此时表明存储节点已经安装成功了
下面我们查看集群的信息
#测试安装查看信息
$# /usr/local/bin/fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
此时表明，fastDsfs的集群已经搭建完成。
（5）验证工作
现在我们来上传一张照片在测试，以验证整个集群已经搭建成功
我们在跟踪节点slaver3的root下穿件一个文件，内容为“helloo FastDfs”
$# vi test.txt
hello FastDfs
修改/etc/fdfs/client.conf
$#vi /etc/fdfs/client.conf
base_path=/home/sfs/fastdfs_tracker //御前面的跟踪节点的路径保持一直
tracker_server=slaver2:22122
#上传
$# /usr/local/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /root/test.txt
此时以上传完成
我们来到存储节点slaver2查看该文件是否可以访问到
cd /home/sfs/fastdfs_storage/data/00/00
vi wKgyylpTeonpM8s2AAAAC7UzAkk485.txt- 1
- 2
我们发现他确实已经上传完成。至此整个FastDfs集群已经安装完毕，后续增加存储节点或者跟踪节点，只需要使他们的配置文件保持一致即可，非常方便快捷。