Windows 修改键盘映射(附带Linux下Ubuntu的修改方法)
一、简述
通过修改键盘映射关系可以改变按键的功能。如：
1） A键损坏，使用B键代替。
2） 将某个按键屏蔽（屏蔽之后，这个按键就会没有反应一样）
3）交换某些按键的功能。（将某些按键换到自己习惯的位置）
可以通过相关软件进行修改，也可以通过注册表进行修改。例子中使用注册表方式进行修改键盘映射。
二、通过相关软件进行修改
类似的软件有：SharpKeys.exe github：https://github.com/randyrants/sharpkeys
网盘链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/12RzrzZa_txDunzFhPLcV7w 提取码: fc25
三、通过注册表进行修改 （请慎重修改！！！）
由于在编辑代码时，特别是使用vi编辑器时会经常用到方向键。P而gUp上翻与PgDn下翻与方向键靠的很近，导致想按方向键时很容易按到了翻页键，加上个人在编辑文本时习惯使用Home键(回到行首)，End(回到行尾)，配合Shift键可以选中一行。所以有了将上翻键(PgUp)映射为Home键，将下翻键(PgDn)映射为End键的想法。
举例：将PgUp上翻 映射为 Home键，将PgDn下翻映射为 End键。
修改键盘映射：将以下内容保存为xxx.reg ，然后双击并确认。win7-64bit 需重启电脑才会生效。
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Keyboard Layout]
"Scancode Map"=hex:00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,03,00,00,00,4F,E0,51,E0,47,E0,49,E0,00,00,00,00 说明：
效果：将PgUp上翻 映射为 Home键，将PgDn下翻映射为 End键。 
补充：1） 如果想要某个键失效，就将其映射为00 00。
2）可以将按键功能交换，例子中只是将PgUp上翻 映射为 Home键，将PgDn下翻映射为 End键。并没有将 Home键 映射为PgUp上翻 ，将End键 映射为 PgDn下翻。因为个人很少使用上翻和下翻。
3）还原操作：
打开注册表
找到[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Keyboard Layout]
然后删除”Scancode Map”键值打开注册表：在开始-》搜索程序和文件-》输入regedit-》回车。或者到C:\Windows\System32目录下运行regedt32.exe
附：键值表
| Backspace | 00 0E |
| Caps Lock | 00 3A |
| Delete | E0 53 |
| End | E0 4F |
| Enter | 00 1C |
| Escape | 00 01 |
| HOME | E0 52 |
| Insert | E0 52 |
| Left Alt | 00 38 |
| Left Ctrl | 00 1D |
| Left Shift | 00 2A |
| Left Windows | E0 5B |
| Num Lock | 00 45 |
| Page Down | E0 51 |
| Page Up | E0 49 |
| Power | E0 5E |
| PrtSc | E0 37 |
| Right Alt | E0 38 |
| Right Ctrl | E0 1D |
| Right Shift | 00 36 |
| ight Windows | E0 5C |
| Scroll Lock | 00 46 |
| Sleep | E0 5F |
| Space | 00 39 |
| Tab | 00 0F |
| Wake | E0 63 |
| 1 | 00 4F |
| 2 | 00 50 |
| 3 | 00 51 |
| 4 | 00 4B |
| 5 | 00 4C |
| 6 | 00 4D |
| 7 | 00 47 |
| 8 | 00 48 |
| 9 | 00 49 |
| 0 | 00 52 |
| - | 00 4A |
| /* | 00 37 |
| . | 00 53 |
| / | 00 35 |
| /+ | 00 4E |
| Enter | E0 1C |
| F1 | 00 3B |
| F2 | 00 3C |
| F3 | 00 3D |
| F4 | 00 3E |
| F5 | 00 3F |
| F6 | 00 40 |
| F7 | 00 41 |
| F8 | 00 42 |
| F9 | 00 43 |
| F10 | 00 44 |
| F11 | 00 57 |
| F12 | 00 58 |
| F13 | 00 64 |
| F14 | 00 65 |
| F15 | 00 66 |
| Down | E0 50 |
| Left | E0 4B |
| Right | E0 4D |
| Up | E0 48 |
| Calculator | E0 21 |
| E0 6C | |
| Media Select | E0 6D |
| Messenger | E0 11 |
| My Computer | E0 6B |
| ’ ” | 00 28 |
| - _ | 00 0C |
| , < | 00 33 |
| . > | 00 34 |
| / ? | 00 35 |
| ; : | 00 27 |
| [ { | 00 1A |
| \ | | 00 2B |
| ] } | 00 1B |
| ` ~ | 00 29 |
| = + | 00 0D |
| 0 ) | 00 0B |
| 1 ! | 00 02 |
| 2 @ | 00 03 |
| 3 # | 00 04 |
| 4 $ | 00 05 |
| 5 % | 00 06 |
| 6 ^ | 00 07 |
| 7 & | 00 08 |
| 8 * | 00 09 |
| 9 ( | 00 0A |
| A | 00 1E |
| B | 00 30 |
| C | 00 2E |
| D | 00 20 |
| E | 00 12 |
| F | 00 21 |
| G | 00 22 |
| H | 00 23 |
| I | 00 17 |
| J | 00 24 |
| K | 00 25 |
| L | 00 26 |
| M | 00 32 |
| N | 00 31 |
| O | 00 18 |
| P | 00 19 |
| Q | 00 10 |
| R | 00 13 |
| S | 00 1F |
| T | 00 14 |
| U | 00 16 |
| V | 00 2F |
| W | 00 11 |
| X | X 00 2D |
| Y | 00 15 |
| Z | 00 2C |
| Close | E0 40 |
| Fwd | E0 42 |
| Help | E0 3B |
| New | E0 3E |
| Office Home | E0 3C |
| Open | E0 3F |
| E0 58 | |
| Redo | E0 07 |
| Reply | E0 41 |
| Save | E0 57 |
| Send | E0 43 |
| Spell | E0 23 |
| Task Pane | E0 3D |
| Undo | E0 08 |
| Mute | E0 20 |
| Next Track | E0 19 |
| Play/Pause | E0 22 |
| Prev Track | E0 10 |
| Stop | E0 24 |
| Volume Down | E0 2E |
| Volume Up | E0 30 |
| ? - | 00 7D |
| Next to Enter | E0 2B |
| Next to L-Shift | E0 56 |
| Next to R-Shift | E0 73 |
| DBE_KATAKANA | E0 70 |
| DBE_SBCSCHAR | E0 77 |
| CONVERT | E0 79 |
| NONCONVERT | E0 7B |
| Internet | E0 01 |
| iTouch | E0 13 |
| Shopping | E0 04 |
| Webcam | E0 12 |
| Back | E0 6A |
| Favorites | E0 66 |
| Forward | E0 69 |
| HOME | E0 32 |
| Refresh | E0 67 |
| Search | E0 65 |
| Stop | E0 68 |
| My Pictures | E0 64 |
| My Music | E0 3C |
| Mute | E0 20 |
| Play/Pause | E0 22 |
| Stop | E0 24 |
| + (Volume up) | E0 30 |
| - (Volume down) | E0 2E |
| Media | E0 6D |
| E0 6C | |
| Web/Home | E0 32 |
| Messenger | E0 05 |
| Calculator | E0 21 |
| Log Off | E0 16 |
| Sleep | E0 5F |
| Help(on F1 key) | E0 3B |
| Undo(on F2 key) | E0 08 |
| Redo(on F3 key) | E0 07 |
| Fwd (on F8 key) | E0 42 |
| Send(on F9 key) | E0 43 |
四、Linux下的修改键盘映射方法
例子测试环境为在Ubuntu12.04和Ubuntu18.04。
由于ESC按键损坏，而vi编辑器经常用到ESC按键，，因此将F1按键映射为ESC。(F1我比较少用，并且相邻ESC按键)
在终端输入命令：xmodmap -pk 或xmodmap -pke 查看按键的code值
找到相应的键值，然后进行设置
因为系统重新启动之后，设置会失效，所以可以写为shell脚本方式，用到的时候直接执行脚本。
#/bin/bash
#
xmodmap -e 'keysym F1 = Escape'或者是
#/bin/bash
#
xmodmap -e 'keycode 67 = Escape'(关机再启动 映射失效，想要生效就要在开机的时候手动的执行脚本一次，当然可以设置为启动脚本，就是让脚本在系统启动后自动执行)。
补充：1) 交换两个按键的功能(第二次运行就会换回原来的值) 尚未测试!!!
交换 Caps_Lock and Control_L
remove Lock = Caps_Lock
remove Control = Control_L
keysym Control_L = Caps_Lock
keysym Caps_Lock = Control_L
add Lock = Caps_Lock
add Control = Control_L
2） 开机执行脚本：
a. 把脚本放置到启动目录下：sudo mv xxx.sh /etc/init.d/
b. 将脚本添加到启动脚本:
cd /etc/init.d/
sudo update-rc.d xxx.sh defaults 90 #90表明一个优先级，越高表示执行的越晚
移除Ubuntu开机脚本:sudo update-rc.d -f xxx.sh remove
附：键值表
liang@ubuntu:~$ xmodmap -pke
keycode 8 =
keycode 9 = Escape NoSymbol Escape
keycode 10 = 1 exclam 1 exclam
keycode 11 = 2 at 2 at
keycode 12 = 3 numbersign 3 numbersign
keycode 13 = 4 dollar 4 dollar
keycode 14 = 5 percent 5 percent
keycode 15 = 6 asciicircum 6 asciicircum
keycode 16 = 7 ampersand 7 ampersand
keycode 17 = 8 asterisk 8 asterisk
keycode 18 = 9 parenleft 9 parenleft
keycode 19 = 0 parenright 0 parenright
keycode 20 = minus underscore minus underscore
keycode 21 = equal plus equal plus
keycode 22 = BackSpace BackSpace BackSpace BackSpace
keycode 23 = Tab ISO_Left_Tab Tab ISO_Left_Tab
keycode 24 = q Q q Q
keycode 25 = w W w W
keycode 26 = e E e E
keycode 27 = r R r R
keycode 28 = t T t T
keycode 29 = y Y y Y
keycode 30 = u U u U
keycode 31 = i I i I
keycode 32 = o O o O
keycode 33 = p P p P
keycode 34 = bracketleft braceleft bracketleft braceleft
keycode 35 = bracketright braceright bracketright braceright
keycode 36 = Return NoSymbol Return
keycode 37 = Control_L NoSymbol Control_L
keycode 38 = a A a A
keycode 39 = s S s S
keycode 40 = d D d D
keycode 41 = f F f F
keycode 42 = g G g G
keycode 43 = h H h H
keycode 44 = j J j J
keycode 45 = k K k K
keycode 46 = l L l L
keycode 47 = semicolon colon semicolon colon
keycode 48 = apostrophe quotedbl apostrophe quotedbl
keycode 49 = grave asciitilde grave asciitilde
keycode 50 = Shift_L NoSymbol Shift_L
keycode 51 = backslash bar backslash bar
keycode 52 = z Z z Z
keycode 53 = x X x X
keycode 54 = c C c C
keycode 55 = v V v V
keycode 56 = b B b B
keycode 57 = n N n N
keycode 58 = m M m M
keycode 59 = comma less comma less
keycode 60 = period greater period greater
keycode 61 = slash question slash question
keycode 62 = Shift_R NoSymbol Shift_R
keycode 63 = KP_Multiply KP_Multiply KP_Multiply KP_Multiply KP_Multiply KP_Multiply XF86ClearGrab
keycode 64 = Alt_L Meta_L Alt_L Meta_L
keycode 65 = space NoSymbol space
keycode 66 = Caps_Lock NoSymbol Caps_Lock
keycode 67 = F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 XF86Switch_VT_1
keycode 68 = F2 F2 F2 F2 F2 F2 XF86Switch_VT_2
keycode 69 = F3 F3 F3 F3 F3 F3 XF86Switch_VT_3
keycode 70 = F4 F4 F4 F4 F4 F4 XF86Switch_VT_4
keycode 71 = F5 F5 F5 F5 F5 F5 XF86Switch_VT_5
keycode 72 = F6 F6 F6 F6 F6 F6 XF86Switch_VT_6
keycode 73 = F7 F7 F7 F7 F7 F7 XF86Switch_VT_7
keycode 74 = F8 F8 F8 F8 F8 F8 XF86Switch_VT_8
keycode 75 = F9 F9 F9 F9 F9 F9 XF86Switch_VT_9
keycode 76 = F10 F10 F10 F10 F10 F10 XF86Switch_VT_10
keycode 77 = Num_Lock NoSymbol Num_Lock
keycode 78 = Scroll_Lock NoSymbol Scroll_Lock
keycode 79 = KP_Home KP_7 KP_Home KP_7
keycode 80 = KP_Up KP_8 KP_Up KP_8
keycode 81 = KP_Prior KP_9 KP_Prior KP_9
keycode 82 = KP_Subtract KP_Subtract KP_Subtract KP_Subtract KP_Subtract KP_Subtract XF86Prev_VMode
keycode 83 = KP_Left KP_4 KP_Left KP_4
keycode 84 = KP_Begin KP_5 KP_Begin KP_5
keycode 85 = KP_Right KP_6 KP_Right KP_6
keycode 86 = KP_Add KP_Add KP_Add KP_Add KP_Add KP_Add XF86Next_VMode
keycode 87 = KP_End KP_1 KP_End KP_1
keycode 88 = KP_Down KP_2 KP_Down KP_2
keycode 89 = KP_Next KP_3 KP_Next KP_3
keycode 90 = KP_Insert KP_0 KP_Insert KP_0
keycode 91 = KP_Delete KP_Decimal KP_Delete KP_Decimal
keycode 92 = ISO_Level3_Shift NoSymbol ISO_Level3_Shift
keycode 93 =
keycode 94 = less greater less greater bar brokenbar bar
keycode 95 = F11 F11 F11 F11 F11 F11 XF86Switch_VT_11
keycode 96 = F12 F12 F12 F12 F12 F12 XF86Switch_VT_12
keycode 97 =
keycode 98 = Katakana NoSymbol Katakana
keycode 99 = Hiragana NoSymbol Hiragana
keycode 100 = Henkan_Mode NoSymbol Henkan_Mode
keycode 101 = Hiragana_Katakana NoSymbol Hiragana_Katakana
keycode 102 = Muhenkan NoSymbol Muhenkan
keycode 103 =
keycode 104 = KP_Enter NoSymbol KP_Enter
keycode 105 = Control_R NoSymbol Control_R
keycode 106 = KP_Divide KP_Divide KP_Divide KP_Divide KP_Divide KP_Divide XF86Ungrab
keycode 107 = Print Sys_Req Print Sys_Req
keycode 108 = Alt_R Meta_R Alt_R Meta_R
keycode 109 = Linefeed NoSymbol Linefeed
keycode 110 = Home NoSymbol Home
keycode 111 = Up NoSymbol Up
keycode 112 = Prior NoSymbol Prior
keycode 113 = Left NoSymbol Left
keycode 114 = Right NoSymbol Right
keycode 115 = End NoSymbol End
keycode 116 = Down NoSymbol Down
keycode 117 = Next NoSymbol Next
keycode 118 = Insert NoSymbol Insert
keycode 119 = Delete NoSymbol Delete
keycode 120 =
keycode 121 = XF86AudioMute NoSymbol XF86AudioMute
keycode 122 = XF86AudioLowerVolume NoSymbol XF86AudioLowerVolume
keycode 123 = XF86AudioRaiseVolume NoSymbol XF86AudioRaiseVolume
keycode 124 = XF86PowerOff NoSymbol XF86PowerOff
keycode 125 = KP_Equal NoSymbol KP_Equal
keycode 126 = plusminus NoSymbol plusminus
keycode 127 = Pause Break Pause Break
keycode 128 = XF86LaunchA NoSymbol XF86LaunchA
keycode 129 = KP_Decimal KP_Decimal KP_Decimal KP_Decimal
keycode 130 = Hangul NoSymbol Hangul
keycode 131 = Hangul_Hanja NoSymbol Hangul_Hanja
keycode 132 =
keycode 133 = Super_L NoSymbol Super_L
keycode 134 = Super_R NoSymbol Super_R
keycode 135 = Menu NoSymbol Menu
keycode 136 = Cancel NoSymbol Cancel
keycode 137 = Redo NoSymbol Redo
keycode 138 = SunProps NoSymbol SunProps
keycode 139 = Undo NoSymbol Undo
keycode 140 = SunFront NoSymbol SunFront
keycode 141 = XF86Copy NoSymbol XF86Copy
keycode 142 = XF86Open NoSymbol XF86Open
keycode 143 = XF86Paste NoSymbol XF86Paste
keycode 144 = Find NoSymbol Find
keycode 145 = XF86Cut NoSymbol XF86Cut
keycode 146 = Help NoSymbol Help
keycode 147 = XF86MenuKB NoSymbol XF86MenuKB
keycode 148 = XF86Calculator NoSymbol XF86Calculator
keycode 149 =
keycode 150 = XF86Sleep NoSymbol XF86Sleep
keycode 151 = XF86WakeUp NoSymbol XF86WakeUp
keycode 152 = XF86Explorer NoSymbol XF86Explorer
keycode 153 = XF86Send NoSymbol XF86Send
keycode 154 =
keycode 155 = XF86Xfer NoSymbol XF86Xfer
keycode 156 = XF86Launch1 NoSymbol XF86Launch1
keycode 157 = XF86Launch2 NoSymbol XF86Launch2
keycode 158 = XF86WWW NoSymbol XF86WWW
keycode 159 = XF86DOS NoSymbol XF86DOS
keycode 160 = XF86ScreenSaver NoSymbol XF86ScreenSaver
keycode 161 = XF86RotateWindows NoSymbol XF86RotateWindows
keycode 162 = XF86TaskPane NoSymbol XF86TaskPane
keycode 163 = XF86Mail NoSymbol XF86Mail
keycode 164 = XF86Favorites NoSymbol XF86Favorites
keycode 165 = XF86MyComputer NoSymbol XF86MyComputer
keycode 166 = XF86Back NoSymbol XF86Back
keycode 167 = XF86Forward NoSymbol XF86Forward
keycode 168 =
keycode 169 = XF86Eject NoSymbol XF86Eject
keycode 170 = XF86Eject XF86Eject XF86Eject XF86Eject
keycode 171 = XF86AudioNext NoSymbol XF86AudioNext
keycode 172 = XF86AudioPlay XF86AudioPause XF86AudioPlay XF86AudioPause
keycode 173 = XF86AudioPrev NoSymbol XF86AudioPrev
keycode 174 = XF86AudioStop XF86Eject XF86AudioStop XF86Eject
keycode 175 = XF86AudioRecord NoSymbol XF86AudioRecord
keycode 176 = XF86AudioRewind NoSymbol XF86AudioRewind
keycode 177 = XF86Phone NoSymbol XF86Phone
keycode 178 =
keycode 179 = XF86Tools NoSymbol XF86Tools
keycode 180 = XF86HomePage NoSymbol XF86HomePage
keycode 181 = XF86Reload NoSymbol XF86Reload
keycode 182 = XF86Close NoSymbol XF86Close
keycode 183 =
keycode 184 =
keycode 185 = XF86ScrollUp NoSymbol XF86ScrollUp
keycode 186 = XF86ScrollDown NoSymbol XF86ScrollDown
keycode 187 = parenleft NoSymbol parenleft
keycode 188 = parenright NoSymbol parenright
keycode 189 = XF86New NoSymbol XF86New
keycode 190 = Redo NoSymbol Redo
keycode 191 = XF86Tools NoSymbol XF86Tools
keycode 192 = XF86Launch5 NoSymbol XF86Launch5
keycode 193 = XF86Launch6 NoSymbol XF86Launch6
keycode 194 = XF86Launch7 NoSymbol XF86Launch7
keycode 195 = XF86Launch8 NoSymbol XF86Launch8
keycode 196 = XF86Launch9 NoSymbol XF86Launch9
keycode 197 =
keycode 198 = XF86AudioMicMute NoSymbol XF86AudioMicMute
keycode 199 = XF86TouchpadToggle NoSymbol XF86TouchpadToggle
keycode 200 = XF86TouchpadOn NoSymbol XF86TouchpadOn
keycode 201 = XF86TouchpadOff NoSymbol XF86TouchpadOff
keycode 202 =
keycode 203 = Mode_switch NoSymbol Mode_switch
keycode 204 = NoSymbol Alt_L NoSymbol Alt_L
keycode 205 = NoSymbol Meta_L NoSymbol Meta_L
keycode 206 = NoSymbol Super_L NoSymbol Super_L
keycode 207 = NoSymbol Hyper_L NoSymbol Hyper_L
keycode 208 = XF86AudioPlay NoSymbol XF86AudioPlay
keycode 209 = XF86AudioPause NoSymbol XF86AudioPause
keycode 210 = XF86Launch3 NoSymbol XF86Launch3
keycode 211 = XF86Launch4 NoSymbol XF86Launch4
keycode 212 = XF86LaunchB NoSymbol XF86LaunchB
keycode 213 = XF86Suspend NoSymbol XF86Suspend
keycode 214 = XF86Close NoSymbol XF86Close
keycode 215 = XF86AudioPlay NoSymbol XF86AudioPlay
keycode 216 = XF86AudioForward NoSymbol XF86AudioForward
keycode 217 =
keycode 218 = Print NoSymbol Print
keycode 219 =
keycode 220 = XF86WebCam NoSymbol XF86WebCam
keycode 221 =
keycode 222 =
keycode 223 = XF86Mail NoSymbol XF86Mail
keycode 224 = XF86Messenger NoSymbol XF86Messenger
keycode 225 = XF86Search NoSymbol XF86Search
keycode 226 = XF86Go NoSymbol XF86Go
keycode 227 = XF86Finance NoSymbol XF86Finance
keycode 228 = XF86Game NoSymbol XF86Game
keycode 229 = XF86Shop NoSymbol XF86Shop
keycode 230 =
keycode 231 = Cancel NoSymbol Cancel
keycode 232 = XF86MonBrightnessDown NoSymbol XF86MonBrightnessDown
keycode 233 = XF86MonBrightnessUp NoSymbol XF86MonBrightnessUp
keycode 234 = XF86AudioMedia NoSymbol XF86AudioMedia
keycode 235 = XF86Display NoSymbol XF86Display
keycode 236 = XF86KbdLightOnOff NoSymbol XF86KbdLightOnOff
keycode 237 = XF86KbdBrightnessDown NoSymbol XF86KbdBrightnessDown
keycode 238 = XF86KbdBrightnessUp NoSymbol XF86KbdBrightnessUp
keycode 239 = XF86Send NoSymbol XF86Send
keycode 240 = XF86Reply NoSymbol XF86Reply
keycode 241 = XF86MailForward NoSymbol XF86MailForward
keycode 242 = XF86Save NoSymbol XF86Save
keycode 243 = XF86Documents NoSymbol XF86Documents
keycode 244 = XF86Battery NoSymbol XF86Battery
keycode 245 = XF86Bluetooth NoSymbol XF86Bluetooth
keycode 246 = XF86WLAN NoSymbol XF86WLAN
keycode 247 =
keycode 248 =
keycode 249 =
keycode 250 =
keycode 251 =
keycode 252 =
keycode 253 =
keycode 254 =
keycode 255 =