在开发当中调其他系统请求或模拟前端调请求有时会使用到http请求,但java原生类还是比较难用的,一般会自己封装一下,本文展示http请求的一般封装,可以直接拷贝使用。
package com.zqsign.app.privatearbitrate.util;
import org.apache.http.Header;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class HttpClientUtil {
public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
// 创建Httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = createCustomClient();
String resultString = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
// 创建uri
URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(url);
if (param != null) {
for (String key : param.keySet()) {
builder.addParameter(key, param.get(key));
}
}
URI uri = builder.build();
// 创建http GET请求
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);
// 执行请求
response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
// 判断返回状态是否为200
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (response != null) {
response.close();
}
httpclient.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return resultString;
}
public static String doGet(String url) {
return doGet(url, null);
}
public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
// 创建Httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = createCustomClient();
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
String resultString = null;
try {
// 创建Http Post请求
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
// 创建参数列表
if (param != null) {
List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
for (String key : param.keySet()) {
paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, param.get(key)));
}
// 模拟表单
UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList, "utf-8");
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
}
// 执行http请求
response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (response != null) {
response.close();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return resultString;
}
public static String doPost(String url, String body) {
// 创建Httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = createCustomClient();
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
String resultString = null;
try {
// 创建Http Post请求
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
if (body != null) {
httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(body, "utf-8"));
}
// 执行http请求
response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (response != null) {
response.close();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return resultString;
}
public static String doPost(String url) {
return doPost(url, (String) null);
}
public static String doPostJson(String url, String json, Header... headers) {
// 创建Httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = createCustomClient();
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
String resultString = null;
try {
// 创建Http Post请求
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
//添加请求头
if (headers != null && headers.length > 0) {
for (Header header : headers) {
if (header != null) {
httpPost.addHeader(header);
}
}
}
// 创建请求内容
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON);
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
// 执行http请求
response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
}else {
resultString = "调用服务端异常,请联系相关人员";
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (response != null) {
response.close();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return resultString;
}
public static CloseableHttpClient createCustomClient() {
RequestConfig defaultRequestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
.setSocketTimeout(120 * 1000)
.setConnectTimeout(120 * 1000)
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(120 * 1000)
.setStaleConnectionCheckEnabled(true)
.build();
return HttpClients.custom().setDefaultRequestConfig(defaultRequestConfig).build();
}
}
使用:
@Test
public void evidenceTest() {
long a = System.currentTimeMillis();
Map<String,Object> param = getParam("evidence");
long b = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("拼接数据时间:" + (b-a));
String str = JSON.toJSONString(param);
String sign = RsaSign.sign(str, TENANT_PRIVATE_KEY);
BasicHeader header = new BasicHeader("sign_val", sign);
System.out.println(str);
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
String res = HttpClientUtil.doPostJson("http://localhost:8080/web/trade-upload", JSON.toJSONString(param),header);
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("请求接口时间:" + (end-start));
System.out.println("接口反馈信息:" + res);
}
当然,现在已经不用自己封装了,spring3.0之后提供了org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate类来供我们发送http请求。