sqlcipher在IOS中的应用

版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,未经博主允许不得转载。 https://blog.csdn.net/ws_752958369/article/details/84302374

    在iOS开发过程中经常需要用到SQLite来存储数据,由于Apple的沙盒机制,我们App的数据存储在沙盒里面,一般情况下无法拿到数据,但是iOS管理软件iFunBox可以读取到应用程序沙盒里面的文件,因此为了保证数据的安全性,我们需要对数据库进行加密存储,然而,一般的加密存储手段有两种方式:

1、对数据库中的每条数据进行加密。

2、对数据库整个进行加密。

  由于前者较为麻烦,储存和取出是需要进行加解密操作,过程非常繁琐。所以建议采用第二种加密手段,即对整个数据库进行加密。在IOS中,我们经常使用第三方数据库FMDB来简化直接对sqlite的操作,因为FMDB是基于sqlite的oc层封装。然后sqlite并不直接支持对数据库的加密,需要借助第三方工具来sqlcipher来实现。并且FMDB已经提供了sqlcipher的拓展。

  1.Sqlcipher导入方式

a.Pod导入,比较推荐

pod 'FMDB/SQLCipher'

b.手动导入

在导入FMDB的基础上,把Sqlcipher提供的sqlite3.c、sqlite3.h替换掉。

手动修改配置

(1)target -> Build Setting -> Other C Flags添加
     -DSQLITE_HAS_CODEC、
     -DSQLITE_TEMP_STORE=2、
     -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE、
     -DSQLCIPHER_CRYPTO_CC
    几项配置
(2)target -> Build Setting -> Other Linker Flags添加-framework Security配置

然后新建子类FMEncryptDatabase继承于FMDatabase用于设置数据库key,重写open和openWithFlags方法,对于加密的数据库,每次的打开之后都必须使用密码,即设置数据库key.

#import "FMDatabase.h"

@interface FMEncryptDatabase : FMDatabase

/** 如果需要自定义encryptkey,可以调用这个方法修改(在使用之前)*/
+ (void)setEncryptKey:(NSString *)encryptKey;

@end
#import "FMEncryptDatabase.h"

@implementation FMEncryptDatabase

static NSString *encryptKey_;

+ (void)initialize
{
    [super initialize];
    //初始化数据库加密key,在使用之前可以通过 setEncryptKey 修改
    encryptKey_ = @"FDLSAFJEIOQJR34JRI4JIGR93209T489FR";
}

#pragma mark - 重载原来方法
- (BOOL)open {
    if (_db) {
        return YES;
    }
    
    int err = sqlite3_open([self sqlitePath], &_db );
    if(err != SQLITE_OK) {
        NSLog(@"error opening!: %d", err);
        return NO;
    } else {
        //数据库open后设置加密key
        [self setKey:encryptKey_];
    }
    
    if (_maxBusyRetryTimeInterval > 0.0) {
        // set the handler
        [self setMaxBusyRetryTimeInterval:_maxBusyRetryTimeInterval];
    }
    
    return YES;
}

#if SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER >= 3005000
- (BOOL)openWithFlags:(int)flags {
    if (_db) {
        return YES;
    }
    
    int err = sqlite3_open_v2([self sqlitePath], &_db, flags, NULL /* Name of VFS module to use */);
    if(err != SQLITE_OK) {
        NSLog(@"error opening!: %d", err);
        return NO;
    } else {
        //数据库open后设置加密key
        [self setKey:encryptKey_];
    }
    if (_maxBusyRetryTimeInterval > 0.0) {
        // set the handler
        [self setMaxBusyRetryTimeInterval:_maxBusyRetryTimeInterval];
    }
    
    return YES;
}

#endif

- (const char*)sqlitePath {
    
    if (!_databasePath) {
        return ":memory:";
    }
    
    if ([_databasePath length] == 0) {
        return ""; // this creates a temporary database (it's an sqlite thing).
    }
    
    return [_databasePath fileSystemRepresentation];
    
}

#pragma mark - 配置方法
+ (void)setEncryptKey:(NSString *)encryptKey
{
    encryptKey_ = encryptKey;
}

@end

创建FMEncryptDatabaseQueue继承于FMDatabaseQueue,

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "FMDatabaseQueue.h"

@interface FMEncryptDatabaseQueue : FMDatabaseQueue


@end
#import "FMEncryptDatabaseQueue.h"
#import "FMEncryptDatabase.h"

@implementation FMEncryptDatabaseQueue

+ (Class)databaseClass
{
    return [FMEncryptDatabase class];
}

@end

新建一个数据库加密工具类

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface FMEncryptHelper : NSObject

/** 对数据库加密 */
+ (BOOL)encryptDatabase:(NSString *)path;

/** 对数据库解密 */
+ (BOOL)unEncryptDatabase:(NSString *)path;

/** 对数据库加密 */
+ (BOOL)encryptDatabase:(NSString *)sourcePath targetPath:(NSString *)targetPath;

/** 对数据库解密 */
+ (BOOL)unEncryptDatabase:(NSString *)sourcePath targetPath:(NSString *)targetPath;

/** 修改数据库秘钥 */
+ (BOOL)changeKey:(NSString *)dbPath originKey:(NSString *)originKey newKey:(NSString *)newKey;

@end
#import "FMEncryptHelper.h"
#import "sqlite3.h"

@implementation FMEncryptHelper

static NSString *encryptKey_;

+ (void)initialize
{
    encryptKey_ = @"FDLSAFJEIOQJR34JRI4JIGR93209T489FR";
}

//对数据库加密(文件不变)
+ (BOOL)encryptDatabase:(NSString *)path
{
    NSString *sourcePath = path;
    NSString *targetPath = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@.tmp.db", path];
    
    if([self encryptDatabase:sourcePath targetPath:targetPath]) {
        NSFileManager *fm = [[NSFileManager alloc] init];
        [fm removeItemAtPath:sourcePath error:nil];
        [fm moveItemAtPath:targetPath toPath:sourcePath error:nil];
        return YES;
    } else {
        return NO;
    }
}

//对数据库解密(文件不变)
+ (BOOL)unEncryptDatabase:(NSString *)path
{
    NSString *sourcePath = path;
    NSString *targetPath = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@.tmp.db", path];
    
    if([self unEncryptDatabase:sourcePath targetPath:targetPath]) {
        NSFileManager *fm = [[NSFileManager alloc] init];
        [fm removeItemAtPath:sourcePath error:nil];
        [fm moveItemAtPath:targetPath toPath:sourcePath error:nil];
        return YES;
    } else {
        return NO;
    }
}

/** 对数据库加密 */
+ (BOOL)encryptDatabase:(NSString *)sourcePath targetPath:(NSString *)targetPath
{
    //给未加密数据库添加加密的附属数据库
    const char* sqlQ = [[NSString stringWithFormat:@"ATTACH DATABASE '%@' AS encrypted KEY '%@';", targetPath, encryptKey_] UTF8String];
    
    sqlite3 *unencrypted_DB;
    if (sqlite3_open([sourcePath UTF8String], &unencrypted_DB) == SQLITE_OK) {
        
        // Attach empty encrypted database to unencrypted database
        sqlite3_exec(unencrypted_DB, sqlQ, NULL, NULL, NULL);
        
        //begin exclusive transaction,begin deferred transaction(延迟事务)
        //处理数据量比较大的数据库
        sqlite3_exec(unencrypted_DB, "begin exclusive transaction", NULL, NULL, NULL);
        
        // export database
        sqlite3_exec(unencrypted_DB, "SELECT sqlcipher_export('encrypted');", NULL, NULL, NULL);
        
        // Detach encrypted database
        sqlite3_exec(unencrypted_DB, "DETACH DATABASE encrypted;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
        
        //end exclusive transaction
        sqlite3_exec(unencrypted_DB, "commit transaction", NULL, NULL, NULL);
        
        sqlite3_close(unencrypted_DB);
        
        return YES;
    }
    else {
        sqlite3_close(unencrypted_DB);
        NSAssert1(NO, @"Failed to open database with message '%s'.", sqlite3_errmsg(unencrypted_DB));
        
        return NO;
    }
}

/** 对数据库解密 */
+ (BOOL)unEncryptDatabase:(NSString *)sourcePath targetPath:(NSString *)targetPath
{
    //给加密数据库添加未加密的附属数据库
    const char* sqlQ = [[NSString stringWithFormat:@"ATTACH DATABASE '%@' AS plaintext KEY '';", targetPath] UTF8String];
    
    sqlite3 *encrypted_DB;
    if (sqlite3_open([sourcePath UTF8String], &encrypted_DB) == SQLITE_OK) {
        
        
        sqlite3_exec(encrypted_DB, [[NSString stringWithFormat:@"PRAGMA key = '%@';", encryptKey_] UTF8String], NULL, NULL, NULL);
        
        // Attach empty unencrypted database to encrypted database
        sqlite3_exec(encrypted_DB, sqlQ, NULL, NULL, NULL);
        
        // export database
        sqlite3_exec(encrypted_DB, "SELECT sqlcipher_export('plaintext');", NULL, NULL, NULL);
        
        // Detach unencrypted database
        sqlite3_exec(encrypted_DB, "DETACH DATABASE plaintext;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
        
        sqlite3_close(encrypted_DB);
        
        return YES;
    }
    else {
        sqlite3_close(encrypted_DB);
        NSAssert1(NO, @"Failed to open database with message '%s'.", sqlite3_errmsg(encrypted_DB));
        
        return NO;
    }
}

/** 修改数据库秘钥 */
+ (BOOL)changeKey:(NSString *)dbPath originKey:(NSString *)originKey newKey:(NSString *)newKey
{
    sqlite3 *encrypted_DB;
    if (sqlite3_open([dbPath UTF8String], &encrypted_DB) == SQLITE_OK) {
        
        //利用sqlite专有PRAGMA语法,设置key,打开数据库
        sqlite3_exec(encrypted_DB, [[NSString stringWithFormat:@"PRAGMA key = '%@';", originKey] UTF8String], NULL, NULL, NULL);
        //利用sqlite专有PRAGMA语法,重新设置key
        sqlite3_exec(encrypted_DB, [[NSString stringWithFormat:@"PRAGMA rekey = '%@';", newKey] UTF8String], NULL, NULL, NULL);
        
        sqlite3_close(encrypted_DB);
        return YES;
    }
    else {
        sqlite3_close(encrypted_DB);
        NSAssert1(NO, @"Failed to open database with message '%s'.", sqlite3_errmsg(encrypted_DB));
        
        return NO;
    }
}

@end

然后下面提供几种数据库使用情况:

1.创建未加密数据库

FMDatabaseQueue *_queue = [FMDatabaseQueue databaseQueueWithPath:path];

2.创建加密数据库

FMDatabaseQueue *_queue = [FMEncryptDatabaseQueue databaseQueueWithPath:path];

3.读取加密数据库

[FMEncryptDatabase setEncryptKey:originKey];

4.对未加密数据库进行加密

[FMEncryptHelper encryptDatabase:dbPath1];

5.解密数据库,删掉数据库密码

[FMEncryptHelper unEncryptDatabase:dbPath2];

6.改变数据库密码

[FMEncryptHelper changeKey:dbPath1 originKey:originKey newKey:newKey];

关于sqlite中PRAGMA语法的使用,详情请参考https://www.cnblogs.com/songxingzhu/p/3992884.html

参考文章SQLite的总结和使用

猜你喜欢

转载自blog.csdn.net/ws_752958369/article/details/84302374