ADTS格式解析

ADTS介绍:
ADTS全称是(Audio Data Transport Stream),是AAC的一种传输格式。
ADTS AAC
ADTS_header AAC ES ADTS_header AAC ES …ADTS_header AAC ES

2.ADTS内容及结构
ADTS 头中相对有用的信息 采样率、声道数、帧长度。想想也是,我要是解码器的话,你给我一堆得AAC音频ES流我也解不出来。每一个带ADTS头信息的AAC流会清晰的告送解码器他需要的这些信息。

一般情况下ADTS的头信息都是7个字节,分为2部分:

adts_fixed_header();

adts_variable_header();

“`
Struct Adts_Fixed_Head
{
int SyncWord:12;
int ID:1;
int Layer:2;
int Protection_absent:1;
int Profile:2;
int Sampling_Frequency_Index:4;
int Private_bit:1;
int Channel_configuration:3;
int Original_copy:1;
int Home:1;
};
syncword :同步头 总是0xFFF, all bits must be 1,代表着一个ADTS帧的开始

ID:MPEG Version: 0 for MPEG-4, 1 for MPEG-2

Layer:always: ‘00’

profile:表示使用哪个级别的AAC,有些芯片只支持AAC LC 。在MPEG-2 AAC中定义了3种:
index | profile
0 Main profile
1 Low Complexity profie(LC)
2 Scalable Sampling Rate profile(SSR)
3 (reserved)
sampling_frequency_index:表示使用的采样率下标,通过这个下标在 Sampling Frequencies[ ]数组中查找得知采样率的值。
There are 13 supported frequencies:
0: 96000 Hz
1: 88200 Hz
2: 64000 Hz
3: 48000 Hz
4: 44100 Hz
5: 32000 Hz
6: 24000 Hz
7: 22050 Hz
8: 16000 Hz
9: 12000 Hz
10: 11025 Hz
11: 8000 Hz
12: 7350 Hz
13: Reserved
14: Reserved
15: frequency is written explictly
channel_configuration: 表示声道数
0: Defined in AOT Specifc Config
1: 1 channel: front-center
2: 2 channels: front-left, front-right
3: 3 channels: front-center, front-left, front-right
4: 4 channels: front-center, front-left, front-right, back-center
5: 5 channels: front-center, front-left, front-right, back-left, back-right
6: 6 channels: front-center, front-left, front-right, back-left, back-right, LFE-channel
7: 8 channels: front-center, front-left, front-right, side-left, side-right, back-left, back-right, LFE-channel
8-15: Reserved

Adts_Variable_Header
{
int CopyRight_Identification_Bit:1;
int CopyRight_Identification_Start:1;
int Aac_Frame_Length:13;
int Adts_Buffer_Fullness:11;
int Number_Of_Raw_Data_Blocks_In_Frame:2;
};
frame_length : 一个ADTS帧的长度包括ADTS头和AAC原始流.

adts_buffer_fullness:0x7FF 说明是码率可变的码流

3.AAC打包成ADTS格式
通过对ADTS格式的了解,把AAC打包成ADTS,我们只需得到封装格式里面关于音频采样率、声道数、元数据长度、aac格式类型等信息。然后在每个AAC原始流前面加上个ADTS头就OK了。
ffmpeg中添加ADTS头的代码如下:

int ff_adts_write_frame_header(ADTSContext *ctx,
uint8_t *buf, int size, int pce_size)
{
PutBitContext pb;

init_put_bits(&pb, buf, ADTS_HEADER_SIZE);  

/* adts_fixed_header */  
put_bits(&pb, 12, 0xfff);   /* syncword */  
put_bits(&pb, 1, 0);        /* ID */  
put_bits(&pb, 2, 0);        /* layer */  
put_bits(&pb, 1, 1);        /* protection_absent */  
put_bits(&pb, 2, ctx->objecttype); /* profile_objecttype */  
put_bits(&pb, 4, ctx->sample_rate_index);  
put_bits(&pb, 1, 0);        /* private_bit */  
put_bits(&pb, 3, ctx->channel_conf); /* channel_configuration */  
put_bits(&pb, 1, 0);        /* original_copy */  
put_bits(&pb, 1, 0);        /* home */  

/* adts_variable_header */  
put_bits(&pb, 1, 0);        /* copyright_identification_bit */  
put_bits(&pb, 1, 0);        /* copyright_identification_start */  
put_bits(&pb, 13, ADTS_HEADER_SIZE + size + pce_size); /* aac_frame_length */  
put_bits(&pb, 11, 0x7ff);   /* adts_buffer_fullness */  
put_bits(&pb, 2, 0);        /* number_of_raw_data_blocks_in_frame */  

flush_put_bits(&pb);  

return 0;  

}

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转载自blog.csdn.net/u011509690/article/details/82356456