linux安装mysql5.7.24

1、官网下载对应服务器版本的mysql：

我这是centos系统：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/file/?id=481117

2、在服务器创建好存放压缩文件以及解压文件目录：

（本人习惯放在opt目录下）

[root@instance-61ibcsrp opt]# mkdir softwares
[root@instance-61ibcsrp opt]# mkdir modules

3、用ftp将下载好的压缩文件上传至softwares目录下，解压至modules目录下：

[root@instance-61ibcsrp softwares]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /opt/modules/

4、重命名解压后的文件为mysql：

[root@instance-61ibcsrp modules]# mv mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

5、在mysql文件夹下创建data目录：

[root@instance-61ibcsrp mysql]# mkdir data

6、添加mysql用户组和用户，并将mysql用户添到mysql组：

[root@instance-61ibcsrp modules]# groupadd mysql
[root@instance-61ibcsrp modules]# useradd -g mysql mysql

7、将mysql目录下所有文件所有者改为mysql用户：

[root@instance-61ibcsrp modules]# chown -R mysql:mysql *

8、安装mysql：

[root@instance-61ibcsrp mysql]#  ./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/modules/mysql --datadir=/opt/modules/mysql/data --initialize

9、执行以上命令获得初始密码：

2018-11-20T10:10:19.428029Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_tim
2018-11-20T10:10:19.736708Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-11-20T10:10:19.805795Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-11-20T10:10:19.960456Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server aeeb-000c2937887c.
2018-11-20T10:10:19.965735Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-11-20T10:10:19.975224Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ezsS+hnXq0wp

记下初始密码：ezsS+hnXq0wp

10、mysql目录下除了data目录，其它都改回root所有：

[root@instance-61ibcsrp mysql]# chown -R root .
[root@instance-61ibcsrp mysql]# chown -R mysql data

11、用notepad++修改mysql子目录support-files下的mysql.server配置文件：

修改以下内容

# Set some defaults
mysqld_pid_file_path=
if test -z "$basedir"
then
  basedir=/opt/modules/mysql
  bindir=/opt/modules/mysql/bin
  if test -z "$datadir"
  then
    datadir=/opt/modules/mysql/data
  fi
  sbindir=/opt/modules/mysql/bin
  libexecdir=/opt/modules/mysql/bin
else
  bindir="$basedir/bin"
  if test -z "$datadir"
  then
    datadir="$basedir/data"
  fi
  sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
  libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi

12、复制相关启动文件，用于启动服务：

[root@instance-61ibcsrp mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@instance-61ibcsrp mysql]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@instance-61ibcsrp mysql]# cp bin/my_print_defaults  /usr/bin/

13、修改启动脚本mysqld：

[root@instance-61ibcsrp mysql]# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld

修改的内容：

basedir=/opt/modules/mysql/
datadir=/opt/modules/mysql/data
port=3306

14、启动服务：

[root@instance-61ibcsrp mysql]# service mysqld start

15、在 /etc/profile配置mysql启动路径，便于随处目录下都能启动mysql:

[root@instance-61ibcsrp mysql]# vi /etc/profile

加入以下内容

#mysql
export PATH=$PATH:/opt/modules/mysql/bin

刷新配置使其生效

[root@instance-61ibcsrp mysql]# source /etc/profile

16、启动mysql：

密码为上面记下的初始密码：ezsS+hnXq0wp

[root@instance-61ibcsrp mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 61
Server version: 5.7.24

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

17、重新设置密码：

改为123456

mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

18、配置my.cnf文件（也就是windows里的my.ini）:

首先：找到找到mysqld的路径

[root@instance-61ibcsrp mysql]# which mysqld
/opt/modules/mysql/bin/mysqld

然后：根据mysqld路径找到my.cnf配置文件路径

[root@instance-61ibcsrp mysql]# /opt/modules/mysql/bin/mysqld --verbose --help |grep -A 1 'Default options'
mysqld: Can't change dir to '/usr/local/mysql/data/' (Errcode: 2 - No such file or directory)
2018-11-20T06:07:43.563765Z 0 [ERROR] Can't find error-message file '/usr/local/mysql/share/errmsg.sys'. Check error-message file location and 'lc-messages-dir' configuration directive.
Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf

最后：用notepad++配置该文件

19、开放远程连接权限：

[root@instance-61ibcsrp mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 67
Server version: 5.7.24 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

进入mysql，修改user表里user字段值为root的host字段的值：

若要让所有人都能远程连接，则赋值“%”，

若只给某一台电脑赋值，则直接赋值其ip