Xshell 5 (Build 1339)
Copyright (c) 2002-2017 NetSarang Computer, Inc. All rights reserv
Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.
[c:\~]$
Connecting to 192.168.18.128:22...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.
Last login: Sat Sep 15 05:16:18 2018 from 192.168.18.1
[11@localhost ~]$ ls
10 bit_day_11 Desktop Documents file Pictures test.c
11 bithomework dir dor1 file2 Public Videos
a day dir2 Downloads Music Templates
[11@localhost ~]$ ll
total 72
drwxrwxr-x. 2 11 11 4096 Jun 15 09:06 10
drwxrwxr-x. 3 11 11 4096 Apr 9 13:21 11
drwxrwxr-x. 2 11 11 4096 Sep 8 02:56 a
drwxrwxr-x. 3 11 11 4096 Apr 9 13:32 bit_day_11
drwxrwxr-x. 4 11 11 4096 Sep 15 05:28 bithomework
drwxrwxr-x. 6 11 11 4096 Apr 9 13:03 day
drwxr-xr-x. 3 11 11 4096 Sep 9 01:51 Desktop
drwxrwxr-x. 2 11 11 4096 Jun 15 09:06 dir
-rw-rw-r--. 1 11 11 0 Aug 19 13:18 dir2
drwxr-xr-x. 2 11 11 4096 Apr 8 14:26 Documents
drwxrwxr-x. 2 11 11 4096 Jun 22 07:26 dor1
drwxr-xr-x. 2 11 11 4096 Apr 8 14:26 Downloads
-rw-rw-r--. 1 11 11 0 Jun 22 07:25 file
-rw-rw-r--. 1 11 11 63 Jul 13 01:56 file2
drwxr-xr-x. 2 11 11 4096 Apr 8 14:26 Music
drwxr-xr-x. 2 11 11 4096 Apr 8 14:26 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x. 2 11 11 4096 Apr 8 14:26 Public
drwxr-xr-x. 2 11 11 4096 Apr 8 14:26 Templates
drwxrwxr-x. 4 11 11 4096 Apr 9 13:52 test.c
drwxr-xr-x. 2 11 11 4096 Apr 8 14:26 Videos
[11@localhost ~]$
[11@localhost ~]$ cd bithomework
[11@localhost bithomework]$ ls
work1 work2 yt.file
[11@localhost bithomework]$ rm yt.file
[11@localhost bithomework]$ ls
work1 work2
[11@localhost bithomework]$ pwd
/home/11/bithomework
[11@localhost bithomework]$ cd ..
[11@localhost ~]$ pwd
/home/11
[11@localhost ~]$ mkdir work3
[11@localhost ~]$ ls
10 bit_day_11 Desktop Documents file Pictures test.c
11 bithomework dir dor1 file2 Public Videos
a day dir2 Downloads Music Templates work3
[11@localhost ~]$ rm work3
rm: cannot remove `work3': Is a directory
[11@localhost ~]$ cd work3
[11@localhost work3]$ ls
[11@localhost work3]$ pwd
/home/11/work3
[11@localhost work3]$ touch yt_code
[11@localhost work3]$ ls
yt_code
[11@localhost work3]$ pwd
/home/11/work3
[11@localhost work3]$ ls -l ?| more
ls: cannot access ?: No such file or directory
[11@localhost work3]$ ls -l /| more
total 98
dr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Apr 9 13:15 bin
dr-xr-xr-x. 5 root root 1024 Apr 8 14:24 boot
drwxr-xr-x. 18 root root 3740 Sep 15 05:14 dev
drwxr-xr-x. 102 root root 12288 Sep 15 05:15 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Apr 8 14:24 home
dr-xr-xr-x. 10 root root 4096 Apr 8 14:19 lib
dr-xr-xr-x. 9 root root 12288 Apr 9 13:15 lib64
drwx------. 2 root root 16384 Apr 8 14:15 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 9 14:00 media
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Apr 8 14:25 mnt
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Apr 8 14:26 opt
dr-xr-xr-x. 149 root root 0 Sep 15 05:14 proc
dr-xr-x---. 2 root root 4096 Jun 22 09:16 root
dr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root 12288 Apr 9 13:15 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 0 Sep 15 05:14 selinux
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 srv
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 0 Sep 15 05:14 sys
drwxrwxrwt. 54 root root 4096 Sep 15 05:15 tmp
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 4096 Apr 8 14:15 usr
drwxr-xr-x. 21 root root 4096 Apr 8 14:21 var
[11@localhost work3]$ rm yt_code
[11@localhost work3]$ ls
[11@localhost work3]$ cd ..
[11@localhost ~]$ ls
10 bit_day_11 Desktop Documents file Pictures test.c
11 bithomework dir dor1 file2 Public Videos
a day dir2 Downloads Music Templates work3
[11@localhost ~]$ rmdir work3
[11@localhost ~]$ ls
10 bit_day_11 Desktop Documents file Pictures test.c
11 bithomework dir dor1 file2 Public Videos
a day dir2 Downloads Music Templates
[11@localhost ~]$ rmdir dor1
[11@localhost ~]$ ls
10 bit_day_11 Desktop Documents file2 Public Videos
11 bithomework dir Downloads Music Templates
a day dir2 file Pictures test.c
[11@localhost ~]$ rmdir dir2
rmdir: failed to remove `dir2': Not a directory
[11@localhost ~]$ cd dir
[11@localhost dir]$ ls
[11@localhost dir]$ cd ..
[11@localhost ~]$ ls
10 bit_day_11 Desktop Documents file2 Public Videos
11 bithomework dir Downloads Music Templates
a day dir2 file Pictures test.c
[11@localhost ~]$ rm dir2
[11@localhost ~]$ ls
10 bit_day_11 Desktop Downloads Music Templates
11 bithomework dir file Pictures test.c
a day Documents file2 Public Videos
[11@localhost ~]$ rm file
[11@localhost ~]$ ls
10 bit_day_11 Desktop Downloads Pictures test.c
11 bithomework dir file2 Public Videos
a day Documents Music Templates
[11@localhost ~]$ rm file2
[11@localhost ~]$ ls
10 bit_day_11 Desktop Downloads Public Videos
11 bithomework dir Music Templates
a day Documents Pictures test.c
[11@localhost ~]$ cd bithomeork
-bash: cd: bithomeork: No such file or directory
[11@localhost ~]$ ls
10 bit_day_11 Desktop Downloads Public Videos
11 bithomework dir Music Templates
a day Documents Pictures test.c
[11@localhost ~]$ cd bithomework
[11@localhost bithomework]$ ls
work1 work2
[11@localhost bithomework]$ cat work1
cat: work1: Is a directory
[11@localhost bithomework]$ rmdir work2
[11@localhost bithomework]$ ls
work1
[11@localhost bithomework]$ touch file1
[11@localhost bithomework]$ pwd
/home/11/bithomework
[11@localhost bithomework]$ cat file1
[11@localhost bithomework]$ ls
file1 work1
[11@localhost bithomework]$ ls -l /| more
total 98
dr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Apr 9 13:15 bin
dr-xr-xr-x. 5 root root 1024 Apr 8 14:24 boot
drwxr-xr-x. 18 root root 3740 Sep 15 05:14 dev
drwxr-xr-x. 102 root root 12288 Sep 15 05:15 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Apr 8 14:24 home
dr-xr-xr-x. 10 root root 4096 Apr 8 14:19 lib
dr-xr-xr-x. 9 root root 12288 Apr 9 13:15 lib64
drwx------. 2 root root 16384 Apr 8 14:15 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 9 14:00 media
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Apr 8 14:25 mnt
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Apr 8 14:26 opt
dr-xr-xr-x. 149 root root 0 Sep 15 05:14 proc
dr-xr-x---. 2 root root 4096 Jun 22 09:16 root
dr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root 12288 Apr 9 13:15 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 0 Sep 15 05:14 selinux
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 srv
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 0 Sep 15 05:14 sys
drwxrwxrwt. 54 root root 4096 Sep 15 05:15 tmp
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 4096 Apr 8 14:15 usr
drwxr-xr-x. 21 root root 4096 Apr 8 14:21 var
[11@localhost bithomework]$
[11@localhost bithomework]$ ls -l /| less
[11@localhost bithomework]$ date %Y:%m:%d
date: invalid date `%Y:%m:%d'
[11@localhost bithomework]$ date +%Y:%m:%d
2018:09:15
[11@localhost bithomework]$ date +%Y:%m:%d:%H:%M:%S
2018:09:15:05:46:33
[11@localhost bithomework]$ date +%s
1537015616
[11@localhost bithomework]$ cal -3
August 2018 September 2018 October 2018
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
26 27 28 29 30 31 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 28 29 30 31
30
[11@localhost bithomework]$ cal -j
September 2018
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
244
245 246 247 248 249 250 251
252 253 254 255 256 257 258
259 260 261 262 263 264 265
266 267 268 269 270 271 272
273
[11@localhost bithomework]$ cal -y
2018
January February March
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 1 2 3
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
28 29 30 31 25 26 27 28 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
April May June
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
29 30 27 28 29 30 31 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
July August September
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 1
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
29 30 31 26 27 28 29 30 31 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30
October November December
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 1
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
28 29 30 31 25 26 27 28 29 30 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31
[11@localhost bithomework]$
[11@localhost bithomework]$ cal -y 2018
2018
January February March
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 1 2 3
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
28 29 30 31 25 26 27 28 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
April May June
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
29 30 27 28 29 30 31 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
July August September
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 1
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
29 30 31 26 27 28 29 30 31 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30
October November December
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 1
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
28 29 30 31 25 26 27 28 29 30 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31
[11@localhost bithomework]$
[11@localhost bithomework]$
[11@localhost bithomework]$ find file1
file1
[11@localhost bithomework]$ pwd
/home/11/bithomework
[11@localhost bithomework]$ uname -r
2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64
[11@localhost bithomework]$
Linux下的重要目录/proc, /sys, /SElinux, /bin, /usr/lib, /usr/local, /var, /tmp
/bin:
/user/bin:可执行的二进制文件的目录，如常用的ls,tar,mv,cat等。
/sys:
文件系统访问Linux内核。
/SELinux：
SELinux 是一种基于域-类型（dommain-type）的强制访问控制（MAC）安全系统，它由NSA编写并设计成内核模块包含到内核中，相应的某些安全相关的应用也被打了SELinux的补丁，最后还有一个相应的安全策略。
/boot:
放置Linux系统启动时用到的一些文件，/boot/vmlinuz为linux的内核文件，以及/boot/gurb.建议单独分区，分区大小100M即可。
/dev:
存放Linux系统下的设备文件，不建议在此目录下存放可执行文件，重要的配置文件有/etc/inittb,/etc/fstab,/etc/init.d,/etcx11,/etc/eyeconfig,/etc/xinetd.d修改配置文件之前记得备份，注意：/etc/x11存放与Windows相关的设置。
/home:
系统默认的用户家目录，新增用户账号时，用户的家目录都存放在此目录下，~表示当前用户的家目录，~test表示用户test的家目录。建议单独分区，并设置较大的磁盘空间，方便用户存储数据。
/lib:
/user/lib:/user/local/lib:系统使用的函数库的目录，程序在执行过程中，需要调用一些额外的需要函数库的帮助，比较重要的目录为/lib/modules.
/proc:
此目录的数据都在内存中，如系统核心，外部设备，网络状态，由于数据都存放与内存中，所以不占用磁盘空间，比较重要的目录有/proc/cpuinfo,/proc/dma,/proc/ioports,/proc/net/等。
/root；
系统管理员root的家目录，系统第一个启动的分区/,所以最好将/root和/放置在一个分区下。
/sbin:
/user/sbin:/user/local/sbin:超级管理命令，放置刺痛管理员使用的可执行命令，如fdisk,dhutdown,mount等。与bin不同的是，这几个命令是给系统管理员root使用的命令，一般用户只能啊“查看”而不能设置和使用。
/tmp:
一般用户或正在执行的程序临时存放文件的目录，任何人都可以访问，重要数据不可放置在此目录下。
/usr：
应用程序存放目录，/usr/bin 存放应用程序， /usr/share 存放共享数据，/usr/lib 存放不能直接运行的，却是许多程序运行所必需的一些函数库文件。/usr/local:存放软件升级包。/usr/share/doc: 系统说明文件存放目录。/usr/share/man: 程序说明文件存放目录，使用 man ls时会查询/usr/share/man/man1/ls.1.gz的内容建议单独分区，设置较大的磁盘空间
/var：
放置系统执行过程中经常变化的文件，如随时更改的日志文件 /var/log，/var/log/message： 所有的登录文件存放目录，/var/spool/mail： 邮件存放的目录， /var/run: 程序或服务启动