本书特色
1.日本深度学习入门经典畅销书，原版上市不足2年印刷已达100 000册。长期位列日亚“人工智能”类图书榜首，超多五星好评。
2.使用Python 3，尽量不依赖外部库或工具，从零创建一个深度学习模型。
3.示例代码清晰，源代码可下载，需要的运行环境非常简单。读者可以一边读书一边执行程序，简单易上手。
4.使用平实的语言，结合直观的插图和具体的例子，将深度学习的原理掰开揉碎讲解，简明易懂。
5.使用计算图介绍复杂的误差反向传播法，非常直观。
6.相比AI圣经“花书”，本书更合适入门。
对于非AI方向的技术人员，本书将大大降低入门深度学习的门槛；对于在校大学生、研究生，本书不失为学习深度学习的一本好教材；即便是在工作中已经熟练使用框架开发各类深度学习模型的读者，也可以从本书中获得新的体会。——摘自本书译者序
深度学习入门:基于Python的理论与实现 高清中文版PDF电子版下载附源代码 https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ssU7QpC-n5zJ02enum5yVg
译者序······················································· xiii
前言························································· xv
第1 章 Python入门· ··········································· 1
1.1 Python是什么· ········································· 1
1.2 Python的安装· ········································· 2
1.2.1 Python版本· ····································· 2
1.2.2 使用的外部库· ···································· 2
1.2.3 Anaconda发行版· ································· 3
1.3 Python解释器· ········································· 4
1.3.1 算术计算········································· 4
1.3.2 数据类型········································· 5
1.3.3 变量············································ 5
1.3.4 列表············································ 6
1.3.5 字典············································ 7
1.3.6 布尔型·········································· 7
1.3.7 if 语句· ·········································· 8
1.3.8 for 语句········································· 8
1.3.9 函数············································ 9
1.4 Python脚本文件· ······································· 9
vi 目录
1.4.1 保存为文件······································· 9
1.4.2 类· ············································ 10
1.5 NumPy· ·············································· 11
1.5.1 导入NumPy· ···································· 11
1.5.2 生成NumPy数组· ································ 12
1.5.3 NumPy 的算术运算······························· 12
1.5.4 NumPy的N维数组· ······························ 13
1.5.5 广播··········································· 14
1.5.6 访问元素········································ 15
1.6 Matplotlib············································ 16
1.6.1 绘制简单图形· ··································· 16
1.6.2 pyplot 的功能· ··································· 17
1.6.3 显示图像········································ 18
1.7 小结················································· 19
第2 章 感知机················································ 21
2.1 感知机是什么· ········································· 21
2.2 简单逻辑电路· ········································· 23
2.2.1 与门··········································· 23
2.2.2 与非门和或门· ··································· 23
2.3 感知机的实现· ········································· 25
2.3.1 简单的实现······································ 25
2.3.2 导入权重和偏置· ································· 26
2.3.3 使用权重和偏置的实现· ··························· 26
2.4 感知机的局限性· ······································· 28
2.4.1 异或门········································· 28
2.4.2 线性和非线性· ··································· 30
2.5 多层感知机············································ 31
2.5.1 已有门电路的组合· ······························· 31
目录 vii
2.5.2 异或门的实现· ··································· 33
2.6 从与非门到计算机· ····································· 35
2.7 小结················································· 36
第3 章 神经网络·············································· 37
3.1 从感知机到神经网络· ··································· 37
3.1.1 神经网络的例子· ································· 37
3.1.2 复习感知机······································ 38
3.1.3 激活函数登场· ··································· 40
3.2 激活函数·············································· 42
3.2.1 sigmoid 函数· ···································· 42
3.2.2 阶跃函数的实现· ································· 43
3.2.3 阶跃函数的图形· ································· 44
3.2.4 sigmoid 函数的实现· ······························ 45
3.2.5 sigmoid 函数和阶跃函数的比较······················ 46
3.2.6 非线性函数······································ 48
3.2.7 ReLU函数· ····································· 49
3.3 多维数组的运算· ······································· 50
3.3.1 多维数组········································ 50
3.3.2 矩阵乘法········································ 51
3.3.3 神经网络的内积· ································· 55
3.4 3层神经网络的实现· ···································· 56
3.4.1 符号确认········································ 57
3.4.2 各层间信号传递的实现· ··························· 58
3.4.3 代码实现小结· ··································· 62
3.5 输出层的设计· ········································· 63
3.5.1 恒等函数和softmax 函数· ·························· 64
3.5.2 实现softmax 函数时的注意事项· ···················· 66
3.5.3 softmax 函数的特征· ······························ 67
viii 目录
3.5.4 输出层的神经元数量· ····························· 68
3.6 手写数字识别· ········································· 69
3.6.1 MNIST数据集· ·································· 70
3.6.2 神经网络的推理处理· ····························· 73
3.6.3 批处理········································· 75
3.7 小结················································· 79
第4 章 神经网络的学习· ······································· 81
4.1 从数据中学习· ········································· 81
4.1.1 数据驱动········································ 82
4.1.2 训练数据和测试数据· ····························· 84
4.2 损失函数·············································· 85
4.2.1 均方误差········································ 85
4.2.2 交叉熵误差······································ 87
4.2.3 mini-batch 学习· ································· 88
4.2.4 mini-batch 版交叉熵误差的实现· ···················· 91
4.2.5 为何要设定损失函数· ····························· 92
4.3 数值微分·············································· 94
4.3.1 导数··········································· 94
4.3.2 数值微分的例子· ································· 96
4.3.3 偏导数········································· 98
4.4 梯度·················································100
4.4.1 梯度法·········································102
4.4.2 神经网络的梯度· ·································106
4.5 学习算法的实现· ·······································109
4.5.1 2 层神经网络的类·································110
4.5.2 mini-batch 的实现· ·······························114
4.5.3 基于测试数据的评价· ·····························116
4.6 小结·················································118
目录 ix
第5 章 误差反向传播法· ·······································121
5.1 计算图················································121
5.1.1 用计算图求解· ···································122
5.1.2 局部计算········································124
5.1.3 为何用计算图解题· ·······························125
5.2 链式法则··············································126
5.2.1 计算图的反向传播· ·······························127
5.2.2 什么是链式法则· ·································127
5.2.3 链式法则和计算图· ·······························129
5.3 反向传播··············································130
5.3.1 加法节点的反向传播· ·····························130
5.3.2 乘法节点的反向传播· ·····························132
5.3.3 苹果的例子······································133
5.4 简单层的实现· ·········································135
5.4.1 乘法层的实现· ···································135
5.4.2 加法层的实现· ···································137
5.5 激活函数层的实现· ·····································139
5.5.1 ReLU层· ·······································139
5.5.2 Sigmoid 层······································141
5.6 Affine/Softmax层的实现·································144
5.6.1 Affine层· ·······································144
5.6.2 批版本的Affine层· ·······························148
5.6.3 Softmax-with-Loss 层· ····························150
5.7 误差反向传播法的实现· ·································154
5.7.1 神经网络学习的全貌图· ···························154
5.7.2 对应误差反向传播法的神经网络的实现· ··············155
5.7.3 误差反向传播法的梯度确认························158
5.7.4 使用误差反向传播法的学习························159
5.8 小结·················································161
x 目录
第6 章 与学习相关的技巧· ·····································163
6.1 参数的更新············································163
6.1.1 探险家的故事· ···································164
6.1.2 SGD· ··········································164
6.1.3 SGD的缺点· ····································166
6.1.4 Momentum······································168
6.1.5 AdaGrad········································170
6.1.6 Adam· ·········································172
6.1.7 使用哪种更新方法呢· ·····························174
6.1.8 基于MNIST数据集的更新方法的比较· ···············175
6.2 权重的初始值· ·········································176
6.2.1 可以将权重初始值设为0 吗· ························176
6.2.2 隐藏层的激活值的分布· ···························177
6.2.3 ReLU的权重初始值·······························181
6.2.4 基于MNIST数据集的权重初始值的比较· ·············183
6.3 Batch Normalization· ···································184
6.3.1 Batch Normalization 的算法· ·······················184
6.3.2 Batch Normalization 的评估· ·······················186
6.4 正则化················································188
6.4.1 过拟合·········································189
6.4.2 权值衰减········································191
6.4.3 Dropout· ·······································192
6.5 超参数的验证· ·········································195
6.5.1 验证数据········································195
6.5.2 超参数的最优化· ·································196
6.5.3 超参数最优化的实现· ·····························198
6.6 小结·················································200
目录 xi
第7 章 卷积神经网络· ·········································201
7.1 整体结构··············································201
7.2 卷积层················································202
7.2.1 全连接层存在的问题· ·····························203
7.2.2 卷积运算········································203
7.2.3 填充···········································206
7.2.4 步幅···········································207
7.2.5 3 维数据的卷积运算· ······························209
7.2.6 结合方块思考· ···································211
7.2.7 批处理·········································213
7.3 池化层················································214
7.4 卷积层和池化层的实现· ·································216
7.4.1 4 维数组· ·······································216
7.4.2 基于im2col 的展开· ·······························217
7.4.3 卷积层的实现· ···································219
7.4.4 池化层的实现· ···································222
7.5 CNN的实现· ··········································224
7.6 CNN的可视化· ········································228
7.6.1 第1 层权重的可视化·······························228
7.6.2 基于分层结构的信息提取· ·························230
7.7 具有代表性的CNN·····································231
7.7.1 LeNet· ·········································231
7.7.2 AlexNet········································232
7.8 小结·················································233
第8 章 深度学习··············································235
8.1 加深网络··············································235
8.1.1 向更深的网络出发· ·······························235
8.1.2 进一步提高识别精度· ·····························238
xii 目录
8.1.3 加深层的动机· ···································240
8.2 深度学习的小历史· ·····································242
8.2.1 ImageNet· ······································243
8.2.2 VGG· ··········································244
8.2.3 GoogLeNet· ·····································245
8.2.4 ResNet· ········································246
8.3 深度学习的高速化· ·····································248
8.3.1 需要努力解决的问题· ·····························248
8.3.2 基于GPU的高速化· ······························249
8.3.3 分布式学习······································250
8.3.4 运算精度的位数缩减· ·····························252
8.4 深度学习的应用案例· ···································253
8.4.1 物体检测········································253
8.4.2 图像分割········································255
8.4.3 图像标题的生成· ·································256
8.5 深度学习的未来· ·······································258
8.5.1 图像风格变换· ···································258
8.5.2 图像的生成······································259
8.5.3 自动驾驶········································261
8.5.4 Deep Q-Network（强化学习）· ·······················262
8.6 小结·················································264
附录A Softmax-with-Loss 层的计算图· ···························267
A.1 正向传播· ············································268
A.2 反向传播· ············································270
A.3 小结· ················································277
参考文献· ····················································279