CentOS7 安装MySQL5.6

1. 检查是否有MariaDB和MySQL，如果有则卸载掉

 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# rpm -qa | egrep "mariadb|mysql"
  mariadb-server-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
  mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
  mariadb-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
  mariadb-devel-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-server-5.5.60 mariadb-libs-5.5.60 mariadb-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 mariadb-devel

2. 下载MySQL5.6二进制安装包，选择（Linux-Generic）版

 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.42-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

3. 解压到/usr/local中改名，并创建软链接

 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# tar xf mysql-5.6.42-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  -C /usr/local/
 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# mv /usr/local/mysql-5.6.42-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql-5.6.42
 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.6.42/ /usr/local/mysql
 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# ll /usr/local/
  total 4
  drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 bin
  drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 etc
  drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 games
  drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 include
  drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 lib
  drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 lib64
  drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 libexec
  lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root   24 Nov 29 19:40 mysql -> /usr/local/mysql-5.6.42/
  drwxr-xr-x  13 root root 4096 Nov 29 19:39 mysql-5.6.42
  drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 sbin
  drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root   46 Apr 11  2018 share
  drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 src

4. 创建用户组和用户名

 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# groupadd mysql
 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql -s /sbin/nologin

5. 修改配置文件

 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
  [mysql]
  default-character-set=utf8 
  [mysqld]
  skip-name-resolve
  port = 3306 
  server_id = 1
  log_bin = mysql-bin
  socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
  basedir=/usr/local/mysql
  datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
  max_connections=200
  character-set-server=utf8
  default-storage-engine=INNODB
  lower_case_table_name=1
  max_allowed_packet=16M
  sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 
  [client]
  socket  = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

6. 进入mysql目录初始化数据

[root@192-168-7-77 ~]# chown mysql.mysql -R /usr/local/mysql
[root@192-168-7-77 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts/
[root@192-168-7-77 /usr/local/mysql/scripts]# ./mysql_install_db  --user=mysql  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

7. 配置环境变量

 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# echo MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql/ >>/etc/profile
 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# echo PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin >> /etc/profile
 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# source /etc/profile

8. 启动MySQL，并设置开机自启

 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# chkconfig --add mysqld
 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# chkconfig mysqld on
 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

9. 设置数据库登录密码

 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot password '123456'

10. 登录数据库删除无用的帐号

 [root@192-168-7-77 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'123456'
  mysql> delete from mysql.user where user='';
  Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)

  mysql> delete from mysql.user where host='::1';
  Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
  mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
  +------+----------------------------+
  | user | host                       |
  +------+----------------------------+
  | root | 127.0.0.1                  |
  | root | 192-168-7-77               |
  | root | localhost                  |
  +------+----------------------------+
  3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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