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本章内容：
1. PL/SQL调优工具
2. PL/SQL优化级别
3. 子程序内联
代码如下：
1. 查看PROFTAB.sql内容
Rem
Rem $Header: plsql/admin/proftab.sql /main/4 2013/07/08 10:56:15 sylin Exp $
Rem
Rem proftab.sql
Rem
Rem Copyright (c) 1998, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Rem All rights reserved.
Rem
Rem NAME
Rem proftab.sql
Rem
Rem DESCRIPTION
Rem Create tables for the PL/SQL profiler
Rem
Rem NOTES
Rem The following tables are required to collect data:
Rem plsql_profiler_runs - information on profiler runs
Rem plsql_profiler_units - information on each lu profiled
Rem plsql_profiler_data - profiler data for each lu profiled
Rem
Rem The plsql_profiler_runnumber sequence is used for generating unique
Rem run numbers.
Rem
Rem The tables and sequence can be created in the schema for each user
Rem who wants to gather profiler data. Alternately these tables can be
Rem created in a central schema. In the latter case the user creating
Rem these objects is responsible for granting appropriate privileges
Rem (insert,update on the tables and select on the sequence) to all
Rem users who want to store data in the tables. Appropriate synonyms
Rem must also be created so the tables are visible from other user
Rem schemas.
Rem
Rem The other tables are used for rolling up to line level; the views are
Rem used to roll up across multiple runs. These are not required to
Rem collect data, but help with analysis of the gathered data.
Rem
Rem THIS SCRIPT DELETES ALL EXISTING DATA!
Rem
Rem MODIFIED (MM/DD/YY)
Rem sylin 06/12/13 - long identifier
Rem jmuller 10/07/99 - Fix bug 708690: TAB -> blank
Rem astocks 04/19/99 - Add owner,related_run field to runtab
Rem astocks 10/21/98 - Add another spare field
Rem ciyer 09/15/98 - Create tables for profiler
Rem ciyer 09/15/98 - Created
Rem
drop table plsql_profiler_data cascade constraints;
drop table plsql_profiler_units cascade constraints;
drop table plsql_profiler_runs cascade constraints;
drop sequence plsql_profiler_runnumber;
create table plsql_profiler_runs
(
runid number primary key, -- unique run identifier,
-- from plsql_profiler_runnumber
related_run number, -- runid of related run (for client/
-- server correlation)
run_owner varchar2(32), -- user who started run -- dbms_id
run_date date, -- start time of run
run_comment varchar2(2047), -- user provided comment for this run
run_total_time number, -- elapsed time for this run
run_system_info varchar2(2047), -- currently unused
run_comment1 varchar2(2047), -- additional comment
spare1 varchar2(256) -- unused
);
comment on table plsql_profiler_runs is
'Run-specific information for the PL/SQL profiler';
create table plsql_profiler_units
(
runid number references plsql_profiler_runs,
unit_number number, -- internally generated library unit #
unit_type varchar2(32), -- library unit type
unit_owner varchar2(32), -- library unit owner name -- dbms_id
unit_name varchar2(32), -- library unit name -- dbms_id
-- timestamp on library unit, can be used to detect changes to
-- unit between runs
unit_timestamp date,
total_time number DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
spare1 number, -- unused
spare2 number, -- unused
--
primary key (runid, unit_number)
);
comment on table plsql_profiler_units is
'Information about each library unit in a run';
create table plsql_profiler_data
(
runid number, -- unique (generated) run identifier
unit_number number, -- internally generated library unit #
line# number not null, -- line number in unit
total_occur number, -- number of times line was executed
total_time number, -- total time spent executing line
min_time number, -- minimum execution time for this line
max_time number, -- maximum execution time for this line
spare1 number, -- unused
spare2 number, -- unused
spare3 number, -- unused
spare4 number, -- unused
--
primary key (runid, unit_number, line#),
foreign key (runid, unit_number) references plsql_profiler_units
);
comment on table plsql_profiler_data is
'Accumulated data from all profiler runs';
create sequence plsql_profiler_runnumber start with 1 nocache;
2. 在C##STUDENT模式下运行PROFTAB.sql脚本
SQL> show user
USER is "C##STUDENT"
SQL> @D:\app\pdh\product\12.1.0\dbhome_2\RDBMS\ADMIN\proftab.sql
Table dropped.
Table dropped.
Table dropped.
Sequence dropped.
Table created.
Comment created.
Table created.
Comment created.
Table created.
Comment created.
Sequence created.3. 在SYS模式下运行PROFLOAD.sql脚本，并对C##STUDENT授权
SQL> @D:\app\pdh\product\12.1.0\dbhome_2\RDBMS\ADMIN\profload.sql
Session altered.
Package created.
Grant succeeded.
Synonym created.
Session altered.
Session altered.
Library created.
Package body created.
Session altered.
Testing for correct installation
SYS.DBMS_PROFILER successfully loaded.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> grant execute on dbms_profiler to c##student
2 ;
Grant succeeded.4. 在c##student模式下测试1 （Optimizer level at 0）
SQL> show user
USER is "C##STUDENT"
SQL> SET TIMING ON;
SQL> ALTER SESSION SET PLSQL_OPTIMIZE_LEVEL = 0;
Session altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
SQL> /* Formatted on 2018/11/20 0:01:52 (QP5 v5.256.13226.35538) */
SQL> DECLARE
2 v_num1 NUMBER;
3 v_num2 NUMBER;
4 v_num3 NUMBER;
5 v_run_id BINARY_INTEGER; -- run ID generated by the profiler
6 BEGIN
7 DBMS_PROFILER.START_PROFILER ('Optimizer level at 0');
8
9 FOR i IN 1 .. 1000000
10 LOOP
11 v_num1 := 1;
12 v_num2 := i + i / 2 + SQRT (i);
13 v_num3 := v_num1 + v_num2;
14 END LOOP;
15
16 DBMS_PROFILER.STOP_PROFILER ();
17
18 SELECT min(runid)
19 INTO v_run_id
20 FROM plsql_profiler_runs
21 WHERE run_comment = 'Optimizer level at 0';
22
23 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (
24 'Optimizer level at 0, run ID - ' || v_run_id);
25 END;
26 /
Optimizer level at 0, run ID - 1
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Elapsed: 00:00:02.005. 继续测试（Optimizer level at 1）
SQL> ALTER SESSION SET PLSQL_OPTIMIZE_LEVEL = 1;
Session altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
SQL> /* Formatted on 2018/11/20 21:31:19 (QP5 v5.256.13226.35538) */
SQL> DECLARE
2 v_num1 NUMBER;
3 v_num2 NUMBER;
4 v_num3 NUMBER;
5 v_run_id BINARY_INTEGER; -- run ID generated by the profiler
6 BEGIN
7 DBMS_PROFILER.START_PROFILER ('Optimizer level at 1');
8
9 FOR i IN 1 .. 1000000
10 LOOP
11 v_num1 := 1;
12 v_num2 := i + i / 2 + SQRT (i);
13 v_num3 := v_num1 + v_num2;
14 END LOOP;
15
16 DBMS_PROFILER.STOP_PROFILER ();
17
18 SELECT min(runid)
19 INTO v_run_id
20 FROM plsql_profiler_runs
21 WHERE run_comment = 'Optimizer level at 1';
22
23 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (
24 'Optimizer level at 1, run ID - ' || v_run_id);
25 END;
26 /
Optimizer level at 1, run ID - 2
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Elapsed: 00:00:02.986. 继续测试（Optimizer level at 2）
SQL> ALTER SESSION SET PLSQL_OPTIMIZE_LEVEL = 2;
Session altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
SQL> DECLARE
2 v_num1 NUMBER;
3 v_num2 NUMBER;
4 v_num3 NUMBER;
5 v_run_id BINARY_INTEGER; -- run ID generated by the profiler
6 BEGIN
7 DBMS_PROFILER.START_PROFILER ('Optimizer level at 2');
8
9 FOR i IN 1 .. 1000000
10 LOOP
11 v_num1 := 1;
12 v_num2 := i + i / 2 + SQRT (i);
13 v_num3 := v_num1 + v_num2;
14 END LOOP;
15
16 DBMS_PROFILER.STOP_PROFILER ();
17
18 SELECT min(runid)
19 INTO v_run_id
20 FROM plsql_profiler_runs
21 WHERE run_comment = 'Optimizer level at 2';
22
23 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (
24 'Optimizer level at 2, run ID - ' || v_run_id);
25 END;
26 /
Optimizer level at 2, run ID - 3
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Elapsed: 00:00:02.297. 查看由PL/SQL剖析器生成的数据
SQL> col runid for 9
SQL> col run_comment for a30
SQL> col line# for 99
SQL> col total_occur 9999999
SQL> col total_occur for 9999999
SQL> col total_time for 9999999999
SQL> SELECT R.RUNID,
2 R.RUN_COMMENT,
3 D.LINE#,
4 D.TOTAL_OCCUR,
5 D.TOTAL_TIME
6 FROM PLSQL_PROFILER_RUNS R, PLSQL_PROFILER_DATA D, PLSQL_PROFILER_UNITS U
7 WHERE R.RUNID = D.RUNID
8 AND D.RUNID = U.RUNID
9 AND D.UNIT_NUMBER = U.UNIT_NUMBER
10 AND D.TOTAL_OCCUR > 0
11 ORDER BY D.RUNID, D.LINE#;
RUNID RUN_COMMENT LINE# TOTAL_OCCUR TOTAL_TIME
----- ------------------------------ ----- ----------- -----------
2 Optimizer level at 1 9 1000001 130145331
2 Optimizer level at 1 11 1000000 137672334
2 Optimizer level at 1 12 1000000 1464785069
2 Optimizer level at 1 13 1000000 182513305
2 Optimizer level at 1 14 1 0
2 Optimizer level at 1 16 1 4000
3 Optimizer level at 2 9 1000001 169299824
3 Optimizer level at 2 11 1000000 0
3 Optimizer level at 2 12 1000000 1216234601
3 Optimizer level at 2 13 1000000 216410666
3 Optimizer level at 2 16 1 5013
4 Optimizer level at 0 9 1000001 170080040
4 Optimizer level at 0 11 1000000 244403943
4 Optimizer level at 0 12 1000000 1646097380
4 Optimizer level at 0 13 1000000 242038640
4 Optimizer level at 0 14 1 0
4 Optimizer level at 0 16 1 50178. 继续测试（对于空操作，两个优化级别的性能提高很明显）
SQL> -- Create test table
SQL> CREATE TABLE TEST_TAB
2 (col1 NUMBER);
Table created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
SQL>
SQL> -- Populate newly created table with random data
SQL> INSERT INTO TEST_TAB
2 SELECT ROUND(DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE (1, 99999999), 0)
3 FROM dual
4 CONNECT by level < 100001;
100000 rows created.
Elapsed: 00:00:01.06
SQL> COMMIT;
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
SQL>
SQL> -- Collect statistics
SQL> EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS (user, 'TEST_TAB');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05
SQL>
SQL> -- Run the same code sample with different optimization levels
SQL> ALTER SESSION SET PLSQL_OPTIMIZE_LEVEL = 1;
Session altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
SQL>
SQL> BEGIN
2 FOR rec IN (SELECT col1 FROM test_tab)
3 LOOP
4 null; -- do nothing
5 END LOOP;
6 END;
7 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Elapsed: 00:00:01.07
SQL>
SQL> ALTER SESSION SET PLSQL_OPTIMIZE_LEVEL = 2;
Session altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
SQL>
SQL> BEGIN
2 FOR REC IN (SELECT col1 FROM test_tab)
3 LOOP
4 NULL; -- do nothing
5 END LOOP;
6 END;
7 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.069. 继续测试（对于插入操作，两个优化级别的性能提高不明显）
SQL> -- Create test table
SQL> CREATE TABLE test_tab1 (col1 NUMBER);
Table created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
SQL>
SQL> -- Run the same code sample with different optimization levels
SQL> ALTER SESSION SET PLSQL_OPTIMIZE_LEVEL = 1;
Session altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
SQL>
SQL> BEGIN
2 FOR rec IN (SELECT col1 FROM test_tab)
3 LOOP
4 INSERT INTO TEST_TAB1 VALUES (rec.col1); -- populate newly created table
5 END LOOP;
6 END;
7 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Elapsed: 00:00:05.10
SQL>
SQL> ALTER SESSION SET PLSQL_OPTIMIZE_LEVEL = 2;
Session altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
SQL>
SQL> BEGIN
2 FOR REC IN (SELECT col1 FROM test_tab)
3 LOOP
4 INSERT INTO TEST_TAB1 VALUES (rec.col1); -- populate newly created table
5 END LOOP;
6 END;
7 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Elapsed: 00:00:04.87