linux oracle 表空间常用操作

1、

su - oracle

sqlplus / as sysdba

2、创建数据表空间

 create tablespace FUCK datafile '/data/oradata/ora11g/FUCK.DBF' size 7024M autoextend ON next 100M maxsize 8024M extent management local;;

  FUCK  表空间名字

 /data/oradata/ora11g/FUCK.DBF  存放数据库文件的地方，一般是安装数据库后有控制文件，数据文件和日志文件的文件夹，再加上要创建表空间的名字+dbf （数据文件）

 7024M    表空间的初始大小

100M       表空间的自动增长大小

 8024M    表空间最大的大小

3、创建临时表空间

 create temporary tablespace FUCK_temp tempfile '/data/oradata/ora11g/FUCK_temp.DBF' size 7024M autoextend on next 100M maxsize  8024M extent management local;
 

查看表空间文件位置：

select * from dba_data_files;

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4、创建用户并指定表空间

 create user FUCK identified by FUCK
default tablespace FUCK
temporary tablespace FUCK_temp;

5、给用户授予权限

grant connect,resource,dba to FUCK;

6、删除表空间

 drop tablespace FUCK including contents and datafiles cascade constraints;

说明：

including contents 删除表空间中的内容，如果删除表空间之前表空间中有内容，而未加此参数，表空间删不掉，所以习惯性的加此参数

including datafiles 删除表空间中的数据文件

cascade constraints 同时删除 tablespace 中表的外键参照

7、修改表空间为扩展并限制最大值

查询当前数据库中表空间是否为自动扩展

select tablespace_name,file_name,autoextensible from dba_data_files;

.通过修改表空间的数据文件为自动扩展达到表空间为自动扩展的目的，并限制文件最大值
alter database datafile '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/caacdb/system01.dbf' autoextend on NEXT 50M maxsize 31G;
alter database datafile '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/caacdb/undotbs01.dbf' autoextend on NEXT 50M maxsize 31G;
alter database datafile '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/caacdb/sysaux01.dbf' autoextend on NEXT 50M maxsize 31G;

alter database datafile '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/caacdb/users01.dbf' autoextend on NEXT 50M maxsize 31G;

开启自动扩展功能语法：
alter database datafile '对应的数据文件路径信息' autoextend on;
关闭自动扩展功能语法：
alter database datafile '对应的数据文件路径信息' autoextend off;

8、查看Oracle表空间大小及所剩空间大小

select f.tablespace_name,
       a.total,
       u.used,
       f.free,
       round((u.used / a.total) * 100) "% USED",
       round((f.free / a.total) * 100) "% FREE"
  from (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes / (1024 * 1024)) total
          from dba_data_files
         group by tablespace_name) a,
       (select tablespace_name, round(sum(bytes / (1024 * 1024))) used
          from dba_extents
         group by tablespace_name) u,
       (select tablespace_name, round(sum(bytes / (1024 * 1024))) free
          from dba_free_space
         group by tablespace_name) f
 where a.tablespace_name = f.tablespace_name
   and a.tablespace_name = u.tablespace_name;

下面这种方法更快：

select a.tablespace_name,
       a.bytes / 1024 / 1024 "Sum MB",
       (a.bytes - b.bytes) / 1024 / 1024 "used MB",
       b.bytes / 1024 / 1024 "free MB",
       round(((a.bytes - b.bytes) / a.bytes) * 100, 2) "percent_used"
  from (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) bytes
          from dba_data_files
         group by tablespace_name) a,
       (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) bytes, max(bytes) largest
          from dba_free_space
         group by tablespace_name) b
 where a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name
 order by ((a.bytes - b.bytes) / a.bytes) desc;

9、Oracle 查看表空间的大小及使用情况sql语句

1、查看表空间的名称及大小
SELECT t.tablespace_name, round(SUM(bytes / (1024 * 1024)), 0) ts_size
FROM dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d
WHERE t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name
GROUP BY t.tablespace_name;
--2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小
SELECT tablespace_name,
file_id,
file_name,
round(bytes / (1024 * 1024), 0) total_space
FROM dba_data_files
ORDER BY tablespace_name;
--3、查看回滚段名称及大小
SELECT segment_name,
tablespace_name,
r.status,
(initial_extent / 1024) initialextent,
(next_extent / 1024) nextextent,
max_extents,
v.curext curextent
FROM dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v
WHERE r.segment_id = v.usn(+)
ORDER BY segment_name;
--4、查看控制文件
SELECT NAME FROM v$controlfile;
--5、查看日志文件
SELECT MEMBER FROM v$logfile;
--6、查看表空间的使用情况
SELECT SUM(bytes) / (1024 * 1024) AS free_space, tablespace_name
FROM dba_free_space
GROUP BY tablespace_name;
SELECT a.tablespace_name,
a.bytes total,
b.bytes used,
c.bytes free,
(b.bytes * 100) / a.bytes "% USED ",
(c.bytes * 100) / a.bytes "% FREE "
FROM sys.sm$ts_avail a, sys.sm$ts_used b, sys.sm$ts_free c
WHERE a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name
AND a.tablespace_name = c.tablespace_name;
--7、查看数据库库对象
SELECT owner, object_type, status, COUNT(*) count#
FROM all_objects
GROUP BY owner, object_type, status;
--8、查看数据库的版本　
SELECT version
FROM product_component_version
WHERE substr(product, 1, 6) = 'Oracle';
--9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式
SELECT created, log_mode, log_mode FROM v$database;

--1G=1024MB
--1M=1024KB
--1K=1024Bytes
--1M=11048576Bytes
--1G=1024*11048576Bytes=11313741824Bytes
SELECT a.tablespace_name "表空间名",
total "表空间大小",
free "表空间剩余大小",
(total - free) "表空间使用大小",
total / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空间大小(G)",
free / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空间剩余大小(G)",
(total - free) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空间使用大小(G)",
round((total - free) / total, 4) * 100 "使用率 %"
FROM (SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) free
FROM dba_free_space
GROUP BY tablespace_name) a,
(SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) total
FROM dba_data_files
GROUP BY tablespace_name) b
WHERE a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name