Spring注解配置Mongo及基本CRUD操作简介

Mongo安装配置参考基本操作等可参考http://www.runoob.com/mongodb/mongodb-tutorial.html，其中help()方法十分实用，可以不用让使用者不用记太多方法，如help.collection.help()会显示集合（相当于传统数据库中的的表）的所有方法，db.help()则显示数据库操作的所有方法。现在直接进主题：Mongo注解配置（对比XML配置真的十分十分简便）。

POM添加以下依赖，测试前mongod.exe服务器需处于打开状态：

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
  <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
  <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId>
  <version>1.10.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>junit</groupId>
  <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
  <version>4.12</version>
</dependency>

POJO:

1.Order:

package per.nosql.pojo;

import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Field;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;

/**
 * Created by Wilson on 2017/5/5.
 */
@Document
public class Order {
    @Id
    private String id;
    private String customer;
    private String type;
    private Collection<Item> items = new LinkedHashSet<Item>();

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public void setCustomer(String customer) {
        this.customer = customer;
    }

    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public void setItems(Collection<Item> items) {
        this.items = items;
    }

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public String getCustomer() {
        return customer;
    }

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public Collection<Item> getItems() {
        return items;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Order{" +
                "id='" + id + '\'' +
                ", customer='" + customer + '\'' +
                ", type='" + type + '\'' +
                ", itemsSize=" + items.size() +
                '}';
    }
}

2.Item:

package per.nosql.pojo;

/**
 * Created by Wilson on 2017/5/5.
 */
public class Item {
    private Long id;
    private Order order;
    private String product;
    private double price;
    private int quantity;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public Order getOrder() {
        return order;
    }

    public void setOrder(Order order) {
        this.order = order;
    }

    public String getProduct() {
        return product;
    }

    public void setProduct(String product) {
        this.product = product;
    }

    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public int getQuantity() {
        return quantity;
    }

    public void setQuantity(int quantity) {
        this.quantity = quantity;
    }
}

Mongo配置类MongoConfig.class：

package per.nosql.config;

import com.mongodb.Mongo;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.config.AbstractMongoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.config.EnableMongoRepositories;

/**
 * Created by Wilson on 2017/5/5.
 */
@Configuration
@EnableMongoRepositories(basePackages = "per.nosql.dao")    //扫描指定包下的API，对比Mybatis的MapperScanner配置简单很多
public class MongoConfig extends AbstractMongoConfiguration{

    /**
     * @return Mongo数据库名,可通过打开mongo.exe输入show db查看
     */
    @Override
    protected String getDatabaseName() {
        return "test";
    }

    /**
     * @return 返回MongoClient，构造方法可设置服务器和端口号，默认服务器为"127.0.0.1",端口为27017，详情可看源码
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public Mongo mongo() throws Exception {
        return new MongoClient();
    }
}

MongoTemplate已在AbstractMongoConfiguration中进行了初始化，若需更多的扩展配置可重载AbstractMongoConfiguration中的方法。

DAO接口：

package per.nosql.dao;

import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.MongoRepository;
import per.nosql.pojo.Order;

/**
 * Created by Wilson on 2017/5/5.
 */
public interface OrderRepository extends MongoRepository<Order,String>{
}

MongoRepository接口中已含基本的增删改查操作，任何扩展Repository的接口将会在运行时自动生成实现

测试：

package per.nosql.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import per.nosql.config.MongoConfig;
import per.nosql.dao.OrderRepository;
import per.nosql.pojo.Item;
import per.nosql.pojo.Order;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

/**
 * Created by Wilson on 2017/5/5.
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = MongoConfig.class)
public class MongoTest {

    @Autowired
    OrderRepository orderRepository;

    @Test
    public void addOrder() {
        Order order = createOrder();
        orderRepository.insert(order);
        order.setType("second");
        orderRepository.insert(order);
        System.out.println(order);
//        assertEquals(1,orderRepository.count());
    }

    @Test
    public void updateOrder(){
        Order order = createOrder();
        order.setId("590c4172b81ff1d2f58665e7");
        order.setCustomer("Wilson");
        orderRepository.save(order);
    }

    @Test
    public void findAllOrders(){
        List<Order> orderList = orderRepository.findAll();
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
        orderList.forEach(each -> buffer.append(each).append("\n"));
        System.out.println(buffer.toString());
    }

    private Order createOrder(){
        Order order = new Order();
        order.setType("Test");
//        order.setCustomer("William");

        Item item1 = new Item();
        item1.setPrice(15);
        item1.setProduct("Java Mongo");
        item1.setQuantity(6);
      /*  Item item2 = new Item();
        item2.setPrice(13);
        item2.setProduct("Java Web");
        item2.setQuantity(3);*/
        order.setItems(Arrays.asList(item1));
        return order;
    }
}

save()方法既可进行插入数据，也可进行更新数据，更新时是若有属性为null则对应的字段都将更新为null，官方不推荐使用insert而推荐save进行数据插入，源码如下，主要是为了取代避免特异性存储API的使用

* Inserts the given entity. Assumes the instance to be new to be able to apply insertion optimizations. Use
* the returned instance for further operations as the save operation might have changed the entity instance
* completely. Prefer using {@link #save(Object)} instead to avoid the usage of store-specific API.

无论是insert还是save，执行成功后都会对实体进行ID回填，当再次进行save操作则是进行更新，更多的结果大家可自己操作获得，具体测试结果就不截图显示了，如想添加其它的方法如条件查询之类的请耐心等待下一篇。

Spring注解配置Mongo及基本CRUD操作简介

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