一.列表 list
1特点:
①列表可更改
②方括号 [1, 2, 3]
2常用列表操作:
①索引:
>>> list1 = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
>>> list1[4]
5
②分片:
>>> list1[3:6]
[4, 5, 6]
>>> list1[8:1:-2]
[9, 7, 5, 3]
③相加:
>>> list2=[11,22]
>>> list1+list2
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 22]
④相乘:
>>> [11,22]*3
[11, 22, 11, 22, 11, 22]
⑤成员资格:
>>> 5 in list1
True
>>> if 11 in list2: print('good')
...
good
⑥长度、最小值、最大值:
>>> len(list1)
10
>>> min([1,3,6])
1
>>> max(list2)
22
⑦删除列表元素
>>> del list1[3]
>>> list1
[1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
>>> list2[0:1]=[]
>>> list2
[22]
⑧分片赋值
>>> list3=[1,2,3,4,5]
>>> list3[0:2]=[33,44]
>>> list3
[33, 44, 3, 4, 5]
>>> list3[3:3]=[66,77]
>>> list3
[33, 44, 3, 66, 77, 4, 5]
3常用列表函数
①append 末尾添加
>>> list4=[1,2,3]
>>> list4.append(4)
>>> list4
[1, 2, 3, 4]
②count 数量
>>> list4.count(3)
1
③extend 延伸
>>> list5=[5,6]
>>> list4.extend(list5)
>>> list4
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
④index 索引
>>> list4.index(5)
4
⑤insert 指定元素后插入
>>> list4.insert(5,55)
>>> list4
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 55, 6]
>>> list4[3:3]=[44]
>>> list4
[1, 2, 3, 44, 4, 5, 55, 6]
⑥pop 弹出最后一个或指定索引
>>> list6=['a','b','c','d']
>>> list6.pop()
'd'
>>> list6.extend([c,d])
>>>> list6
['a', 'c', 'e', 'f']
>>> list6.pop(1)
'b'
>>> list6.extend([c,d])
>>>> list6
['a', 'c', 'e', 'f']
>>> list6.insert(3,'g')
>>> list6
['a', 'c', 'e', 'g', 'f']
⑦remove 移除
>>> list6.remove('e')
>>> list6
['a', 'c', 'g', 'f']
⑧reverse(reversed) 倒序
>>> list1
[1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
>>> list1.reverse()
>>> list1
[10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 3, 2, 1]
>>> list2=list(reversed(list1))
>>> list2
[1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
⑨sort(sorted) 排序
>>> list3
[33, 44, 3, 66, 77, 4, 5]
>>> list4=sorted(list3)
>>> list4
[3, 4, 5, 33, 44, 66, 77]
>>> list3
[33, 44, 3, 66, 77, 4, 5]
>>> list3.sort()
>>> list3
[3, 4, 5, 33, 44, 66, 77]
⑩list 字符串→列表
>>> list('beauty')
['b', 'e', 'a', 'u', 't', 'y']
二.元组 tuple(如下节)
三.字符串 string
四.字典 dict
未完待续……
如有疑问或补充,请留言!