分享一下我老师大神的人工智能教程！零基础，通俗易懂！http://blog.csdn.net/jiangjunshow
也欢迎大家转载本篇文章。分享知识，造福人民，实现我们中华民族伟大复兴！
在前一篇文章中，介绍了DataSet导出到Excel时客户端生成文件的几种思路，接着往下说，服务器端生成文件，用户直接下载，应该格式是可以保证的！
于是直接调用Excel的API生成。代码如下：
- public static void DataSetToLocalExcel(DataSet dataSet, string outputPath, bool deleteOldFile)
- {
- if (deleteOldFile)
- {
- if (System.IO.File.Exists(outputPath)) { System.IO.File.Delete(outputPath); }
- }
- // Create the Excel Application object
- ApplicationClass excelApp = new ApplicationClass();
- // Create a new Excel Workbook
- Workbook excelWorkbook = excelApp.Workbooks.Add(Type.Missing);
- int sheetIndex = 0;
- // Copy each DataTable
- foreach (System.Data.DataTable dt in dataSet.Tables)
- {
- // Copy the DataTable to an object array
- object[,] rawData = new object[dt.Rows.Count + 1, dt.Columns.Count];
- // Copy the column names to the first row of the object array
- for (int col = 0; col < dt.Columns.Count; col++)
- {
- rawData[0, col] = dt.Columns[col].ColumnName;
- }
- // Copy the values to the object array
- for (int col = 0; col < dt.Columns.Count; col++)
- {
- for (int row = 0; row < dt.Rows.Count; row++)
- {
- rawData[row + 1, col] = dt.Rows[row].ItemArray[col];
- }
- }
- // Calculate the final column letter
- string finalColLetter = string.Empty;
- string colCharset = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
- int colCharsetLen = colCharset.Length;
- if (dt.Columns.Count > colCharsetLen)
- {
- finalColLetter = colCharset.Substring(
- (dt.Columns.Count - 1) / colCharsetLen - 1, 1);
- }
- finalColLetter += colCharset.Substring(
- (dt.Columns.Count - 1) % colCharsetLen, 1);
- // Create a new Sheet
- Worksheet excelSheet = (Worksheet)excelWorkbook.Sheets.Add(
- excelWorkbook.Sheets.get_Item(++sheetIndex),
- Type.Missing, 1, XlSheetType.xlWorksheet);
- excelSheet.Name = dt.TableName;
- // Fast data export to Excel
- string excelRange = string.Format("A1:{0}{1}",
- finalColLetter, dt.Rows.Count + 1);
- excelSheet.get_Range(excelRange, Type.Missing).Value2 = rawData;
- // Mark the first row as BOLD
- ((Range)excelSheet.Rows[1, Type.Missing]).Font.Bold = true;
- }
- //excelApp.Application.AlertBeforeOverwriting = false;
- excelApp.Application.DisplayAlerts = false;
- // Save and Close the Workbook
- excelWorkbook.SaveAs(outputPath, XlFileFormat.xlWorkbookNormal, Type.Missing,
- Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlExclusive,
- Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
- excelWorkbook.Close(true, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
- excelWorkbook = null;
- // Release the Application object
- excelApp.Quit();
- excelApp = null;
- // Collect the unreferenced objects
- GC.Collect();
- GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
- }
说明下，其中的 xlsApp.Application.DisplayAlerts = false; 的作用是不显示确认对话框
也可以逐Cell读取，那样可能会慢。本方法速度还过得去。
生成Winform代码测试没错，部署时，以为只要引用两个dll就可以了
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.dll
Office.dll
那成想，问题接着来了，当在WebForm下调用时， 提示“检索 COM 类工厂中 CLSID 为 {00024500-0000-0000-C000-000000000046} 的组件时失败，原因是出现以下错误: 8000401a ”
晕！ Google下，解决方案是在服务器上安装Office,并配置DCOM权限。步骤如下：
- 配置 DCOM 中 EXCEL 应用程序:
- 要在交互式用户帐户下设置 Office 自动化服务器，请按照下列步骤操作：
- 1. 以管理员身份登录到计算机，并使用完整安装来安装（或重新安装）Office。为了实现系统的可靠性，建议您将 Office CD-ROM 中的内容复制到本地驱动器并从此位置安装 Office。
- 2. 启动要自动运行的 Office 应用程序。这会强制该应用程序进行自我注册。
- 3. 运行该应用程序后，请按 Alt+F11 以加载 Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) 编辑器。这会强制 VBA 进行初始化。
- 4. 关闭应用程序，包括 VBA。
- 5. 单击开始，单击运行，然后键入 DCOMCNFG。选择要自动运行的应用程序。应用程序名称如下所示：
- Microsoft Access 97 - Microsoft Access 数据库
- Microsoft Access 2000/2002 - Microsoft Access 应用程序
- Microsoft Excel 97/2000/2002 - Microsoft Excel 应用程序
- Microsoft Word 97 - Microsoft Word Basic
- Microsoft Word 2000/2002 - Microsoft Word 文档
- 单击属性打开此应用程序的属性对话框。
- 6. 单击安全选项卡。验证使用默认的访问权限和使用默认的启动权限已选中。
- 7. 单击标识选项卡，然后选择交互式用户。
- 8. 单击确定，关闭属性对话框并返回主应用程序列表对话框。
- 9. 在 DCOM 配置对话框中，单击默认安全性选项卡。
- 10. 单击访问权限的编辑默认值。验证访问权限中是否列出下列用户，如果没有列出，则添加这些用户：
- SYSTEM
- INTERACTIVE
- Everyone
- Administrators
- IUSR_ <machinename> *
- IWAM_ <machinename> *
- * 这些帐户仅在计算机上安装了 Internet Information Server (IIS) 的情况下才存在。
- 11. 确保允许每个用户访问，然后单击确定。
- 12. 单击启动权限的编辑默认值。验证启动权限中是否列出下列用户，如果没有列出，则添加这些用户：
- SYSTEM
- INTERACTIVE
- Everyone
- Administrators
- IUSR_ <machinename> *
- IWAM_ <machinename> *
- * 这些帐户仅在计算机上安装有 IIS 的情况下才存在。
- 13. 确保允许每个用户访问，然后单击确定。
- 14. 单击确定关闭 DCOMCNFG。
- 如果你之前起用了身份模拟 (在 web.config 中配置了 <identity impersonate= "true "/> ) ,需要删除之!
- 15.更新安装office，把.net可编程组件安装到本机（excel组件）
- 如果还是不行.干脃把交互式用户 换成"启动用户"
折腾了一番，总算可以用了！·只是服务器上装Office总感觉不爽，于是再尝试下别的方法：
Reading and Writing Excel using OLEDB
主要的类文件如下：
- /**//// <summary>
- /// Summary description for ExcelReader.
- /// </summary>
- public class ExcelReader : IDisposable
- {
- Variables#region Variables
- private int[] _PKCol;
- private string _strExcelFilename;
- private bool _blnMixedData = true;
- private bool _blnHeaders = false;
- private string _strSheetName;
- private string _strSheetRange;
- private bool _blnKeepConnectionOpen = false;
- private OleDbConnection _oleConn;
- private OleDbCommand _oleCmdSelect;
- private OleDbCommand _oleCmdUpdate;
- #endregion
- properties#region properties
- public int[] PKCols
- {
- get { return _PKCol; }
- set { _PKCol = value; }
- }
- public string ColName(int intCol)
- {
- string sColName = "";
- if (intCol < 26)
- sColName = Agronet.Common.Framework.Util.SQLParser.StringParse(Convert.ToChar((Convert.ToByte((char)'A') + intCol)));
- else
- {
- int intFirst = ((int)intCol / 26);
- int intSecond = ((int)intCol % 26);
- sColName = Agronet.Common.Framework.Util.SQLParser.StringParse(Convert.ToByte((char)'A') + intFirst);
- sColName += Agronet.Common.Framework.Util.SQLParser.StringParse(Convert.ToByte((char)'A') + intSecond);
- }
- return sColName;
- }
- public int ColNumber(string strCol)
- {
- strCol = strCol.ToUpper();
- int intColNumber = 0;
- if (strCol.Length > 1)
- {
- intColNumber = Agronet.Common.Framework.Util.SQLParser.ShortParse(Convert.ToByte(strCol[1]) - 65);
- intColNumber += Agronet.Common.Framework.Util.SQLParser.ShortParse(Convert.ToByte(strCol[1]) - 64) * 26;
- }
- else
- intColNumber = Agronet.Common.Framework.Util.SQLParser.ShortParse(Convert.ToByte(strCol[0]) - 65);
- return intColNumber;
- }
- public String[] GetExcelSheetNames()
- {
- System.Data.DataTable dt = null;
- try
- {
- if (_oleConn == null) Open();
- // Get the data table containing the schema
- dt = _oleConn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, null);
- if (dt == null) { return null; }
- String[] excelSheets = new String[dt.Rows.Count];
- int i = 0;
- // Add the sheet name to the string array.
- foreach (DataRow row in dt.Rows)
- {
- string strSheetTableName = row["TABLE_NAME"].ToString();
- excelSheets[i] = strSheetTableName.Substring(0, strSheetTableName.Length - 1);
- i++;
- }
- return excelSheets;
- }
- catch (Exception ex)//tony 2008.12.31 update
- {
- string s = ex.Message; return null;
- }
- finally
- {
- // Clean up.
- if (this.KeepConnectionOpen == false)
- {
- this.Close();
- }
- if (dt != null)
- {
- dt.Dispose();
- dt = null;
- }
- }
- }
- public string ExcelFilename
- {
- get { return _strExcelFilename; }
- set { _strExcelFilename = value; }
- }
- public string SheetName
- {
- get { return _strSheetName; }
- set { _strSheetName = value; }
- }
- public string SheetRange
- {
- get { return _strSheetRange; }
- set
- {
- if (value.IndexOf(":") == -1) throw new Exception("Invalid range length");
- _strSheetRange = value;
- }
- }
- public bool KeepConnectionOpen
- {
- get { return _blnKeepConnectionOpen; }
- set { _blnKeepConnectionOpen = value; }
- }
- public bool Headers
- {
- get { return _blnHeaders; }
- set { _blnHeaders = value; }
- }
- public bool MixedData
- {
- get { return _blnMixedData; }
- set { _blnMixedData = value; }
- }
- #endregion
- Methods#region Methods
- Excel Connection#region Excel Connection
- private string ExcelConnectionOptions()
- {
- string strOpts = "";
- if (this.MixedData == true)
- strOpts += "Imex=1;";
- if (this.Headers == true)
- strOpts += "HDR=Yes;";
- else
- strOpts += "HDR=No;";
- return strOpts;
- }
- private string ExcelConnection()
- {
- return
- @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" +
- @"Data Source=" + _strExcelFilename + ";" +
- @"Extended Properties=" + Convert.ToChar(34).ToString() +
- @"Excel 8.0;" + ExcelConnectionOptions() + Convert.ToChar(34).ToString();
- }
- #endregion
- Open / Close#region Open / Close
- public void Open()
- {
- try
- {
- if (_oleConn != null)
- {
- if (_oleConn.State == ConnectionState.Open)
- {
- _oleConn.Close();
- }
- _oleConn = null;
- }
- if (System.IO.File.Exists(_strExcelFilename) == false)
- {
- throw new Exception("Excel file " + _strExcelFilename + "could not be found.");
- }
- _oleConn = new OleDbConnection(ExcelConnection());
- _oleConn.Open();
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- throw ex;
- }
- }
- public void Close()
- {
- if (_oleConn != null)
- {
- if (_oleConn.State != ConnectionState.Closed)
- _oleConn.Close();
- _oleConn.Dispose();
- _oleConn = null;
- }
- }
- #endregion
- Command Select#region Command Select
- private bool SetSheetQuerySelect()
- {
- try
- {
- if (_oleConn == null)
- {
- throw new Exception("Connection is unassigned or closed.");
- }
- if (_strSheetName.Length == 0)
- throw new Exception("Sheetname was not assigned.");
- /**//*
- string tmpStr=@"SELECT * FROM ["
- + _strSheetName
- + "$" + _strSheetRange
- + "]";
- */
- //System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(tmpStr);
- //if(_strSheetName.EndsWith("$")){_strSheetName=_strSheetName.TrimEnd('$');}
- _oleCmdSelect = new OleDbCommand(
- @"SELECT * FROM ["
- + _strSheetName
- + "$" //+ _strSheetRange
- + "]", _oleConn);
- //me
- return true;
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- throw ex;
- }
- }
- #endregion
- simple utilities#region simple utilities
- private string AddWithComma(string strSource, string strAdd)
- {
- if (strSource != "") strSource = strSource += ", ";
- return strSource + strAdd;
- }
- private string AddWithAnd(string strSource, string strAdd)
- {
- if (strSource != "") strSource = strSource += " and ";
- return strSource + strAdd;
- }
- #endregion
- private OleDbDataAdapter SetSheetQueryAdapter(DataTable dt)
- {
- // Deleting in Excel workbook is not possible
- //So this command is not defined
- try
- {
- if (_oleConn == null)
- {
- throw new Exception("Connection is unassigned or closed.");
- }
- if (_strSheetName.Length == 0)
- throw new Exception("Sheetname was not assigned.");
- if (PKCols == null)
- throw new Exception("Cannot update excel sheet with no primarykey set.");
- if (PKCols.Length < 1)
- throw new Exception("Cannot update excel sheet with no primarykey set.");
- OleDbDataAdapter oleda = new OleDbDataAdapter(_oleCmdSelect);
- string strUpdate = "";
- string strInsertPar = "";
- string strInsert = "";
- string strWhere = "";
- for (int iPK = 0; iPK < PKCols.Length; iPK++)
- {
- strWhere = AddWithAnd(strWhere, dt.Columns[iPK].ColumnName + "=?");
- }
- strWhere = " Where " + strWhere;
- for (int iCol = 0; iCol < dt.Columns.Count; iCol++)
- {
- strInsert = AddWithComma(strInsert, dt.Columns[iCol].ColumnName);
- strInsertPar = AddWithComma(strInsertPar, "?");
- strUpdate = AddWithComma(strUpdate, dt.Columns[iCol].ColumnName) + "=?";
- }
- string strTable = "[" + this.SheetName + "$" + this.SheetRange + "]";
- strInsert = "INSERT INTO " + strTable + "(" + strInsert + ") Values (" + strInsertPar + ")";
- strUpdate = "Update " + strTable + " Set " + strUpdate + strWhere;
- oleda.InsertCommand = new OleDbCommand(strInsert, _oleConn);
- oleda.UpdateCommand = new OleDbCommand(strUpdate, _oleConn);
- OleDbParameter oleParIns = null;
- OleDbParameter oleParUpd = null;
- for (int iCol = 0; iCol < dt.Columns.Count; iCol++)
- {
- oleParIns = new OleDbParameter("?", dt.Columns[iCol].DataType.ToString());
- oleParUpd = new OleDbParameter("?", dt.Columns[iCol].DataType.ToString());
- oleParIns.SourceColumn = dt.Columns[iCol].ColumnName;
- oleParUpd.SourceColumn = dt.Columns[iCol].ColumnName;
- oleda.InsertCommand.Parameters.Add(oleParIns);
- oleda.UpdateCommand.Parameters.Add(oleParUpd);
- oleParIns = null;
- oleParUpd = null;
- }
- for (int iPK = 0; iPK < PKCols.Length; iPK++)
- {
- oleParUpd = new OleDbParameter("?", dt.Columns[iPK].DataType.ToString());
- oleParUpd.SourceColumn = dt.Columns[iPK].ColumnName;
- oleParUpd.SourceVersion = DataRowVersion.Original;
- oleda.UpdateCommand.Parameters.Add(oleParUpd);
- }
- return oleda;
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- throw ex;
- }
- }
- command Singe Value Update#region command Singe Value Update
- private bool SetSheetQuerySingelValUpdate(string strVal)
- {
- try
- {
- if (_oleConn == null)
- {
- throw new Exception("Connection is unassigned or closed.");
- }
- if (_strSheetName.Length == 0)
- throw new Exception("Sheetname was not assigned.");
- _oleCmdUpdate = new OleDbCommand(
- @" Update ["
- + _strSheetName
- + "$" + _strSheetRange
- + "] set F1=" + strVal, _oleConn);
- return true;
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- throw ex;
- }
- }
- #endregion
- public void SetPrimaryKey(int intCol)
- {
- _PKCol = new int[1] { intCol };
- }
- public DataTable GetTable()
- {
- return GetTable("ExcelTable");
- }
- private void SetPrimaryKey(DataTable dt)
- {
- try
- {
- if (PKCols != null)
- {
- //set the primary key
- if (PKCols.Length > 0)
- {
- DataColumn[] dc;
- dc = new DataColumn[PKCols.Length];
- for (int i = 0; i < PKCols.Length; i++)
- {
- dc[i] = dt.Columns[PKCols[i]];
- }
- dt.PrimaryKey = dc;
- }
- }
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- throw ex;
- }
- }
- public DataTable GetTable(string strTableName)
- {
- try
- {
- //Open and query
- if (_oleConn == null) Open();
- if (_oleConn.State != ConnectionState.Open)
- throw new Exception("Connection cannot open error.");
- if (SetSheetQuerySelect() == false) return null;
- //Fill table
- OleDbDataAdapter oleAdapter = new OleDbDataAdapter();
- oleAdapter.SelectCommand = _oleCmdSelect;
- DataTable dt = new DataTable(strTableName);
- oleAdapter.FillSchema(dt, SchemaType.Source);
- oleAdapter.Fill(dt);
- if (this.Headers == false)
- {
- if (_strSheetRange.IndexOf(":") > 0)
- {
- string FirstCol = _strSheetRange.Substring(0, _strSheetRange.IndexOf(":") - 1);