nginx+keepalived部署与安装

3.Nginx的安装
3.1. 下载nginx
官网：http://nginx.org/
3.2. 上传并解压nginx

    tar -zxvf nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src

3.3. 编译nginx
#进入到nginx源码目录

    cd /usr/local/src nginx-1.8.1

#检查安装环境

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx

#缺包报错 ./configure: error: C compiler cc is not found

#使用YUM安装缺少的包
yum -y install gcc pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel

#编译安装

make && make install

配置nginx
4.1. 配置反向代理
1.修改nginx配置文件

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  nginx-01.xiaoniu.cn;
    #172.16.203.101/hello.html
    location / {
        root html;
            proxy_pass http://192.168.0.21:8080;
        }
    }
    2.启动tomcat-01上的tomcat

3.启动nginx-01上的nginx

./nginx

4.2. 动静分离
#动态资源 index.jsp

location ~ .*\.(jsp|do|action)$ {
    proxy_pass http://tomcat-01.xiaoniu.cn:8080;
}

#静态资源

location ~ .*\.(html|js|css|gif|jpg|jpeg|png)$ {
    expires 3d;
}

4.3. 负载均衡
在http这个节下面配置一个叫upstream的，后面的名字可以随意取，但是要和location下的proxy_pass http://后的保持一致。

http {
    upstream tomcats { 
        server 172.16.203.20:8080 weight=1;
        server tomcat-02.xiaoniu.cn:8080 weight=1;
        server tomcat-02.xiaoniu.cn:8080 weight=1;
}
location ~ .*\.(jsp|do|action) {
    proxy_pass http://tomcats;
}
}

5.利用keepalived实现高可靠（HA）
5.1. 高可靠概念
HA(High Available), 高可用性集群，是保证业务连续性的有效解决方案，一般有两个或两个以上的节点，且分为活动节点及备用节点。

5.2. 高可靠软件keepalived
keepalive是一款可以实现高可靠的软件，通常部署在2台服务器上，分为一主一备。Keepalived可以对本机上的进程进行检测，一旦Master检测出某个进程出现问题，将自己切换成Backup状态，然后通知另外一个节点切换成Master状态。
5.3. keepalived安装
下载keepalived官网:http://keepalived.org

将keepalived解压到/usr/local/src目录下

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tar -zxvf  keepalived-1.3.6.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src

进入到/usr/local/src/keepalived-1.3.6目录

cd /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.3.6

开始configure

./configure

#编译并安装

make && make install

5.4. 将keepalived添加到系统服务中
拷贝执行文件

cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

将init.d文件拷贝到etc下,加入开机启动项

cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.3.6/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/keepalived

将keepalived文件拷贝到etc下

cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.3.6/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

创建keepalived文件夹

mkdir -p /etc/keepalived

将keepalived配置文件拷贝到etc下

cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.3.6/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

添加可执行权限

chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived

添加keepalived到开机启动

chkconfig --add keepalived	
chkconfig keepalived on

5.5. 配置keepalived虚拟IP

#MASTER节点

global_defs {
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.0.0.10/24
    }
}

#BACKUP节点

global_defs {
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 99
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.0.0.10/24
    }
}

#分别启动两台机器上的keepalived

service keepalived start

5.6. 配置keepalived心跳检查
#MASTER节点

global_defs {
}

vrrp_script chk_health {
    script "[[ `ps -ef | grep nginx | grep -v grep | wc -l` -ge 2 ]] && exit 0 || exit 1"
    interval 1
    weight -2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 1
    priority 100
    advert_int 2
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }

    track_script {
        chk_health
    }

    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.0.0.10/24
    }

    notify_master "/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh master"
    notify_backup "/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh backup"
    notify_fault "/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh fault"
}

#添加切换通知脚本

vi /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh
#!/bin/bash

case "$1" in
    master)
        /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
        exit 0
    ;;
backup)
        /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
        /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
        exit 0
    ;;
    fault)
        /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
        exit 0
    ;;
    *)
        echo 'Usage: notify.sh {master|backup|fault}'
        exit 1
    ;;
esac

#添加执行权限

chmod +x /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh
global_defs {
}

vrrp_script chk_health {
    script "[[ `ps -ef | grep nginx | grep -v grep | wc -l` -ge 2 ]] && exit 0 || exit 1"
    interval 1
    weight -2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 1
    priority 99
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }

    track_script {
        chk_health
    }

    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.0.0.10/24
    }
	
    notify_master "/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh master"
    notify_backup "/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh backup"
    notify_fault "/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/notify.sh fault"
}

#在第二台机器上添加notify.sh脚本
#分别在两台机器上启动keepalived

service keepalived start 
chkconfig keepalived on

nginx+keepalived部署与安装

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