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开发网站，少不了测试。现在的网站为了加强安全性，都启用了HTTPS协议。所谓HTTPS，也就是HTTP文本在SSL协议中传输。用curl命令行来测试HTTPS站点是个很有用的功能，写点脚本，就可以做功能测试。
假定Ubuntu系统运行着一个HTTPS站点，用CppCMS编写，Nginx配置了SSL证书，通过FastCGI和CppCMS编写的后台进程连接在一起。
第一步，安装：
apt-get install curlcurl -Vcurl 7.29.0 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.29.0 OpenSSL/1.0.1c zlib/1.2.7 libidn/1.25 librtmp/2.3Protocols: dict file ftp ftps gopher http https imap imaps ldap ldaps pop3 pop3s rtmp rtsp smtp smtps telnet tftp Features: GSS-Negotiate IDN IPv6 Largefile NTLM NTLM_WB SSL libz TLS-SRP第二步，访问HTTP站点：
curl http://www.baidu.com<!DOCTYPE html><!--STATUS OK--><html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8"><title>百度一下，你就知道<unction(){var _t=new Date().getTime();document.cookie = "WWW_ST=" + _t +";expires=" + new Date(_t + 10000).toGMTString()})}catch(e){}</script></html><!--b5d54ba904675fbf-->第三步，查看详细信息，用-v参数。
curl -v http://www.baidu.com* About to connect() to www.baidu.com port 80 (#0)* Trying 61.135.169.125...* Connected to www.baidu.com (61.135.169.125) port 80 (#0)> GET / HTTP/1.1> User-Agent: curl/7.29.0> Host: www.baidu.com> Accept: */*> < HTTP/1.1 200 OK< Date: Wed, 03 Jul 2013 13:55:45 GMT< Server: BWS/1.0< Content-Length: 10437< Content-Type: text/html;charset=utf-8< Cache-Control: private< Set-Cookie: BDSVRTM=24; path=/< Set-Cookie: H_PS_PSSID=2757_1457_2704_2726_1788_2249_2702; path=/; domain=.baidu.com< Set-Cookie: BAIDUID=5E81F8E70C5DE6EDB5C24088E3E56359:FG=1; expires=Wed, 03-Jul-43 13:55:45 GMT; path=/; domain=.baidu.com< Expires: Wed, 03 Jul 2013 13:55:45 GMT< P3P: CP=" OTI DSP COR IVA OUR IND COM "< Connection: Keep-Alive< <!DOCTYPE html><!--STATUS OK--><html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8"><title>百度一下，你就知道</title><style >html,body{height:100%}html{overflow-y:auto}#wrapper{position:relative;_position:;min-height:100%}#content{padding-bottom:100px;text-align:center}#ftCon{height:100px;position:absolute;bottom:44px;text-align:center;width:100%;margin:0 auto;z-index:0;overflow:hidden}#ftConw{width:720px;margin:0 auto}body{font:12px arial;text-align:;background:#fff}body,p,form,ul,li{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}body,form,#fm{position:relative}td{text-align:left}img{border:0}a{color:#00c}a:active{color:#f60}#u{color:#999;padding:4px 10px 5px 0;text-align:right}#u a{margin:0 5px}#u .reg{margin:0}#m{width:720px;margin:0 auto}#nv a,#nv b,.btn,#lk{font-size:14px}#fm{padding-left:110px;text-align:left;z-index:1}input{border:0;padding:0}#nv{height:19px;font-size:16px;margin:0 0 4px;text-alig这样详细的信息都显示出来了。-v参数很有用，一般调试时都打开。
如果只想查看头部信息，用-i代替-v.
第四步，访问本地HTTPS站点
curl --insecure https://localhost/your_site/login_page<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">我试过用--cacert选项指定server.crt文件，也就是我的nginx使用的那个文件。但是报错。所以直接忽略算了。
第五步，调用HTTPS的login API登录
curl -v --insecure -d "[email protected]&pwd=123456&language=en" https://localhost/your_site/login* About to connect() to localhost port 443 (#0)* Trying 127.0.0.1...* Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1) port 443 (#0)* successfully set certificate verify locations:* CAfile: none CApath: /etc/ssl/certs* SSLv3, TLS handshake, Client hello (1):* SSLv3, TLS handshake, Server hello (2):* SSLv3, TLS handshake, CERT (11):* SSLv3, TLS handshake, Server key exchange (12):* SSLv3, TLS handshake, Server finished (14):* SSLv3, TLS handshake, Client key exchange (16):* SSLv3, TLS change cipher, Client hello (1):* SSLv3, TLS handshake, Finished (20):* SSLv3, TLS change cipher, Client hello (1):* SSLv3, TLS handshake, Finished (20):* SSL connection using ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA* Server certificate:* subject: C=AU; ST=Some-State; O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd* start date: 2013-06-02 07:24:53 GMT* expire date: 2014-06-02 07:24:53 GMT* issuer: C=AU; ST=Some-State; O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd* SSL certificate verify result: self signed certificate (18), continuing anyway.> POST /your_site/login HTTP/1.1> User-Agent: curl/7.29.0> Host: localhost> Accept: */*> Content-Length: 51> Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded> * upload completely sent off: 51 out of 51 bytes< HTTP/1.1 200 OK< Server: nginx/1.5.1< Date: Wed, 03 Jul 2013 14:02:38 GMT< Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8< Transfer-Encoding: chunked< Connection: keep-alive< X-Powered-By: CppCMS/1.0.3< Set-Cookie: cml_session=518b7fc5117e87bce28f2444; Max-Age=36000; Path=/; Version=1< * Connection #0 to host localhost left intact{"message":"Login succeeded!","status":0,"value":""}-d "...&..." 的参数是通过POST方法发送参数。服务端最终回复一个JSON格式的字符串，表示登录成功。并且拿到了cml_session的值，也就是cookie.
第六步，用cookie访问HTTP网页。后面的网页只需要HTTP访问，提供正确的cookie即可。
curl -v --cookie "cml_session=518b7fc5117e87bce28f2444" http://localhost/your_site/home* About to connect() to localhost port 80 (#0)* Trying 127.0.0.1...* Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1) port 80 (#0)> GET /your_site/home HTTP/1.1> User-Agent: curl/7.29.0> Host: localhost> Accept: */*> Cookie: cml_session=518b7fc5117e87bce28f2444> < HTTP/1.1 200 OK< Server: nginx/1.5.1< Date: Wed, 03 Jul 2013 14:06:43 GMT< Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8< Transfer-Encoding: chunked< Connection: keep-alive< X-Powered-By: CppCMS/1.0.3< <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <title>CML Cloud</title> <link type="text/css" href="../style/reset.css" rel="stylesheet"/> <link type="text/css" href="../style/style.css" rel="stylesheet"/>给我老师的人工智能教程打call！http://blog.csdn.net/jiangjunshow
