mysql master slave 复制原理与实践

其他 2018-10-30 23:41:38 阅读次数: 0
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，未经博主允许不得转载。 https://blog.csdn.net/qq_26437925/article/details/83317047

接上一篇：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_26437925/article/details/83213961

  • master
mysql> show master status
    -> ;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 |      154 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>
  • slave
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 172.16.227.243
                  Master_User: root
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
               Relay_Log_File: v2-relay-bin.000010
                Relay_Log_Pos: 367
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
              Relay_Log_Space: 618
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: 5866ae02-d443-11e8-8f74-000c2959a0f2
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR: 
No query specified

mysql>

从配置文件/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf可以找到各个log文件位置

root@v1:/var/lib/mysql# ll
total 122936
drwx------  6 mysql mysql     4096 Oct 22 08:41 ./
drwxr-xr-x 70 root  root      4096 Oct 20 01:37 ../
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql       56 Oct 20 01:37 auto.cnf
-rw-r--r--  1 root  root         0 Oct 20 01:37 debian-5.7.flag
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql      284 Oct 20 23:01 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql 12582912 Oct 21 06:36 ibdata1
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql 50331648 Oct 21 06:36 ib_logfile0
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql 50331648 Oct 20 01:37 ib_logfile1
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql 12582912 Oct 21 06:41 ibtmp1
drwxr-x---  2 mysql mysql     4096 Oct 20 01:37 mysql/
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql     1513 Oct 21 08:16 mysql-bin.000001
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql      201 Oct 22 08:41 mysql-bin.000002
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql      154 Oct 22 08:41 mysql-bin.000003
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql       57 Oct 22 08:41 mysql-bin.index
drwxr-x---  2 mysql mysql     4096 Oct 20 01:37 performance_schema/
drwxr-x---  2 mysql mysql    12288 Oct 20 01:37 sys/
drwxr-x---  2 mysql mysql     4096 Oct 20 23:37 test/

查看binlog

mysql> show variables like 'log_bin';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| log_bin       | ON    |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.03 sec)

mysql> show global variables like "binlog%";
+--------------------------------------------+--------------+
| Variable_name                              | Value        |
+--------------------------------------------+--------------+
| binlog_cache_size                          | 32768        |
| binlog_checksum                            | CRC32        |
| binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates    | OFF          |
| binlog_error_action                        | ABORT_SERVER |
| binlog_format                              | ROW          |
| binlog_group_commit_sync_delay             | 0            |
| binlog_group_commit_sync_no_delay_count    | 0            |
| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery                | ON           |
| binlog_max_flush_queue_time                | 0            |
| binlog_order_commits                       | ON           |
| binlog_row_image                           | FULL         |
| binlog_rows_query_log_events               | OFF          |
| binlog_stmt_cache_size                     | 32768        |
| binlog_transaction_dependency_history_size | 25000        |
| binlog_transaction_dependency_tracking     | COMMIT_ORDER |
+--------------------------------------------+--------------+
15 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

使用如下命令能查看bin文件

#mysqlbinlog --base64-output="decode-rows" -v mysql-bin.000001

  1. mater的binlog线程会记录下所有改变了数据库数据的语句，放进master上的binlog中；

  2. show slave status可以看到有IO线程和SQL执行线程
    2.1 io线程——在使用start slave 之后，负责从master上拉取 binlog 内容，放进 自己的relay log中；
    2.2 从：sql执行线程——执行relay log中的语句；

slave机器上可以查看relay log

root@v2:/var/lib/mysql# ll
total 122960
drwx------  6 mysql mysql     4096 Oct 22 08:41 ./
drwxr-xr-x 69 root  root      4096 Oct 20 02:21 ../
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql       56 Oct 20 02:21 auto.cnf
-rw-r--r--  1 root  root         0 Oct 20 02:21 debian-5.7.flag
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql      288 Oct 20 23:21 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql 12582912 Oct 21 06:36 ibdata1
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql 50331648 Oct 21 06:36 ib_logfile0
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql 50331648 Oct 20 02:21 ib_logfile1
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql 12582912 Oct 20 23:21 ibtmp1
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql      128 Oct 23 08:24 master.info
drwxr-x---  2 mysql mysql     4096 Oct 20 02:21 mysql/
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql      177 Oct 20 23:21 mysql-bin.000001
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql      201 Oct 21 08:16 mysql-bin.000002
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql      201 Oct 22 08:41 mysql-bin.000003
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql      154 Oct 22 08:41 mysql-bin.000004
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql       76 Oct 22 08:41 mysql-bin.index
drwxr-x---  2 mysql mysql     4096 Oct 20 02:21 performance_schema/
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql       58 Oct 22 08:41 relay-log.info
drwxr-x---  2 mysql mysql    12288 Oct 20 02:21 sys/
drwxr-x---  2 mysql mysql     4096 Oct 20 23:37 test/
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql      251 Oct 22 08:41 v2-relay-bin.000009
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql      367 Oct 22 08:41 v2-relay-bin.000010
-rw-r-----  1 mysql mysql       44 Oct 22 08:41 v2-relay-bin.index
root@v2:/var/lib/mysql#

实践：

mysql> insert into t_user(username, email, password, status) values("test2", "[email protected]", "test", 0);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)


root@v1:/var/lib/mysql# mysqlbinlog --base64-output="decode-rows" -v mysql-bin.000003
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
# at 4
#181022  8:41:28 server id 1  end_log_pos 123 CRC32 0x782da571  Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.7.23-0ubuntu0.16.04.1-log created 181022  8:41:28
# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
# at 123
#181022  8:41:28 server id 1  end_log_pos 154 CRC32 0xb39e91e0  Previous-GTIDs
# [empty]
# at 154
#181023 18:54:24 server id 1  end_log_pos 219 CRC32 0xf066b818  Anonymous_GTID  last_committed=0        sequence_number=1       rbr_only=yes
/*!50718 SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED*//*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'/*!*/;
# at 219
#181023 18:54:24 server id 1  end_log_pos 291 CRC32 0x1d9a044e  Query   thread_id=23    exec_time=0     error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1540346064/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=23/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=1436549152/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C utf8 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/;
SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 291
#181023 18:54:24 server id 1  end_log_pos 350 CRC32 0xa2de7377  Table_map: `test`.`t_user` mapped to number 108
# at 350
#181023 18:54:24 server id 1  end_log_pos 420 CRC32 0xa9fad3e8  Write_rows: table id 108 flags: STMT_END_F
### INSERT INTO `test`.`t_user`
### SET
###   @1=2
###   @2='test2'
###   @3='[email protected]'
###   @4='test'
###   @5=0
# at 420
#181023 18:54:24 server id 1  end_log_pos 451 CRC32 0xde0c021e  Xid = 182
COMMIT/*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'AUTOMATIC' /* added by mysqlbinlog */ /*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;
root@v1:/var/lib/mysql#

root@v2:/var/lib/mysql# mysqlbinlog --base64-output="decode-rows" -v  v2-relay-bin.000010
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
# at 4
#181020 23:21:56 server id 2  end_log_pos 123 CRC32 0xb6ee0939  Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.7.23-0ubuntu0.16.04.1-log created 181020 23:21:56
# This Format_description_event appears in a relay log and was generated by the slave thread.
# at 123
#181020 23:21:56 server id 2  end_log_pos 154 CRC32 0xa9c7c233  Previous-GTIDs
# [empty]
# at 154
#181020 23:21:56 server id 1  end_log_pos 0 CRC32 0x9337abef    Rotate to mysql-bin.000003  pos: 4
# at 201
#181022  8:41:28 server id 1  end_log_pos 123 CRC32 0x782da571  Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.7.23-0ubuntu0.16.04.1-log created 181022  8:41:28
# at 320
#181020 23:21:56 server id 0  end_log_pos 367 CRC32 0xd6c2e255  Rotate to mysql-bin.000003  pos: 154
# at 367
#181023 18:54:24 server id 1  end_log_pos 219 CRC32 0xf066b818  Anonymous_GTID  last_committed=0        sequence_number=1       rbr_only=yes
/*!50718 SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED*//*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'/*!*/;
# at 432
#181023 18:54:24 server id 1  end_log_pos 291 CRC32 0x1d9a044e  Query   thread_id=23    exec_time=0     error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1540346064/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=23/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=1436549152/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C utf8 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/;
SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 504
#181023 18:54:24 server id 1  end_log_pos 350 CRC32 0xa2de7377  Table_map: `test`.`t_user` mapped to number 108
# at 563
#181023 18:54:24 server id 1  end_log_pos 420 CRC32 0xa9fad3e8  Write_rows: table id 108 flags: STMT_END_F
### INSERT INTO `test`.`t_user`
### SET
###   @1=2
###   @2='test2'
###   @3='[email protected]'
###   @4='test'
###   @5=0
# at 633
#181023 18:54:24 server id 1  end_log_pos 451 CRC32 0xde0c021e  Xid = 182
COMMIT/*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'AUTOMATIC' /* added by mysqlbinlog */ /*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;
root@v2:/var/lib/mysql#

参考：

https://www.cnblogs.com/panwenbin-logs/p/8366940.html

https://blog.csdn.net/JackLiu16/article/details/79189831

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