springmvc获取上下文ApplicationContext

1、可通过下面工具类获取


package org.mvc.demo.utlis;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class SpringContextUtil implements ApplicationContextAware{
    private static ApplicationContext applicationContext;//spring上下文
    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
        SpringContextUtil.applicationContext=applicationContext;
    }
    public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext(){
        return applicationContext;
    }

    public static <T> T getBean(String name) throws BeansException{
           return (T)applicationContext.getBean(name);
    }
}

主要是实现ApplicationContextAware接口

当一个类实现了这个接口(ApplicationContextAware)之后,这个类就可以方便获得ApplicationContext中的所有bean。换句话说,就是这个类可以直接获取spring配置文件中,所有有引用到的bean对象。


另外要注意Spring上下文和SpringMVC上下文的区别。

Spring上下文配置

    <context-param>    
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>    
        <param-value>classpath:spring-application.xml</param-value>    
    </context-param>  
    <!-- Spring监听器 -->    
    <listener>    
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>    
    </listener>  

SpringMVC上下文配置

 <servlet>    
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>    
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>    
        <init-param>    
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>    
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>    
        </init-param>    
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>    
        <async-supported>true</async-supported>    
    </servlet>    

注意:SpringMVC上下文和Spring上下文是分开独立,两者是父子关系。Spring 父------SpringMVC 子。但是SpringMVC上下文是可以取得Spring上下文。反之则不行。


在tomcat服务启动日志中可以看到,root WebApplicationContext就是Spring的。

再回头来看,我们的SpringContextUtil,它应该放在Spring里面来设置,才有效。放在SpringMVC里面是没法完成自动实例化的。

那么,我们能仿SpringContextUtil建立springMVC的工具类吗?答案是可以。

在做这个之前,我们要先理解springMVC的加载顺序.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1"  metadata-complete="false">
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>
         classpath*:spring-application.xml
    </param-value>
  </context-param>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name>
    <param-value>600000</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
    <param-value>webPath</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.WebAppRootListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <async-supported>true</async-supported>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>

  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>
      org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
    </servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    <async-supported>true</async-supported>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
上面贴出的就是web.xml的部分配置,在这里我们首先讲解下web项目启动的加载顺序:

以Tomcat举例,启动Tomcat之后,首先会加载web.xml文件:

a)容器首先读取web.xml中的<context-param>的配置内容和<listener>标签中配置项;

b)紧接着实例化ServletContext对象,并将<context-param>配置的内容转化为键值传递给ServletContext;

c)创建<listener>配置的监听器的类实例,并且启动监听;

d)调用listener的contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent args)方法,ServletContext=  ServletContextEvent.getServletContext();
此时你可以通过ServletContext获取context-param配置的内容并可以加以修改,此时Tomcat还没完全启动完成。

e)后续加载配置的各类filter;

f)最后加载servlet;

最后的结论是:web.xml中配置项的加载顺序是context-param=>listener=>filter=>servlet,配置项的顺序并不会改变加载顺序,但是同类型的配置项会应该加载顺序,servlet中也可以通过load-on-startup来指定加载顺序。


明白加载顺序之后,我们就可以写一个springMVC上下文的工具类了。

前面说过:这里加载的是spring上下文

  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>
         classpath*:spring-application.xml
    </param-value>
  </context-param>

这里加载的才是springMVC上下文

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>
      org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
    </servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    <async-supported>true</async-supported>
  </servlet>

这个时候我们看一下spring-mvc.xml这个文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
     	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
     	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
     	http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
     	http://www.springframework.org/schema/task
     	http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.fwone.controller"></context:component-scan>
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />
<!--mvc:annotation-driven会自动注册RequestMappingHandlerMapping与RequestMappingHandlerAdapter两个Bean,
    这是Spring MVC为@Controller分发请求所必需的,并且提供了数据绑定支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="false">
            <bean class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                    <list>
                        <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
                        <value>application/json</value>
                    </list>
                </property>
                <property name="fastJsonConfig">
                    <bean class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.config.FastJsonConfig">
                        <property name="serializerFeatures">
                            <list>
                                <value>QuoteFieldNames</value>
                                <value>WriteDateUseDateFormat</value>
                                <!-- 禁用fastjson循环引用检测 -->
                                <value>DisableCircularReferenceDetect</value>
                            </list>
                        </property>
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>

    <!-- FreeMarker视图解析器 -->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView"/>
        <property name="contentType" value="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
        <property name="cache" value="true"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".html"/>
        <property name="prefix" value=""/>
        <property name="requestContextAttribute" value="rc" />
        <property name="order" value="0"/>

    </bean>

    <bean id="freeMarkerConfigurer" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">
        <property name="templateLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/page/"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- Kaptcha验证码生成器 -->
    <bean name="producer" class="com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha" scope="singleton">
        <property name="config">
            <bean class="com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Config">
                <constructor-arg>
                    <props>
                        <prop key="kaptcha.border">no</prop>
                        <prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.font.color">black</prop>
                        <prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.char.space">5</prop>
                    </props>
                </constructor-arg>
            </bean>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

主要看这里

 <context:component-scan base-package="com.fwone.controller"></context:component-scan>
我们知道,像Controller都是单独扫描并实例化各个Controller,所以我们要在
com.fwone.controller这个包下写我们的springMVC上下文工具类

到了这里,基本都理解清楚了。直接复制之前的spring上下文工具类

package com.fwone.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

@Controller
public class SpringMvcContext implements ApplicationContextAware {
    private static ApplicationContext applicationContext;//springMVC上下文定义
    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
        SpringMvcContext.applicationContext=applicationContext;
    }
    public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext(){
        return SpringMvcContext.applicationContext;
    }
    public static<T> T getBean(String name)throws BeansException{
        return (T)applicationContext.getBean(name);
    }
}






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转载自blog.csdn.net/lqzxpp/article/details/78655390