Spring-Cloud-Gateway源码分析系列 | Spring-Cloud-Gateway之请求处理流程

推荐 Spring Boot/Cloud 视频:

Spring-Cloud-Gateway 初始化,路由模型,以及路由加载等源码在上几篇学习文档中已经描述,接下来来看Spring-Cloud-Gateway是怎么通过这些来对我们的请求进行路由处理的

Spring-Cloud-Gateway整体流程图

在这里插入图片描述

  • DispatcherHandler:所有请求的调度器,负载请求分发
  • RoutePredicateHandlerMapping:路由谓语匹配器,用于路由的查找,以及找到路由后返回对应的WebHandler,DispatcherHandler会依次遍历HandlerMapping集合进行处理
  • FilteringWebHandler : 使用Filter链表处理请求的WebHandler,RoutePredicateHandlerMapping找到路由后返回对应的FilteringWebHandler对请求进行处理,FilteringWebHandler负责组装Filter链表并调用链表处理请求。

DispatcherHandler


org.springframework.web.reactive.DispatcherHandler

    @Override
    public Mono<Void> handle(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
            logger.debug("Processing " + request.getMethodValue() + " request for [" + request.getURI() + "]");
        }
        //校验handlerMapping集合是否为空
        if (this.handlerMappings == null) {
            return Mono.error(HANDLER_NOT_FOUND_EXCEPTION);
        }
        //依次遍历handlerMapping集合进行请求处理
        return Flux.fromIterable(this.handlerMappings)
                .concatMap(mapping ->
                //通过mapping获取mapping对应的handler
                mapping.getHandler(exchange))
                .next()
                .switchIfEmpty(Mono.error(HANDLER_NOT_FOUND_EXCEPTION))
                .flatMap(handler -> 
                //调用handler处理
                invokeHandler(exchange, handler))
                .flatMap(result -> handleResult(exchange, result));
    }
    
        private Mono<HandlerResult> invokeHandler(ServerWebExchange exchange, Object handler) {
        if (this.handlerAdapters != null) {
            for (HandlerAdapter handlerAdapter : this.handlerAdapters) {
            //判断当前handlerAdapter与handler是否匹配
                if (handlerAdapter.supports(handler)) {
                    return handlerAdapter.handle(exchange, handler);
                }
            }
        }
        return Mono.error(new IllegalStateException("No HandlerAdapter: " + handler));
    }

DispatcherHandler的handler执行顺序

  • 校验handlerMapping
  • 遍历Mapping获取mapping对应的handler(此处会找到gateway对应的 RoutePredicateHandlerMapping,并通过 RoutePredicateHandlerMapping获取handler(FilteringWebHandler))
  • 通过handler对应的HandlerAdapter对handler进行调用(gateway使用的 SimpleHandlerAdapter) 即 FilteringWebHandler与SimpleHandlerAdapter对应
org.springframework.web.reactive.result.SimpleHandlerAdapter
    public Mono<HandlerResult> handle(ServerWebExchange exchange, Object handler) {
        WebHandler webHandler = (WebHandler) handler;
        //调用handler的handle方法处理请求
        Mono<Void> mono = webHandler.handle(exchange);
        return mono.then(Mono.empty());
    }

RoutePredicateHandlerMapping

public class RoutePredicateHandlerMapping extends AbstractHandlerMapping {

    private final FilteringWebHandler webHandler;
    private final RouteLocator routeLocator;

    public RoutePredicateHandlerMapping(FilteringWebHandler webHandler, RouteLocator routeLocator) {
        this.webHandler = webHandler;
        this.routeLocator = routeLocator;

        //设置排序字段1,此处的目的是Spring Cloud Gateway 的 GatewayWebfluxEndpoint 提供 HTTP API ,不需要经过网关
        //它通过 RequestMappingHandlerMapping 进行请求匹配处理。RequestMappingHandlerMapping 的 order = 0 ,需要排在 RoutePredicateHandlerMapping 前面。所有,RoutePredicateHandlerMapping 设置 order = 1 。
        setOrder(1);
    }

    @Override
    protected Mono<?> getHandlerInternal(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
        //设置mapping到上下文环境
        exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_HANDLER_MAPPER_ATTR, getClass().getSimpleName());

        //查找路由
        return lookupRoute(exchange)
                // .log("route-predicate-handler-mapping", Level.FINER) //name this
                .flatMap((Function<Route, Mono<?>>) r -> {
                    exchange.getAttributes().remove(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR);
                    if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        logger.debug("Mapping [" + getExchangeDesc(exchange) + "] to " + r);
                    }

                    //将找到的路由信息设置到上下文环境中
                    exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_ROUTE_ATTR, r);
                    //返回mapping对应的WebHandler即FilteringWebHandler
                    return Mono.just(webHandler);
                }).switchIfEmpty(Mono.empty().then(Mono.fromRunnable(() -> {
                    //当前未找到路由时返回空,并移除GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR
                    exchange.getAttributes().remove(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR);
                    if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                        logger.trace("No RouteDefinition found for [" + getExchangeDesc(exchange) + "]");
                    }
                })));
    }

    protected Mono<Route> lookupRoute(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
        //通过路由定位器获取路由信息
        return this.routeLocator.getRoutes()
                .filter(route -> {
                    // add the current route we are testing
                    exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR, route.getId());
                    //返回通过谓语过滤的路由信息
                    return route.getPredicate().test(exchange);
                })
                // .defaultIfEmpty() put a static Route not found
                // or .switchIfEmpty()
                // .switchIfEmpty(Mono.<Route>empty().log("noroute"))
                .next()
                //TODO: error handling
                .map(route -> {
                    if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        logger.debug("Route matched: " + route.getId());
                    }
                    //校验路由,目前空实现
                    validateRoute(route, exchange);
                    return route;
                });

    }
}

RoutePredicateHandlerMapping的执行顺序

  • 通过路由定位器获取全部路由(RouteLocator)
  • 通过路由的谓语(Predicate)过滤掉不可用的路由信息
  • 查找到路由信息后将路由信息设置当上下文环境中(GATEWAY_ROUTE_ATTR)
  • 返回gatway自定的webhandler(FilteringWebHandler)

备注:

在构建方法中看到setOrder(1);作用:Spring Cloud Gateway 的 GatewayWebfluxEndpoint 提供 HTTP API ,不需要经过网关。
通过 RequestMappingHandlerMapping 进行请求匹配处理。RequestMappingHandlerMapping 的 order = 0 ,需要排在 RoutePredicateHandlerMapping 前面,所以设置 order = 1 。

FilteringWebHandler


/**
 * 通过过滤器处理web请求的处理器
 * WebHandler that delegates to a chain of {@link GlobalFilter} instances and
 * {@link GatewayFilterFactory} instances then to the target {@link WebHandler}.
 *
 * @author Rossen Stoyanchev
 * @author Spencer Gibb
 * @since 0.1
 */
public class FilteringWebHandler implements WebHandler {
    protected static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(FilteringWebHandler.class);

    /**
     * 全局过滤器
     */
    private final List<GatewayFilter> globalFilters;

    public FilteringWebHandler(List<GlobalFilter> globalFilters) {
        this.globalFilters = loadFilters(globalFilters);
    }

    /**
     * 包装加载全局的过滤器,将全局过滤器包装成GatewayFilter
     * @param filters
     * @return
     */
    private static List<GatewayFilter> loadFilters(List<GlobalFilter> filters) {
        return filters.stream()
                .map(filter -> {
                    //将所有的全局过滤器包装成网关过滤器
                    GatewayFilterAdapter gatewayFilter = new GatewayFilterAdapter(filter);
                    //判断全局过滤器是否实现了可排序接口
                    if (filter instanceof Ordered) {
                        int order = ((Ordered) filter).getOrder();
                        //包装成可排序的网关过滤器
                        return new OrderedGatewayFilter(gatewayFilter, order);
                    }
                    return gatewayFilter;
                }).collect(Collectors.toList());
    }


    @Override
    public Mono<Void> handle(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
        //获取请求上下文设置的路由实例
        Route route = exchange.getRequiredAttribute(GATEWAY_ROUTE_ATTR);
        //获取路由定义下的网关过滤器集合
        List<GatewayFilter> gatewayFilters = route.getFilters();

        //组合全局的过滤器与路由配置的过滤器
        List<GatewayFilter> combined = new ArrayList<>(this.globalFilters);
        //添加路由配置过滤器到集合尾部
        combined.addAll(gatewayFilters);
        //对过滤器进行排序
        //TODO: needed or cached?
        AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(combined);

        logger.debug("Sorted gatewayFilterFactories: "+ combined);
        //创建过滤器链表对其进行链式调用
        return new DefaultGatewayFilterChain(combined).filter(exchange);
    }
}

FilteringWebHandler的执行顺序

  • 构建一个包含全局过滤器的集合(combined)
  • 获取上下中的路由信息GATEWAY_ROUTE_ATTR
  • 将路由里的过滤器添加到集合中(combined)
  • 对过滤器集合进行排序操作
  • 通过过滤器集合组装过滤器链表,并进行调用(DefaultGatewayFilterChain与Servlet中的FilterChain与原理是一致的)
  • 通过过滤器来处理请求到具体业务服务
    整个代码阅读下来,使得对Spring-Cloud-Gateway的工作原理清晰明了的理解。

专家推荐

“随着微服务架构的发展,Spring Cloud 使用得越来越广泛。驰狼课堂 Spring Boot 快速入门,Spring Boot 与Spring Cloud 整合,docker+k8s,大型电商商城等多套免费实战教程可以帮您真正做到快速上手,将技术点切实运用到微服务项目中。”

关注公众号,每天精彩内容,第一时间送达!
在这里插入图片描述

猜你喜欢

转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_43253123/article/details/83312136