1.已备份的介质
[root@Oracle02 bak_dir]# tree .
├── 2016_12_28 --控制文件 spfile文件
│ └── o1_mf_s_931822213_d67pn609_.bkp
├── 2016_12_29 --rman备份之后产生的归档日志
│ ├── o1_mf_1_2841_d68fh9bc_.arc
│ ├── o1_mf_1_2842_d68o9nf9_.arc
│ └── o1_mf_1_2843_d68o9o0j_.arc
├── clinics_archbak_ORCL_20161228_474 --被rman备份的归档日志
├── clinics_archbak_ORCL_20161228_475
├── clinics_archbak_ORCL_20161228_479
├── clinics_fullbak_ORCL_20161228_476_1 --被rman备份的库
├── clinics_fullbak_ORCL_20161228_477_1
└── clinics_fullbak_ORCL_20161228_478_1
[root@Oracle02 bak_dir]#
注：
1.当前环境只安装了oracle软件，并未安装任何数据库
2.当前目录需同源机备份目录相同 否则rman通过控制文件无法找到备份集
2.恢复
2.1 从自动备份中回复spfile
[root@Oracle02 clinics]# su - oracle
[oracle@Oracle02 ~]$ rman target / nocatalog
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Dec 29 11:48:30 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database (not started)
RMAN> startup nomount force;
startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initorcl.ora'
starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 158662656 bytes
Fixed Size 2211448 bytes
Variable Size 88080776 bytes
Database Buffers 62914560 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes
RMAN> restore spfile from '/home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_28/o1_mf_s_931822213_d67pn609_.bkp';
Starting restore at 29-DEC-16
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_28/o1_mf_s_931822213_d67pn609_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 29-DEC-16
RMAN>
#查看当前恢复出来的spfile
[oracle@Oracle02 dbs]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs
[oracle@Oracle02 dbs]$ ls -l
总用量 12
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 2851 5月 15 2009 init.ora
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 2560 12月 29 11:57 spfileorcl.ora
[oracle@Oracle02 dbs]$ more spfileorcl.ora
orcl.__java_pool_size=268435456
orcl.__large_pool_size=268435456
orcl.__oracle_base='/opt/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=12348030976
orcl.__sga_target=18253611008
orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0
orcl.__shared_pool_size=4563402752
orcl.__streams_pool_size=536870912
*.audit_file_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/opC
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=10737418240
*.diagnostic_dest='/opt/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.memory_target=30484201472
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
[oracle@Oracle02 dbs]$
根据实际情况修改spfile中参数的目录。
[oracle@Oracle02 dbs]$ more spfileorcl.ora
orcl.__java_pool_size=26843545
orcl.__large_pool_size=26843545
orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle' #ORACLE_BASE set from environment
orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=1234803097
orcl.__sga_target=1825361100
orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0
orcl.__shared_pool_size=456340275
orcl.__streams_pool_size=53687091
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/u01/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=107374182
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
[oracle@Oracle02 dbs]$
2.2 从自动备份中恢复controfile
#利用恢复的spfile将数据库启动到nomount状态
SQL> startup nomount pfile="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/spfileorcl.ora"
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 217157632 bytes
Fixed Size 2211928 bytes
Variable Size 159387560 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5226496 bytes
SQL>
#从备份中恢复controfile
[oracle@Oracle02 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Dec 29 16:34:04 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (not mounted)
RMAN> RESTORE CONTROLFILE FROM '/home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_28/o1_mf_s_931822213_d67pn609_.bkp';
Starting restore at 29-DEC-16
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/u01/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
Finished restore at 29-DEC-16
RMAN>
2.3 恢复数据
将数据库切换到mount状态
SQL> alter database mount;
Database altered.
SQL>
确定源文件目录
SQL> select name from v$controlfile
2 union
3 select name from v$datafile
4 union
5 select member from v$logfile
6 union
7 select name from v$tempfile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/112/network/admin/clinics_data01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
/u01/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf
/opt/oracle/112/network/admin/clinics_temp01.dbf
SQL>
#更改redo日志目录
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log' TO '/u01/oradata/orcl/redo01.log';
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log' TO '/u01/oradata/orcl/redo02.log';
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log' TO '/u01/oradata/orcl/redo03.log';
SQL>
#更改tmp文件目录
tmp文件目录更改需要在数据库open状态下进行，恢复后在处理
#恢复数据文件
RMAN> run {
2> set newname for datafile '/opt/oracle/112/network/admin/clinics_data01.dbf' to '/u01/oradata/orcl/clinics01.dbf';
3> set newname for datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf' to '/u01/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf';
4> set newname for datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf' to '/u01/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf';
5> set newname for datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf' to '/u01/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf';
6> set newname for datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf' to '/u01/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf';
7> set newname for datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf' to '/u01/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf';
8> restore database;
9> switch datafile all;
10> }
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 29-DEC-16
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 29-DEC-16
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK
Crosschecked 17 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 29-DEC-16
Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 29-DEC-16
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 29-DEC-16
searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
no files cataloged
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /u01/oradata/orcl/clinics01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/bak_dir/clinics_fullbak_ORCL_20161228_476_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/bak_dir/clinics_fullbak_ORCL_20161228_476_1 tag=TAG20161228T233003
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/bak_dir/clinics_fullbak_ORCL_20161228_477_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/bak_dir/clinics_fullbak_ORCL_20161228_477_1 tag=TAG20161228T233003
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
Finished restore at 29-DEC-16
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=931879279 file name=/u01/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=9 STAMP=931879279 file name=/u01/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=10 STAMP=931879279 file name=/u01/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=11 STAMP=931879280 file name=/u01/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=12 STAMP=931879280 file name=/u01/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
datafile 6 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=13 STAMP=931879280 file name=/u01/oradata/orcl/clinics01.dbf
RMAN>
#查看回复结果
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
/u01/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
/u01/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
/u01/oradata/orcl/clinics01.dbf
SQL>
2.4 执行不完全恢复
#将备份之后产生的归档日志登记到控制文件中
[oracle@Oracle02 dbs]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Dec 29 15:29:47 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1435659836, not open)
RMAN> catalog archivelog '/home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_29/o1_mf_1_2841_d68fh9bc_.arc';
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
cataloged archived log
archived log file name=/home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_29/o1_mf_1_2841_d68fh9bc_.arc RECID=803 STAMP=931879849
RMAN> catalog archivelog '/home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_29/o1_mf_1_2842_d68o9nf9_.arc';
cataloged archived log
archived log file name=/home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_29/o1_mf_1_2842_d68o9nf9_.arc RECID=804 STAMP=931879869
RMAN> catalog archivelog '/home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_29/o1_mf_1_2843_d68o9o0j_.arc';
cataloged archived log
archived log file name=/home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_29/o1_mf_1_2843_d68o9o0j_.arc RECID=805 STAMP=931879897
RMAN>
#查看登记后的归档日志
SQL> select thread#,sequence#,name,next_change# from v$archived_log;
THREAD# SEQUENCE# NAME NEXT_CHANGE#
---------- ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------
1 2840 39240733
1 2841 /home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_29/o1_mf_1_2841_d68fh9bc_.arc 39270727
1 2842 /home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_29/o1_mf_1_2842_d68o9nf9_.arc 39282742
1 2843 /home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_29/o1_mf_1_2843_d68o9o0j_.arc 39284949
SQL>
#根据归档日志视图v$archived_log.SEQUENCE#,在RMAN命令行下执行恢复
RMAN> run{
2> set until sequence 2844 thread 1;
3> recover database;
4> }
executing command: SET until clause
Starting recover at 29-DEC-16
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 2841 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_29/o1_mf_1_2841_d68fh9bc_.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 2842 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_29/o1_mf_1_2842_d68o9nf9_.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 2843 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_29/o1_mf_1_2843_d68o9o0j_.arc
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=2840
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/bak_dir/clinics_archbak_ORCL_20161228_479
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/bak_dir/clinics_archbak_ORCL_20161228_479 tag=TAG20161228T233012
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=/u01/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2016_12_29/o1_mf_1_2840_d69m35bo_.arc thread=1 sequence=2840
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u01/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2016_12_29/o1_mf_1_2840_d69m35bo_.arc RECID=806 STAMP=931884133
archived log file name=/home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_29/o1_mf_1_2841_d68fh9bc_.arc thread=1 sequence=2841
archived log file name=/home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_29/o1_mf_1_2842_d68o9nf9_.arc thread=1 sequence=2842
archived log file name=/home/oracle/bak_dir/2016_12_29/o1_mf_1_2843_d68o9o0j_.arc thread=1 sequence=2843
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:10
Finished recover at 29-DEC-16
RMAN>
2.5 以resetlogs方式打开数据库
[oracle@Oracle02 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Dec 29 17:04:31 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1435659836, not open)
RMAN> sql'alter database open resetlogs';
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
sql statement: alter database open resetlogs
RMAN>
3.恢复库的后续处理
3.1查看各个文件目录
SQL> select name from v$controlfile
2 union
3 select name from v$datafile
4 union
5 select member from v$logfile
6 union
7 select name from v$tempfile;
NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/112/network/admin/clinics_temp01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf
/u01/oradata/orcl/clinics01.dbf
/u01/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
/u01/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
/u01/oradata/orcl/redo01.log
/u01/oradata/orcl/redo02.log
/u01/oradata/orcl/redo03.log
/u01/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
/u01/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
SQL> select ts#,bytes/1024/1024,name from v$tempfile;
TS# BYTES/1024/1024 NAME
---------- --------------- ------------------------------------------------------------
3 0 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf
7 0 /opt/oracle/112/network/admin/clinics_temp01.dbf
SQL> select ts#,name from v$tablespace where ts# in (3,7);
TS# NAME
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
3 TEMP
7 CLINICS_TEMP
SQL>
添加新临时文件
SQL> alter tablespace temp add tempfile '/u01/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf' size 50M;
SQL> alter tablespace CLINICS_TEMP add tempfile '/u01/oradata/orcl/clinics_temp01.dbf' size 50M;
删除历史临时文件
SQL> alter database tempfile '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf' drop;
SQL> alter database tempfile '/opt/oracle/112/network/admin/clinics_temp01.dbf' drop;
3.2创建spfile
SQL> create spfile from memory;
File created.
SQL>
OK鸟！
异机环境不完全恢复
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