二、Kubernetes快速入门
（1）Kubernetes集群的部署方法及部署要点
（2）部署Kubernetes分布式集群
（3）kubectl使用基础
1、简介
kubectl就是API service的客户端程序，通过连接master节点上的API service实现k8s对象、资源的增删改查操作。
对象：node、pod、service、controller（replicaset，deployment，statefulet，daemonset，job，cronjob）
2、子命令
分类
#基本命令
Basic Commands (Beginner：初级):
create ：Create a resource from a file or from stdin.
expose ：Take a replication controller, service, deployment or pod and expose it as a new Kubernetes Service
run ：Run a particular image on the cluster
set ：Set specific features on objects
Basic Commands (Intermediate：中级):
explain ：Documentation of resources
get ：Display one or many resources
edit ：Edit a resource on the server
delete ：Delete resources by filenames, stdin, resources and names, or by resources and label selector
Deploy Commands（部署命令）:
rollout ：Manage the rollout of a resource #回滚
scale ：Set a new size for a Deployment, ReplicaSet, Replication Controller, or Job #手动改变应用程序的规模
autoscale ：Auto-scale a Deployment, ReplicaSet, or ReplicationController #自动改变
Cluster Management Commands（集群管理命令）:
certificate ：Modify certificate resources. #证书
cluster-info ：Display cluster info #集群信息
top ：Display Resource (CPU/Memory/Storage) usage.
cordon ：Mark node as unschedulable #标记节点不可被调用
uncordon ：Mark node as schedulable
drain ：Drain node in preparation for maintenance #排干节点
taint ：Update the taints on one or more nodes #给节点增加污点
Troubleshooting and Debugging Commands（故障排除和调试命令）:
describe ：Show details of a specific resource or group of resources #描述资源的详细信息
logs ：Print the logs for a container in a pod
attach ：Attach to a running container
exec ：Execute a command in a container
port-forward ：Forward one or more local ports to a pod #端口转发
proxy ：Run a proxy to the Kubernetes API server
cp ：Copy files and directories to and from containers.
auth ：Inspect authorization
Advanced Commands（高级命令）:
apply ：Apply a configuration to a resource by filename or stdin
patch ：Update field(s) of a resource using strategic merge patch
replace ：Replace a resource by filename or stdin
wait ：Experimental: Wait for a specific condition on one or many resources.
convert ：Convert config files between different API versions
Settings Commands（设置命令）:
label ：Update the labels on a resource #标签，有长度限制
annotate ：Update the annotations on a resource #注解
completion ：Output shell completion code for the specified shell (bash or zsh) #命令补全
Other Commands:
alpha ：Commands for features in alpha
api-resources ：Print the supported API resources on the server
api-versions ：Print the supported API versions on the server, in the form of "group/version"
config ：Modify kubeconfig files
plugin ：Provides utilities for interacting with plugins.
version ：Print the client and server version information
Usage:
kubectl [flags] [options]
3、创建Pod
创建一个控制器名为nginx-deploy，镜像版本为nginx:1.14-alpine的Pod，暴露端口80，副本为1
[root@master ~]# kubectl run nginx-deploy --image=nginx:1.14-alpine --port=80 --replicas=1
如下图，此时可以看出创建成功了，而且在node02节点上，网段是10.244.2.0/24，而node01节点的网段是10.244.1.0/24。
可通过node01节点进行访问试试，而10.244.2.2是pod地址，只能在k8s集群中内部才能访问。
Pod的客户端有两类：其他Pod和集群外的客户端
（4）命令式应用部署、扩缩容、服务暴露