在熟悉了栈的基本操作之后，本人试着解决了迷宫问题过程如下：
再次用的是回溯法解决。具体想了解去百度！！！！!
首先在头文件里定义了三种不同难度迷宫代码如下：
#pragma once
#include "Stack.h"
#define N 6
//static int maze[N][N] = {
// {0,0,0,0,0,0},
// {0,0,1,0,0,0},
// {0,0,1,0,0,0},
// {0,0,1,1,1,0},
// {0,0,1,0,1,1},
// {0,0,1,0,0,0},
//};
//static int maze[N][N] = {
// {0,0,0,0,0,0},
// {0,0,1,1,1,1},
// {0,0,1,0,0,0},
// {0,0,1,1,1,1},
// {0,0,1,0,0,0},
// {0,0,1,0,0,0},
//};
static int maze[N][N] = {
{0,0,0,0,0,0},
{0,0,1,1,1,0},
{0,0,1,0,1,0},
{0,0,1,1,1,1},
{0,0,1,0,0,0},
{0,0,1,0,0,0},
};
int GetMazePath(Pos entry, Pos exit);
void PrintMaze();
void TestMaze();
分别是：
一、只有一个出口的迷宫
二、含有多个出口的迷宫
三、带环的迷宫
首先先列出前俩种迷宫的代码：
#include "Maze.h"
int CheckAccess(Pos next)
{
if (next._row >= 0 && next._row < N
&& next._col >= 0 && next._col < N
&& maze[next._row][next._col] == 1)
{
return 1;
}
else
{
return 0;
}
}
Stack minpath;
int pathsize = 0;
int GetMazePath(Pos entry, Pos exit)
{
Stack path;
StackInit(&path);
StackPush(&path, entry);
while (StackEmpty(&path))
{
Pos cur = StackTop(&path);
Pos next;
maze[cur._row][cur._col] = 2;
//if (cur._row == exit._row
// && cur._col == exit._col)
if (cur._col == 5)//‘标记行’
{
// 出口
// 如果只找一条通路，则返回
//StackDestory(&path);
//return 1;
//若要解决第一类迷宫问题，将上面注释取消且将’标记行‘注释即可
if(pathsize == 0
|| StackSize(&path) < pathsize)
{
pathsize = StackSize(&path);
}
}
// 探测下一个可以去的位置
// 上
next = cur;
next._row -= 1;
if (CheckAccess(next))
{
StackPush(&path, next);
continue;
}
// 下
next = cur;
next._row += 1;
if (CheckAccess(next))
{
StackPush(&path, next);
continue;
}
// 左
next = cur;
next._col -= 1;
if (CheckAccess(next))
{
StackPush(&path, next);
continue;
}
// 右
next = cur;
next._col += 1;
if (CheckAccess(next))
{
StackPush(&path, next);
continue;
}
// 回溯
StackPop(&path);
}
return 0;
}
void PrintMaze()
{
size_t i, j;
for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
{
for (j = 0; j < N; ++j)
{
printf("%d ", maze[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n");
}
void TestMaze()
{
Pos entry, exit;
entry._row = 5;
entry._col = 2;
exit._row = 4;
exit._col = 5;
PrintMaze();
printf("是否有出口?:%d\n", GetMazePath(entry, exit));
printf("最短路径:%d\n", pathsize);
PrintMaze();
}
void main()
{
TestMaze();
}
下面是第三类带环迷宫代码：
#include "Maze.h"
int CheckAccess(Pos cur, Pos next)
{
if ((next._row >= 0 && next._row < N && next._col >= 0 && next._col < N)
&& (maze[next._row][next._col] == 1 || maze[next._row][next._col] > maze[cur._row][cur._col] + 1))
{
return 1;
}
else
{
return 0;
}
}
Stack minpath;
int pathsize = 0;
int GetMazePath(Pos entry, Pos exit)
{
Stack path;
StackInit(&path);
StackPush(&path, entry);
maze[entry._row][entry._col] = 2;
while (StackEmpty(&path))
{
Pos cur = StackTop(&path);
Pos next;
if (cur._col == 5)
{
if(pathsize == 0
|| StackSize(&path) < pathsize)
{
pathsize = StackSize(&path);
}
}
// 探测下一个可以去的位置
// 上
next = cur;
next._row -= 1;
if (CheckAccess(cur, next))
{
maze[next._row][next._col] = maze[cur._row][cur._col]+1;
StackPush(&path, next);
continue;
}
// 下
next = cur;
next._row += 1;
if (CheckAccess(cur, next))
{
maze[next._row][next._col] = maze[cur._row][cur._col]+1;
StackPush(&path, next);
continue;
}
// 左
next = cur;
next._col -= 1;
if (CheckAccess(cur, next))
{
maze[next._row][next._col] = maze[cur._row][cur._col]+1;
StackPush(&path, next);
continue;
}
// 右
next = cur;
next._col += 1;
if (CheckAccess(cur, next))
{
maze[next._row][next._col] = maze[cur._row][cur._col]+1;
StackPush(&path, next);
continue;
}
// 回溯
StackPop(&path);
}
return 0;
}
void PrintMaze()
{
size_t i, j;
for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
{
for (j = 0; j < N; ++j)
{
printf("%d ", maze[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n");
}
void TestMaze()
{
Pos entry, exit;
entry._row = 5;
entry._col = 2;
exit._row = 4;
exit._col = 5;
PrintMaze();
printf("是否有出口?:%d\n", GetMazePath(entry, exit));
printf("最短路径:%d\n", pathsize);
PrintMaze();
}
void main()
{
TestMaze();
}
在此附上迷宫所需栈的代码：
//头文件------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma once
#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
//typedef int DataType;
//
//#define N 10
//typedef struct Stack
//{
// DataType _a[N];
// int _top; // 栈顶
//}Stack;
typedef struct Pos
{
int _row;
int _col;
}Pos;
typedef Pos DataType;
typedef struct Stack
{
DataType* _a;
int _top; // 栈顶
int _capacity; // 容量
}Stack;
void StackInit(Stack* ps);
void StackDestory(Stack* ps);
void StackPush(Stack* ps, DataType x);
void StackPop(Stack* ps);
DataType StackTop(Stack* ps);
int StackEmpty(Stack* ps);
int StackSize(Stack* ps);
void StackPrint(Stack * ps);
void TestStack();
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
函数文件---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "Stack.h"
void StackInit(Stack* ps)
{
assert(ps);
ps->_a = (DataType*)malloc(sizeof(DataType));
assert(ps->_a);
ps->_top = 0;
ps->_capacity = 1;
}
void StackDestory(Stack* ps)
{
assert(ps);
if(ps->_a)
{
free(ps->_a);
ps->_a = NULL;
ps->_top = 0;
ps->_capacity = 0;
}
}
void StackPush(Stack* ps,DataType x)
{
assert(ps);
if(ps->_top == ps->_capacity)
{
ps->_a = realloc(ps->_a,2*ps->_capacity*sizeof(DataType));
ps->_capacity *= 2;
}
ps->_a[ps->_top] = x;
ps->_top++;
}
void StackPop(Stack* ps)
{
assert(ps->_a);
assert(ps->_top > 0);
ps->_top--;
}
DataType StackTop(Stack* ps)
{
assert(ps->_a && ps->_top > -1);
return ps->_a[ps->_top-1];
}
//空 0
//非空 1
int StackEmpty(Stack* ps)
{
assert(ps);
return ps->_top == 0 ? 0 :1;
}
int StackSize(Stack* ps)
{
return ps->_top;
}
void StackPrint(Stack *ps)
{
int i;
if(ps->_top == 0)
{
printf("栈为空，无法打印\n");
return ;
}
printf("栈内容为：");
for(i=ps->_top-1;i>=0;i--)
{
printf("%d ",ps->_a[i]);
}
printf("\n");
}
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代码为练习所做，如有错误，还请指出！！在此谢过！！