21.【任务案例:实现用户自动登录】

任务目标

通过前面的学习,我们了解到Cookie可以实现用户自动登录的功能。当用户第1次访问服务器时,服务器会发送一个包含用户信息的Cookie。之后,当客户端再次访问服务器时,会向服务器回送Cookie。这样,服务器就可以从Cookie中获取用户信息,从而实现用户的自动登录功能。
使用Cooke实现用户自动登录后,当客户端访问服务器的Servlet时,所有的Servlet都需要对用户的Cookie信息进行校验,这样势必会导致在Servlet程序中书写大量的重复代码。
为了解决上面的问题,可以在Filter程序中实现Cookie的校验。由于Filter可以对服务器的所有请求进行拦截,因此,一旦请求通过Filter程序,就相当于用户信息校验通过,Servlet程序根据获取到的用户信息,就可以实现自动登录了。通过本任务的学习,同学将会学会使用Filter实现用户的自动登录功能

实现步骤

1.创建实体类user

public class User {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
}

2.创建登录页面login.jsp

<html>

<head></head>

<center><h3>用户登录</h3></center>

<body style="text-align: center;">

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/LoginServlet"

    method="post">

<table border="1" width="600px" cellpadding="0" 

    cellspacing="0"align="center">

    <tr>

        <td height="30" align="center">用户名:</td>

        <td><input type="text" name="username" />${errerMsg }</td>

    </tr>

    <tr>

        <td height="30" align="center">密   &nbsp;码:</td>

        <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="password" name="password" /></td>

    </tr>

    <tr>

        <td height="35" align="center">自动登录时间</td>

        <td><input type="radio" name="autologin" 

                                              value="${60*60*24*31 }" />一个月

            <input type="radio" name="autologin" 

                                             value="${60*60*24*31*3 }" />三个月

            <input type="radio" name="autologin" 

                                             value="${60*60*24*31*6 }" />半年

            <input type="radio" name="autologin" 

                                             value="${60*60*24*31*12 }" />一年

        </td>

    </tr>

    <tr>

        <td height="30" colspan="2" align="center">

            <input type="submit" value="登录" />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

            <input type="reset" value="重置" />

        </td>

    </tr>

</table>

</form>

</body>

<html>

3.创建LoginServlet

@WebServlet("/LoginServlett")
public class LoginServlett extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {    
        doGet(request,response);
    }
        protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 获得用户名和密码
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        // 检查用户名和密码
        if ("itcast".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {
            // 登录成功
            // 将用户状态 user 对象存入 session域
            User user = new User();
            user.setUsername(username);
            user.setPassword(password);
            request.getSession().setAttribute("user", user);
            // 发送自动登录的cookie
            String autoLogin = request.getParameter("autologin");
            if (autoLogin != null) {
                // 注意 cookie 中的密码要加密 itcast-123456
                Cookie cookie = new Cookie("autologin", username + "-"   +password);
                cookie.setMaxAge(Integer.parseInt(autoLogin));
                cookie.setPath(request.getContextPath());
                response.addCookie(cookie);
            }
            // 跳转至首页
            response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+  "/index.jsp");    
        }else {
            request.setAttribute("errerMsg", "用户名或密码错");
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request,  response);
        }        
    }
}

4.创建登录成功后的首页index.jsp

<html>
<head>
  <title>显示登录的用户信息</title>
</head>
<body>
<br>
<center>
  <h3>欢迎光临</h3>
</center>
<br>
<c:choose>
  <c:when test="${sessionScope.user==null}">
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login.jsp">
      用户登录</a>
  </c:when>
  <c:otherwise>
    欢迎你,${sessionScope.user.username }!
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/LogoutServlet">注销</a>
  </c:otherwise>
</c:choose>
<hr>
</body>
</html>

5.创建过滤器AutoLoginFilter

@WebFilter("/*")
public class AutoLoginFilter implements Filter {
    public void destroy() {
    }
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
        HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
        // 获得一个名为 autologin的cookie
        Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
        String autologin = null;
        for (int i = 0; cookies != null && i < cookies.length; i++) {
            if ("autologin".equals(cookies[i].getName())) {
                // 找到了指定的cookie itcast-123456
                autologin= cookies[i].getValue();
                break;
            }
        }
        if (autologin != null) {
            // 做自动登录
            String[] parts = autologin.split("-");
            String username = parts[0];
            String password = parts[1];
            // 检查用户名和密码
            if ("itcast".equals(username)&& ("123456").equals(password)) {
                // 登录成功,将用户状态 user 对象存入 session域
                User user = new User();
                user.setUsername(username);
                user.setPassword(password);
                request.getSession().setAttribute("user", user);
            }
        }
        // 放行
        chain.doFilter(request,resp);
    }
    public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {

    }
}

6.创建注销的LogoutServlet

@WebServlet("/LogoutServlett")
public class LogoutServlett extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
            response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
            PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
            //删除session中的值
            request.getSession().removeAttribute("user");
            //删除客户端保存的登录cookie
            Cookie cookie=new Cookie("autologin","msg");
            cookie.setPath(request.getContextPath());
            cookie.setMaxAge(0);
            response.addCookie(cookie);
            response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/index.jsp");
            out.flush();
            out.close();
    }
}

运行http://localhost:8080/login.jsp 输入用户名称密码进入 后台
关闭浏览器后,下次直接输入后台地址:http://localhost:8080/index.jsp
也能显示用户登录信息。

猜你喜欢

转载自blog.csdn.net/lcachang/article/details/82942378
今日推荐