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一、Spring 的编程式事务管理
1. 基于底层 API 的编程式事务管理
根据PlatformTransactionManager、TransactionDefinition 和 TransactionStatus 三个核心接口，我们完全可以通过编程的方式来进行事务管理。代码如下：
@Service
public class BankServiceImpl implements BankService {
private BankDao bankDao;
private TransactionDefinition txDefinition;
private PlatformTransactionManager txManager;
......
public boolean transfer(Long fromId, Long toId, double amount) {
TransactionStatus txStatus = txManager.getTransaction(txDefinition);
boolean result = false;
try {
result = bankDao.transfer(fromId, toId, amount);
txManager.commit(txStatus);
} catch (Exception e) {
result = false;
txManager.rollback(txStatus);
System.out.println("Transfer Error!");
}
return result;
}
}2. 基于 TransactionTemplate 的编程式事务管理
二、Spring 的声明式事务管理
maven依赖：
<properties>
<spring.version>4.3.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.26</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.21</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
<bean id="parentDataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
destroy-method="close" abstract="true" init-method="init" >
<!-- 初始化连接大小 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="2" />
<!-- 连接池最大使用连接数量 -->
<property name="maxActive" value="10" />
<!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->
<property name="minIdle" value="5" />
<!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->
<property name="maxWait" value="30000" />
<!-- <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" /> -->
<!-- <property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize" value="33" /> -->
<property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 1" />
<property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" />
<property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />
<property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />
<!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒 -->
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" />
<!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒 -->
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="25200000" />
<!-- 打开removeAbandoned功能 -->
<property name="removeAbandoned" value="true" />
<!-- 1800秒，也就是30分钟 -->
<property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="1800" />
<!-- 关闭abanded连接时输出错误日志 -->
<property name="logAbandoned" value="true" />
<!-- 监控数据库 -->
<!-- <property name="filters" value="stat" /> -->
<property name="filters" value="mergeStat" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置数据源-->
<bean id="masterDataSource" parent="parentDataSource">
<property name="url" value="#{jdbc['master.jdbc.url']}" />
<property name="username" value="#{jdbc['master.jdbc.username']}" />
<property name="password" value="#{jdbc['master.jdbc.password']}" />
<property name="driverClassName" value="#{jdbc['master.jdbc.driver']}" />
<property name="maxActive" value="15" />
</bean>
<!--Spring JdbcTemplate-->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="masterDataSource"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="masterDataSource" />
</bean>
<!-- 启用事物注解 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
</beans>
以用户下单为例，譬如下单分为两个步骤：更新商品库存和创建订单服务两步，代码如下：
/**
* ${DESCRIPTION}
*
* @author Ricky Fung
* @create 2017-03-03 10:27
*/
@Service("orderBookingService")
public class OrderBookingServiceImpl implements OrderBookingService {
@Autowired
private GoodsItemDao goodsItemDao;
@Autowired
private OrderDao orderDao;
@Transactional(rollbackFor = {BookFailureException.class})
@Override
public boolean book(User user, Order order) throws BookFailureException {
boolean success = true;
int update;
for (OrderItem item : order.getItems()){
update = goodsItemDao.updateStock(item.getId(), item.getQuantity());
if(update<1){
success = false;
break;
}
}
if(success){ //更新库存成功
update = orderDao.insert(order);
if(update>0){
return true;
}
}
throw new BookFailureException("book failure");
}
}参考资料
分布式事务系列（1.2）Spring的事务体系：https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/39046?spm=5176.100239.blogcont39044.27.mmXvhw