跟我学springboot(二十三)springboot-编写自己的starters

版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,未经博主允许不得转载。 https://blog.csdn.net/a303549861/article/details/82780592

1.前言

我们想写自己的starter,该怎么下手呢?需要了解两个问题:
1、这个场景需要使用到的依赖是什么?
2、如何编写自动配置

2.如何编写自动配置

  • 自动装配Bean;
    – 自动装配使用配置类(@Configuration)结合Spring4 提供的条件判断注解
    @Conditional及Spring Boot的派生注解如@ConditionOnClass完成;
  • 配置自动装配Bean;
    – 将标注@Configuration的自动配置类,放在classpath下METAINF/spring.factories文件中
    自动装配顺序
    – 在特定自动装配Class之前
    • @AutoConfigureBefore
    – 在特定自动装配Class之后
    • @AutoConfigureAfter
    – 指定顺序
    • @AutoConfigureOrder

启动器(starter)
– 启动器模块是一个空 JAR 文件,仅提供辅助性依赖管理,这些依赖可能用于自动
装配或者其他类库
– 命名规约:
• 推荐使用以下命名规约;
• 官方命名空间
– 前缀:“ spring-boot-starter-”
– 模式:spring-boot-starter-模块名
– 举例:spring-boot-starter-web、 spring-boot-starter-actuator、 spring-boot-starter-jdbc
• 自定义命名空间
– 后缀:“ -spring-boot-starter”
– 模式:模块-spring-boot-starter
– 举例:mybatis-spring-boot-starter


@Configuration //指定这个类是一个配置类
@ConditionalOnXXX //在指定条件成立的情况下自动配置类生效
@AutoConfigureAfter //指定自动配置类的顺序
@Bean //给容器中添加组件
@ConfigurationPropertie结合相关xxxProperties类来绑定相关的配置
@EnableConfigurationProperties //让xxxProperties生效加入到容器中
自动配置类要能加载
将需要启动就加载的自动配置类,配置在META‐INF/spring.factories
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,\

3.模式

启动器只用来做依赖导入;
专门来写一个自动配置模块;
启动器依赖自动配置;别人只需要引入启动器(starter)
mybatis-spring-boot-starter;自定义启动器名-spring-boot-starter

4.创建步骤

首先我们创建两个项目
第一个项目是启动器项目,也是空项目,只提供给其他项目引用使用,在他的pom文件添加依赖autoconfiguration


1)启动器模块
项目结构如图:
在这里插入图片描述

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF‐8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema‐instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven‐4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.atguigu.starter</groupId>
<artifactId>atguigu‐spring‐boot‐starter</artifactId>
<version>1.0‐SNAPSHOT</version>
<!‐‐启动器‐‐>
<dependencies>
<!‐‐引入自动配置模块‐‐>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.atguigu.starter</groupId>
<artifactId>atguigu‐spring‐boot‐starter‐autoconfigurer</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1‐SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>

第二个项目是自动配置项目,主要功能是提供了自动配置,按照我们上面的步骤配置就行。


2)自动配置模块
项目结构如图:
在这里插入图片描述

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF‐8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema‐instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven‐
4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.atguigu.starter</groupId>
<artifactId>atguigu‐spring‐boot‐starter‐autoconfigurer</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1‐SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>atguigu‐spring‐boot‐starter‐autoconfigurer</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring‐boot‐starter‐parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!‐‐ lookup parent from repository ‐‐>
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF‐8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF‐8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!‐‐引入spring‐boot‐starter;所有starter的基本配置‐‐>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring‐boot‐starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
package com.atguigu.starter;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "atguigu.hello")
public class HelloProperties {
	private String prefix;
	private String suffix;
	public String getPrefix() {
	return prefix;
	} 
	public void setPrefix(String prefix) {
		this.prefix = prefix;
	}
	 public String getSuffix() {
		return suffix;
	} 
	public void setSuffix(String suffix) {
		this.suffix = suffix;
	}
}
package com.atguigu.starter;
public class HelloService {
	HelloProperties helloProperties;
	public HelloProperties getHelloProperties() {
	return helloProperties;
} 
public void setHelloProperties(HelloProperties helloProperties) {
	this.helloProperties = helloProperties;
} 
public String sayHellAtguigu(String name){
	return helloProperties.getPrefix()+"‐" +name + helloProperties.getSuffix();
}
}
package com.atguigu.starter;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnWebApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication //web应用才生效
@EnableConfigurationProperties(HelloProperties.class)
public class HelloServiceAutoConfiguration {
	@Autowired
	HelloProperties helloProperties;
	@Bean
	public HelloService helloService(){
	HelloService service = new HelloService();
	service.setHelloProperties(helloProperties);
	return service;
	}
}

在atguigu-spring-boot-starter-autoconfigurer/src/main/resources/META-INF/spring.factories添加配置:

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
com.atguigu.starter.HelloServiceAutoConfiguration

因为自动配置类要能加载将需要启动就加载的自动配置类,配置在META‐INF/spring.factories


添加测试项目:
目录结构如图:
在这里插入图片描述

package com.atguigu.springboot.controller;

import com.atguigu.starter.HelloService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class HelloController {

    @Autowired
    HelloService helloService;

    @GetMapping("/hello")
    public String hello(){
        return helloService.sayHellAtguigu("haha");
    }
}

atguigu.hello.prefix=ATGUIGU
atguigu.hello.suffix=HELLO WORLD
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.atguigu</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-08-starter-test</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>spring-boot-08-starter-test</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<!--引入自定义的starter-->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.atguigu.starter</groupId>
			<artifactId>atguigu-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
			<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>


</project>

访问地址localhost:8080/hello看结果:
在这里插入图片描述
配置生效。

5.更多SpringBoot整合示例

https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-samples

猜你喜欢

转载自blog.csdn.net/a303549861/article/details/82780592