本文导读

本文承接《MongoDB 下载_安装_配置及启动与连接》，启动 MongoDB 与连接 MongoDB 了解之后，现在来掌握 MongoDB 的操作语法。

MongoDB 常用操作

命令	作用	举例
mongod --dbpath=XXX	启动 MongoDB 数据库，XXX为数据库文件存放的物理路径	mongod --dbpath=D:\MongoDB\Data
mongo localhost:27017	连接 MongoDB 数据库	mongo、mongo localhost:27017、mongo ip:port
show dbs	列出所有数据库	show dbs
db	查看当前所在数据库	db
use XXX	切换到某个已存在的数据库	use test
use YYY	当 “YYY” 数据库不存在时，则为新建数据库	use mydb1
db.dropDatabase()	删除当前数据库	新进入待删除的数据库，然后执行 db.dropDatabase()
db.createCollection(“集合名称")	显示创建集合	db.createCollection(“c1")
db.集合名称.insert({})	隐式创建集合	db.集合名称.insert({name:"zhangSan",age:25})

show collections	查看当前数据库中的所有集合
show tables	查看当前数据库中的所有集合
db.集合名称.drop( )	删除集合	删除当前数据库下的指定集合，db.c1.drop( )
db.集合名称.insert({})	向集合中添加文档	db.user1.insert({name:”jack”,age:20})
db.集合名称.save({})	向集合中添加文档	db.c1.save({name:"zhangSan",age:25})
db.集合名称.remove({删除条件})	删除集合中的文档	db.c1.remove({age:25})
db.集合名称.find({条件})	根据条件查询集合中的文档	db.c1.find({age:25})
db.集合名称.find()	表示查询所有	db.c1.find()
db.集合名称.findOne()	查询第一个文档	db.c1.findOne()
更多查询命令，请直接参考下面的查询章节......

数据库与集合操作

列出所有数据库：show dbs，如下所示之所以没有显示 test 库，是因为此时 test 库中没有内容，并不是不存在 test 库。

> show dbs
admin   0.000GB
config  0.000GB
local   0.000GB
>

查看当前所在数据库：db

> db
test
>

使用某个数据库：use 已存在的数据库名字，如果数据库名称不存在，则会创建新数据库。

> use local
switched to db local
> db
local
>

创建数据库：使用命令 use 不存在数据库名称，之所以 show dbs 查看不到，是因为此时 mydb1 中没有数据而已。
use 命令后跟的数据库名，如果存在就进入此数据库，如果不存在就创建，所以这种创建方式又叫隐式创建
注意：使用命令 use mydb1 创建数据库后，并没有真正生成对应的数据文件，此时还只是存在于存储中，如果此时退出，此数据库将被删除，只有在此数据库中创建集合后，才会真正生成数据文件

> use mydb1
switched to db mydb1
> show dbs
admin   0.000GB
config  0.000GB
local   0.000GB
>

删除当前数据库：使用命令 db.dropDatabase()，先进入待删除的数据库，然后进行删除。

> show dbs
admin   0.000GB
config  0.000GB
local   0.000GB
mydb1   0.000GB
> db
mydb1
> db.dropDatabase()
{ "dropped" : "mydb1", "ok" : 1 }
> show dbs
admin   0.000GB
config  0.000GB
local   0.000GB

关闭数据库：先使用 use admin 切换数据库，然后输出 db.shutdownServer() 关闭数据库实例
当然也可以简单粗暴的直接关闭数据库的 cmd 窗口

> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.shutdownServer()
server should be down...
2018-09-11T16:41:37.684+0800 I NETWORK  [js] trying reconnect to localhost:27017 failed
2018-09-11T16:41:38.751+0800 I NETWORK  [js] reconnect localhost:27017 failed failed
>

创建集合：有两种方式，显示创建和隐式创建

显示创建可以使用命令 db.createCollection(“集合名称")
隐式创建可使用命令 db.集合名称.insert({})，创建集合并同时向集合中插入数据，例如：db.customer.insert({name:”jack”})

> use mydb1
switched to db mydb1
> db
mydb1
> db.createCollection("C1")
{ "ok" : 1 }
> show collections
C1
> db.C2.insert({"name":"zhangSan"})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> show tables
C1
C2
>

查看当前数据库中所有的集合：使用命令 show collections 或使用 show tables

> db
mydb1
> db.createCollection("C1")
{ "ok" : 1 }
> show collections
C1
> show tables
C1
>

删除集合：删除当前数据库下的指定集合，使用命令：db.集合名称.drop( )

> db
mydb1
> db.createCollection("c1")
{ "ok" : 1 }
> show tables
c1
> db.c1.drop()
true
> show tables
> db.c2.insert({"nmae":"张三"})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> show tables                })
c2
> db.c2.drop();              })
true
> show tables
>

文档操作

向集合添加文档

向集合添加文档：使用命令 db.集合名称.insert({})，例如：db.user1.insert({name:”jack”,age:20})
"_id" 相当于 Mysql 数据库的主键，MongoDB 自动生成！，find 方法执行查询操作！

> db.c1.insert({name:"zhangSan",age:"22"})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> show tables
c1
> db.c1.insert({name:"zhangSan",age:"25"})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f8e9f148825ca955cf4"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "22" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f9e9f148825ca955cf5"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "25" }
>

MongoDB 自带简洁但功能强大的 JavaScript shell，这个工具对于管理 MongoDB 实例和操作数据作用非常大，如下所示使用 JavaScript 的 for 循环进行批量插入。

> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f8e9f148825ca955cf4"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "22" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f9e9f148825ca955cf5"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "25" }
> for(var i=1;i<=10;i++){
... db.c1.insert({name:"zhangSan"+i,age:i})
... }
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f8e9f148825ca955cf4"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "22" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f9e9f148825ca955cf5"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "25" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cf6"), "name" : "zhangSan1", "age" : 1 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cf7"), "name" : "zhangSan2", "age" : 2 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cf8"), "name" : "zhangSan3", "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cf9"), "name" : "zhangSan4", "age" : 4 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfa"), "name" : "zhangSan5", "age" : 5 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfb"), "name" : "zhangSan6", "age" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfc"), "name" : "zhangSan7", "age" : 7 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfd"), "name" : "zhangSan8", "age" : 8 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfe"), "name" : "zhangSan9", "age" : 9 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cff"), "name" : "zhangSan10", "age" : 10 }
>

还可以使用 db.集合名称.save({}) 向集合中添加文档，save 与 insert 不同之处为：使用 insert 如果插入的文档中 _id 已经存在，则不能插入，类似于关系型数据库中的主键冲突
save 方法如果插入的文档中_id 已经存在，则执行更新。

> db.c1.save({name:"zhangSan",age:23})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f8e9f148825ca955cf4"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "22" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f9e9f148825ca955cf5"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "25" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cf6"), "name" : "zhangSan1", "age" : 1 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cf7"), "name" : "zhangSan2", "age" : 2 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cf8"), "name" : "zhangSan3", "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cf9"), "name" : "zhangSan4", "age" : 4 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfa"), "name" : "zhangSan5", "age" : 5 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfb"), "name" : "zhangSan6", "age" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfc"), "name" : "zhangSan7", "age" : 7 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfd"), "name" : "zhangSan8", "age" : 8 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfe"), "name" : "zhangSan9", "age" : 9 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cff"), "name" : "zhangSan10", "age" : 10 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9722269f148825ca955d00"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : 22 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97223c9f148825ca955d01"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : 23 }
>

删除集合中文档

删除集合中的文档，使用命令 db.集合名称.remove({删除条件})
不加删除条件为删除集合中的所有文档，例如，db.c1.remove({}) 为删除c1集合中的所有文档，里面的 {} 要有！
db.c1.remove({name:”user1”}) 为删除 c1 集合中 name 为 user1 的文档

> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f8e9f148825ca955cf4"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "22" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f9e9f148825ca955cf5"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "25" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cf8"), "name" : "zhangSan3", "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfb"), "name" : "zhangSan6", "age" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfc"), "name" : "zhangSan7", "age" : 7 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfd"), "name" : "zhangSan8", "age" : 8 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97223c9f148825ca955d01"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : 23 }
> db.c1.remove({age:23})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 1 })
> db.c1.remove({age:7})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 1 })
> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f8e9f148825ca955cf4"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "22" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f9e9f148825ca955cf5"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "25" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cf8"), "name" : "zhangSan3", "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfb"), "name" : "zhangSan6", "age" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfd"), "name" : "zhangSan8", "age" : 8 }
> db.c1.remove({name:"zhangSan8",age:8})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 1 })
> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f8e9f148825ca955cf4"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "22" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f9e9f148825ca955cf5"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "25" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cf8"), "name" : "zhangSan3", "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfb"), "name" : "zhangSan6", "age" : 6 }
> db.c1.remove({})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 4 })
> db.c1.find()

查询集合中文档

查询集合中的文档，可以使用命令 db.集合名称.find({条件})，或者使用 db.集合名称.findOne() 查询第一个文档
db.集合名称.find() 表示查询所有，但是 cmd 命令行面板只会最多显示 20条数据。

> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f8e9f148825ca955cf4"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "22" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f9e9f148825ca955cf5"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "25" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cf8"), "name" : "zhangSan3", "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfb"), "name" : "zhangSan6", "age" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfd"), "name" : "zhangSan8", "age" : 8 }
> db.c1.find({name:"zhangSan"})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f8e9f148825ca955cf4"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "22" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f9e9f148825ca955cf5"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "25" }
> db.c1.findOne()
{
        "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f8e9f148825ca955cf4"),
        "name" : "zhangSan",
        "age" : "22"
}
>

查询集合中的文档，返回某些特定的键值，如下命令行查询所示，一一进行说明：

db.c1.find()：查询集合 c1 中的所有文档数据
db.c1.find({})：查询集合 c1 中的所有文档数据，等价于 db.c1.find()，{} 表示查询条件为空
db.c1.find({name:"zhangSan",age:25})：查询集合 c1 中的 name 等于 zhangSan，且 age 等于 25 的文档
db.c1.find({},{age:1})：表示查询集合 c1 中的所有文档数据，但只返回 age 字段（1表示 true）
db.c1.find({},{age:0})：表示查询集合 c1 中的所有文档数据，但只返回除 age 字段以外的字段（0表示 tfalse）
db.c1.find({name:"zhangSan"},{age:1})：表示查询集合 c1 中的 name 为 zhangSan 的文档数据，且只返回 age 字段
db.c1.find({name:"zhangSan"},{name:1,age:1})：表示查询集合 c1 中的 name 为 zhangSan 的文档数据，返回 name、age 字段

第一个 {} 表示查询条件，第二个 {} 表示返回的字段

> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f8e9f148825ca955cf4"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "22" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f9e9f148825ca955cf5"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "25" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cf8"), "name" : "zhangSan3", "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfb"), "name" : "zhangSan6", "age" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfd"), "name" : "zhangSan8", "age" : 8 }
> db.c1.find({})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f8e9f148825ca955cf4"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "22" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f9e9f148825ca955cf5"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "25" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cf8"), "name" : "zhangSan3", "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfb"), "name" : "zhangSan6", "age" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfd"), "name" : "zhangSan8", "age" : 8 }
> db.c1.find({},{age:1})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f8e9f148825ca955cf4"), "age" : "22" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f9e9f148825ca955cf5"), "age" : "25" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cf8"), "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfb"), "age" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfd"), "age" : 8 }
> db.c1.find({},{age:0})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f8e9f148825ca955cf4"), "name" : "zhangSan" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f9e9f148825ca955cf5"), "name" : "zhangSan" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cf8"), "name" : "zhangSan3" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfb"), "name" : "zhangSan6" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9721a09f148825ca955cfd"), "name" : "zhangSan8" }
> db.c1.find({name:"zhangSan"},{age:1})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f8e9f148825ca955cf4"), "age" : "22" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f9e9f148825ca955cf5"), "age" : "25" }
> db.c1.find({name:"zhangSan"},{name:1,age:1})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f8e9f148825ca955cf4"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "22" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b971f9e9f148825ca955cf5"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : "25" }
>

查询集合中的文档，使用条件表达式 (<, <=, >, >=,!=)

//大于： field > value

db.collection.find({field:{$gt:value}});

//小于： field < value

db.collection.find({field:{$lt:value}});

//大于等于： field >= value

db.collection.find({field:{$gte:value}});

//小于等于： field <= value

db.collection.find({field:{$lte:value}});

//不等于： field != value

db.collection.find({field:{$ne:value}});

> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d02"), "name" : "zhangSan0", "age" : 0 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d03"), "name" : "zhangSan1", "age" : 1 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d04"), "name" : "zhangSan2", "age" : 2 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d05"), "name" : "zhangSan3", "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d06"), "name" : "zhangSan4", "age" : 4 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d07"), "name" : "zhangSan5", "age" : 5 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d08"), "name" : "zhangSan6", "age" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d09"), "name" : "zhangSan7", "age" : 7 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0a"), "name" : "zhangSan8", "age" : 8 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0b"), "name" : "zhangSan9", "age" : 9 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0c"), "name" : "zhangSan10", "age" : 10 }
> db.c1.find({age:{$gt:5}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d08"), "name" : "zhangSan6", "age" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d09"), "name" : "zhangSan7", "age" : 7 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0a"), "name" : "zhangSan8", "age" : 8 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0b"), "name" : "zhangSan9", "age" : 9 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0c"), "name" : "zhangSan10", "age" : 10 }
> db.c1.find({age:{$lt:5}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d02"), "name" : "zhangSan0", "age" : 0 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d03"), "name" : "zhangSan1", "age" : 1 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d04"), "name" : "zhangSan2", "age" : 2 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d05"), "name" : "zhangSan3", "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d06"), "name" : "zhangSan4", "age" : 4 }
> db.c1.find({age:{$gte:5}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d07"), "name" : "zhangSan5", "age" : 5 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d08"), "name" : "zhangSan6", "age" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d09"), "name" : "zhangSan7", "age" : 7 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0a"), "name" : "zhangSan8", "age" : 8 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0b"), "name" : "zhangSan9", "age" : 9 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0c"), "name" : "zhangSan10", "age" : 10 }
> db.c1.find({age:{$lte:5}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d02"), "name" : "zhangSan0", "age" : 0 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d03"), "name" : "zhangSan1", "age" : 1 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d04"), "name" : "zhangSan2", "age" : 2 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d05"), "name" : "zhangSan3", "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d06"), "name" : "zhangSan4", "age" : 4 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d07"), "name" : "zhangSan5", "age" : 5 }
> db.c1.find({age:{$ne:5},name:{$ne:"zhangSan6"}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d02"), "name" : "zhangSan0", "age" : 0 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d03"), "name" : "zhangSan1", "age" : 1 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d04"), "name" : "zhangSan2", "age" : 2 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d05"), "name" : "zhangSan3", "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d06"), "name" : "zhangSan4", "age" : 4 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d09"), "name" : "zhangSan7", "age" : 7 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0a"), "name" : "zhangSan8", "age" : 8 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0b"), "name" : "zhangSan9", "age" : 9 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0c"), "name" : "zhangSan10", "age" : 10 }

查询集合中的文档，统计(count)、排序(sort)、分页(skip、limit)：skip 为起始索引位置，limit 为读取的条数，类似 mysql 的 limit(X,Y) 方法，索引从0开始。

db.customer.count();——————统计集合中所有的文档个数

db.customer.find().count();——————统计集合中所有的文档个数

db.customer.find({age:{$gt:5}}).count();————统计集合中 age 大于 5 的文档个数

db.customer.find().sort({age:1}); ————查询集合中所有文档，且以从小到大的升序排序，-1 表示降序，默认为升序

db.customer.find().skip(2).limit(3);————查询集合中的数据，从第3条开始，连续读3条，索引从0开始。

db.customer.find().sort({age:-1}).skip(2).limit(3);——倒序查询集合中的文档，从第3条开始，连续读3条，索引从0开始。

db.customer.find().sort({age:-1}).skip(2).limit(3).count();——虽然有分页条件，但此时 count 统计的大小仍然是 find 的条件

db.customer.find().sort({age:-1}).skip(2).limit(3).count(0);——与上面一条同理

db.customer.find().sort({age:-1}).skip(2).limit(3).count(1);——此时统计的是分页后条件的大小

> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d02"), "name" : "zhangSan0", "age" : 0 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d03"), "name" : "zhangSan1", "age" : 1 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d04"), "name" : "zhangSan2", "age" : 2 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d05"), "name" : "zhangSan3", "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d06"), "name" : "zhangSan4", "age" : 4 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d07"), "name" : "zhangSan5", "age" : 5 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d08"), "name" : "zhangSan6", "age" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d09"), "name" : "zhangSan7", "age" : 7 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0a"), "name" : "zhangSan8", "age" : 8 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0b"), "name" : "zhangSan9", "age" : 9 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0c"), "name" : "zhangSan10", "age" : 10 }
> db.c1.count()
11
> db.c1.find().count()
11
> db.c1.find({}).count()
11
> db.c1.find({age:{$gt:5}}).count()
5
> db.c1.find({age:{$gt:5}}).sort({age:-1})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0c"), "name" : "zhangSan10", "age" : 10 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0b"), "name" : "zhangSan9", "age" : 9 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0a"), "name" : "zhangSan8", "age" : 8 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d09"), "name" : "zhangSan7", "age" : 7 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d08"), "name" : "zhangSan6", "age" : 6 }
> db.c1.find({age:{$gt:5}}).sort({age:1})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d08"), "name" : "zhangSan6", "age" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d09"), "name" : "zhangSan7", "age" : 7 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0a"), "name" : "zhangSan8", "age" : 8 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0b"), "name" : "zhangSan9", "age" : 9 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0c"), "name" : "zhangSan10", "age" : 10 }
> db.c1.find().skip(2).limit(5)
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d04"), "name" : "zhangSan2", "age" : 2 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d05"), "name" : "zhangSan3", "age" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d06"), "name" : "zhangSan4", "age" : 4 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d07"), "name" : "zhangSan5", "age" : 5 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d08"), "name" : "zhangSan6", "age" : 6 }
> db.c1.find().sort({age:-1}).skip(2).limit(5)
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d0a"), "name" : "zhangSan8", "age" : 8 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d09"), "name" : "zhangSan7", "age" : 7 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d08"), "name" : "zhangSan6", "age" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d07"), "name" : "zhangSan5", "age" : 5 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b972a719f148825ca955d06"), "name" : "zhangSan4", "age" : 4 }
> db.c1.find().sort({age:-1}).skip(2).limit(5).count()
11
> db.c1.find().sort({age:-1}).skip(2).limit(5).count(0)
11
> db.c1.find().sort({age:-1}).skip(2).limit(5).count(1)
5
>

查询集合中的文档，$all：主要用来查询数组中的包含关系，查询条件中只要有一个不包含就不返回，如下所示：

db.c1.find({price:{$all:[1,5]}})：price 数组中同时含有元素 "1"、"5" 的是 zhangSan 和 wangWu
db.c1.find({price:{$all:[2,3,4]}})：price 数组中同时含有元素 "2"、"3"、"4" 的是 wangWu

> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a559f148825ca955d0d"), "name" : "zhangSan", "price" : [ 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a699f148825ca955d0e"), "name" : "liSi", "price" : [ 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a7e9f148825ca955d0f"), "name" : "wangWu", "price" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ] }
> db.c1.find({price:{$all:[1,5]}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a559f148825ca955d0d"), "name" : "zhangSan", "price" : [ 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a7e9f148825ca955d0f"), "name" : "wangWu", "price" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ] }
> db.c1.find({price:{$all:[2,3,4]}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a7e9f148825ca955d0f"), "name" : "wangWu", "price" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ] }
>

查询集合中的文档 ,$in：类似于关系型数据库中的 IN，如下所示：
db.c1.find({price:{$in:[2,3,4]}})：查询集合中 price 字段包含有 2、3、4 其中任意一个元素的文档
db.c1.find({price:{$in:[2]}})：查询集合中 price 字段包含有元素 2 的文档

> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a559f148825ca955d0d"), "name" : "zhangSan", "price" : [ 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a699f148825ca955d0e"), "name" : "liSi", "price" : [ 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a7e9f148825ca955d0f"), "name" : "wangWu", "price" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ] }
> db.c1.find({price:{$in:[2,3,4]}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a559f148825ca955d0d"), "name" : "zhangSan", "price" : [ 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a699f148825ca955d0e"), "name" : "liSi", "price" : [ 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a7e9f148825ca955d0f"), "name" : "wangWu", "price" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ] }
> db.c1.find({price:{$in:[2]}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a699f148825ca955d0e"), "name" : "liSi", "price" : [ 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a7e9f148825ca955d0f"), "name" : "wangWu", "price" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ] }
>

查询集合中的文档 ,$nin：与$in相反
db.c1.find({price:{$nin:[4]}})：查询集合中 price 字段包不包含元素 4 的文档

> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a559f148825ca955d0d"), "name" : "zhangSan", "price" : [ 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a699f148825ca955d0e"), "name" : "liSi", "price" : [ 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a7e9f148825ca955d0f"), "name" : "wangWu", "price" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ] }
> db.c1.find({price:{$nin:[4]}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a559f148825ca955d0d"), "name" : "zhangSan", "price" : [ 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 ] }
>

查询集合中的文档 ,$or：相当于关系型数据库中的 OR，表示或者的关系，例如查询 name 为 user2 或者 age 为 3 的文档，命令为：db.customer.find({$or:[{name:”user2”},{age:3}]})
db.c1.find({$or:[{name:"liSi"},{name:"wangWu"}]})：查询 c1 集合中 name 等于 liSi 或者 name 等于 wangWu 等文档。

> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a559f148825ca955d0d"), "name" : "zhangSan", "price" : [ 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a699f148825ca955d0e"), "name" : "liSi", "price" : [ 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a7e9f148825ca955d0f"), "name" : "wangWu", "price" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ] }
> db.c1.find({$or:[{name:"liSi"},{name:"wangWu"}]})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a699f148825ca955d0e"), "name" : "liSi", "price" : [ 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a7e9f148825ca955d0f"), "name" : "wangWu", "price" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ] }
>

查询集合中的文档 ,$nor：表示根据条件过滤掉某些数据，例如查询 name 不是 user2，age 不是 3 的文档，命令为：db.customer.find({$nor:[{name:”user2”},{age:3}]})
db.c1.find({$nor:[{name:"liSi"},{name:"wangWu"}]})：查询 c1 集合中 name 不等于 liSi ，name 不等于 wangWu 的文档。

> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a559f148825ca955d0d"), "name" : "zhangSan", "price" : [ 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a699f148825ca955d0e"), "name" : "liSi", "price" : [ 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a7e9f148825ca955d0f"), "name" : "wangWu", "price" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ] }
> db.c1.find({$nor:[{name:"liSi"},{name:"wangWu"}]})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b973a559f148825ca955d0d"), "name" : "zhangSan", "price" : [ 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 ] }
>

查询集合中的文档 ,$exists：用于查询集合中存在某个键的文档或不存在某个键的文档。

db.c2.find({age:{$exists:1}})————查询 c2 集合中存在 age 字段的文档

$exists:1 表示真，指存在

$exists:0 表示假，指不存在

> db.c2.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757df9f148825ca955d10"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : 27 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757fa9f148825ca955d11"), "name" : "liSi", "desc" : "China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97580b9f148825ca955d12"), "name" : "wangWu", "desc" : "USA" }
> db.c2.find({age:{$exists:1}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757df9f148825ca955d10"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : 27 }
> db.c2.find({age:{$exists:0}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757fa9f148825ca955d11"), "name" : "liSi", "desc" : "China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97580b9f148825ca955d12"), "name" : "wangWu", "desc" : "USA" }
> db.c2.find({desc:{$exists:1}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757fa9f148825ca955d11"), "name" : "liSi", "desc" : "China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97580b9f148825ca955d12"), "name" : "wangWu", "desc" : "USA" }
>

查询集合中的文档，mongodb 中也有游标的概念，类似于关系型数据库，使用方式如下：
var c2Cur = db.c2.find()：获取集合的游标，会存在于内存中，游标变量名称自定义
c2Cur.hasNext()：判断后一个是否还有值，有则返回 true，没有时返回 false
c2Cur.next()：获取后一个的值，当 c2Cur.hasNext() 为 false 时，此时会报错。

> db.c2.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757df9f148825ca955d10"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : 27 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757fa9f148825ca955d11"), "name" : "liSi", "desc" : "China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97580b9f148825ca955d12"), "name" : "wangWu", "desc" : "USA" }
> var c2Cur = db.c2.find()
> c2Cur.hasNext()
true
> c2Cur.next()
{
        "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757df9f148825ca955d10"),
        "name" : "zhangSan",
        "age" : 27
}
> c2Cur.next()
{
        "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757fa9f148825ca955d11"),
        "name" : "liSi",
        "desc" : "China"
}
> c2Cur.next()
{
        "_id" : ObjectId("5b97580b9f148825ca955d12"),
        "name" : "wangWu",
        "desc" : "USA"
}
> c2Cur.hasNext()
false
> c2Cur.next()
2018-09-11T13:59:48.510+0800 E QUERY    [js] Error: error hasNext: false :
DBQuery.prototype.next@src/mongo/shell/query.js:305:1
@(shell):1:1
>

更新集合中文档

更新集合中的文档，语法：db.collection.update(criteria,objNew,upsert,multi)

参数说明：

criteria：用于设置查询条件的对象

objNew：用于设置更新内容的对象

upsert：取值为 0 或 1。1 表示如果 criteria 记录已经存在，则更新它，否则新增一个记录；0 表示如果记录已经存在，则更新它，否则不做处理。默认为 0。

multi：取值为 0 或 1，1 表示如果有多个符合条件的记录，则全部更新；0 表示如果有多个符合条件的记录，则只更新第一条。默认为 0

一般情况下后两个参数分别为0,1 ，即：db.collection.update(criteria,objNew,0,1)

db.c3.update({name:"zhangSan"},{name:"zhangSan123"})：将 name 等于 zhangSan 的文档修改为 name 等于 zhangSan123，注意此时源文档的其它字段如 age 全部被覆盖清除了。
db.c3.update({name:"zhangSan123"},{name:"zhangSan456",age:26})：修改 name 等于 zhangSan123 的文档为 name 等于 zhangSan456，age 等于 26.
就是说这样直接修改时，其实就是覆盖源文档。

> db.c3.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760b79f148825ca955d13"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : 26 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760c39f148825ca955d14"), "name" : "liSi", "age" : 25 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760cb9f148825ca955d15"), "name" : "wangWu", "age" : 26 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760d29f148825ca955d16"), "name" : "zhaoLiu", "age" : 25 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760e59f148825ca955d17"), "name" : "maQi", "age" : 27 }
> db.c3.update({name:"zhangSan"},{name:"zhangSan123"})
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
> db.c3.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760b79f148825ca955d13"), "name" : "zhangSan123" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760c39f148825ca955d14"), "name" : "liSi", "age" : 25 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760cb9f148825ca955d15"), "name" : "wangWu", "age" : 26 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760d29f148825ca955d16"), "name" : "zhaoLiu", "age" : 25 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760e59f148825ca955d17"), "name" : "maQi", "age" : 27 }
> db.c3.update({name:"zhangSan123"},{name:"zhangSan456",age:26})
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
> db.c3.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760b79f148825ca955d13"), "name" : "zhangSan456", "age" : 26 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760c39f148825ca955d14"), "name" : "liSi", "age" : 25 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760cb9f148825ca955d15"), "name" : "wangWu", "age" : 26 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760d29f148825ca955d16"), "name" : "zhaoLiu", "age" : 25 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760e59f148825ca955d17"), "name" : "maQi", "age" : 27 }
>

如下使用 $set ：用来指定一个键的值，如果这个键不存在，则创建它，其余键不会被影响。但是默认只修改匹配的第一条数据。要想修改匹配到的所有文档，则需要设置第四个参数为 1.

> db.c3.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760b79f148825ca955d13"), "name" : "zhangSan_Nice", "age" : 26 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760c39f148825ca955d14"), "name" : "liSi", "age" : 25 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760cb9f148825ca955d15"), "name" : "wangWu", "age" : 26 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760d29f148825ca955d16"), "name" : "zhaoLiu", "age" : 25 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760e59f148825ca955d17"), "name" : "maQi", "age" : 27 }
> db.c3.update({age:26},{$set:{name:"zhangSan_cool"}})
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
> db.c3.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760b79f148825ca955d13"), "name" : "zhangSan_cool", "age" : 26 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760c39f148825ca955d14"), "name" : "liSi", "age" : 25 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760cb9f148825ca955d15"), "name" : "wangWu", "age" : 26 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760d29f148825ca955d16"), "name" : "zhaoLiu", "age" : 25 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9760e59f148825ca955d17"), "name" : "maQi", "age" : 27 }

如下所示，age 等于 27 的文档本文是没有 desc 这个字段的，$set 修改之后就有了

> db.c2.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757df9f148825ca955d10"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : 27 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757fa9f148825ca955d11"), "name" : "liSi", "desc" : "China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97580b9f148825ca955d12"), "name" : "wangWu", "desc" : "USA" }
> db.c2.update({age:27},{$set:{desc:"USA"}})
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
> db.c2.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757df9f148825ca955d10"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : 27, "desc" : "USA" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757fa9f148825ca955d11"), "name" : "liSi", "desc" : "China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97580b9f148825ca955d12"), "name" : "wangWu", "desc" : "USA" }
>

如下所示修改所有 desc 等于 USA 的文档的 age 字段为 66，如果文档不存在 age 字段，则会新建。
这就是第 4 个参数为 1 的效果，如果第四个参数为 0，则只会修改第一个匹配到的文档。

> db.c2.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757df9f148825ca955d10"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : 27, "desc" : "USA" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757fa9f148825ca955d11"), "name" : "liSi", "desc" : "China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97580b9f148825ca955d12"), "name" : "wangWu", "desc" : "USA" }
> db.c2.update({desc:"USA"},{$set:{age:66}},0,1)
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 2, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 2 })
> db.c2.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757df9f148825ca955d10"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : 66, "desc" : "USA" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757fa9f148825ca955d11"), "name" : "liSi", "desc" : "China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97580b9f148825ca955d12"), "name" : "wangWu", "desc" : "USA", "age" : 66 }
>

如下所示，集合中都没有 price 等于 8888.88 的文档，此时如果第三个参数为0，则不会做任何修改，如果第三个参数为 1，则会新增此文档

> db.c2.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757df9f148825ca955d10"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : 66, "desc" : "USA" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757fa9f148825ca955d11"), "name" : "liSi", "desc" : "China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97580b9f148825ca955d12"), "name" : "wangWu", "desc" : "USA", "age" : 66 }
> db.c2.update({price:8888.88},{$set:{age:77}},0,1)
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 0, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 0 })
> db.c2.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757df9f148825ca955d10"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : 66, "desc" : "USA" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757fa9f148825ca955d11"), "name" : "liSi", "desc" : "China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97580b9f148825ca955d12"), "name" : "wangWu", "desc" : "USA", "age" : 66 }
> db.c2.update({price:8888.88},{$set:{age:77}},1,1)
WriteResult({
        "nMatched" : 0,
        "nUpserted" : 1,
        "nModified" : 0,
        "_id" : ObjectId("5b976882c8ed70d9c9af79d2")
})
> db.c2.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757df9f148825ca955d10"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : 66, "desc" : "USA" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757fa9f148825ca955d11"), "name" : "liSi", "desc" : "China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97580b9f148825ca955d12"), "name" : "wangWu", "desc" : "USA", "age" : 66 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b976882c8ed70d9c9af79d2"), "price" : 8888.88, "age" : 77 }
>

更新集合中的文档，使用 $inc 加减指定的字段
db.c2.update({age:77},{$inc:{age:3}},0,1)：将 age 等于 77 的所有文档的 age 字段加上 3
db.c2.update({age:66},{$inc:{age:-3}},0,1)：将 age 等于 66 的所有文档的 age 字段减去 3

> db.c2.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757df9f148825ca955d10"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : 66, "desc" : "USA" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757fa9f148825ca955d11"), "name" : "liSi", "desc" : "China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97580b9f148825ca955d12"), "name" : "wangWu", "desc" : "USA", "age" : 66 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b976882c8ed70d9c9af79d2"), "price" : 8888.88, "age" : 80 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b976907c8ed70d9c9af79d7"), "price" : 9999.99, "age" : 80 }
> db.c2.update({age:80},{$inc:{age:3}},0,1)
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 2, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 2 })
> db.c2.update({age:66},{$inc:{age:-3}},0,1)
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 2, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 2 })
> db.c2.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757df9f148825ca955d10"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : 63, "desc" : "USA" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757fa9f148825ca955d11"), "name" : "liSi", "desc" : "China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97580b9f148825ca955d12"), "name" : "wangWu", "desc" : "USA", "age" : 63 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b976882c8ed70d9c9af79d2"), "price" : 8888.88, "age" : 83 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b976907c8ed70d9c9af79d7"), "price" : 9999.99, "age" : 83 }
>

更新集合中的文档，$unset ：用来删除文档中的某个键，例如删除 name 为 user1 的文档中的 address 键，可以使用命令：db.c1.update({name:”user1”},{$unset:{address:1}},0,1)
db.c2.update({age:63},{$unset:{age:1}},0,1)：删除所有 age 等于 63 的文档中的 age 字段
db.c2.update({name:"liSi"},{$unset:{desc:1}},0,1)：

> db.c2.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757df9f148825ca955d10"), "name" : "zhangSan", "age" : 63, "desc" : "USA" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757fa9f148825ca955d11"), "name" : "liSi", "desc" : "China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97580b9f148825ca955d12"), "name" : "wangWu", "desc" : "USA", "age" : 63 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b976882c8ed70d9c9af79d2"), "price" : 8888.88, "age" : 83 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b976907c8ed70d9c9af79d7"), "price" : 9999.99, "age" : 83 }
> db.c2.update({age:63},{$unset:{age:1}},0,1)
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 2, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 2 })
> db.c2.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757df9f148825ca955d10"), "name" : "zhangSan", "desc" : "USA" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757fa9f148825ca955d11"), "name" : "liSi", "desc" : "China" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97580b9f148825ca955d12"), "name" : "wangWu", "desc" : "USA" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b976882c8ed70d9c9af79d2"), "price" : 8888.88, "age" : 83 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b976907c8ed70d9c9af79d7"), "price" : 9999.99, "age" : 83 }
> db.c2.update({name:"liSi"},{$unset:{desc:1}},0,1)
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
> db.c2.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757df9f148825ca955d10"), "name" : "zhangSan", "desc" : "USA" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b9757fa9f148825ca955d11"), "name" : "liSi" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b97580b9f148825ca955d12"), "name" : "wangWu", "desc" : "USA" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b976882c8ed70d9c9af79d2"), "price" : 8888.88, "age" : 83 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5b976907c8ed70d9c9af79d7"), "price" : 9999.99, "age" : 83 }
>

MongoDB 数据库_集合_文档操作

本文导读

MongoDB 常用操作

数据库与集合操作

文档操作

向集合添加文档

删除集合中文档

查询集合中文档

更新集合中文档

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MongoDB 数据库_集合_文档 操作

本文导读

MongoDB 常用操作

数据库与集合操作

文档操作

向集合添加文档

删除集合中文档

查询集合中文档

更新集合中文档

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MongoDB 数据库_集合_文档操作