一、翻译档制作部分
1、制作po档
(1)
生成template文件
xgettext -k_ -o ui_pref.pot ui.c
pref.pot head.
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#, fuzzy
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msgid ""
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msgstr ""
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"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION/n"
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"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: /n"
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"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-02-18 10:01+0800/n"
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"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE/n"
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"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>/n"
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"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <[email protected]>/n"
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"MIME-Version: 1.0/n"
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET/n"
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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit/n"
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（2）生成lang.po文件
假设编写简体中文的po档，
cp ui_pref.pot zh_CN.po
vi zh_CN.po
将头部的CHARSET 改为 “UTF－8”
头部其余部分按需要改写或让其保持原状。
msgstr中字符串改为msgid对应的翻译。
例如：
zh_CN.po 文件
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#, fuzzy
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msgid ""
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msgstr ""
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"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION/n"
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"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: /n"
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"POT-Creation-Date: 2008-02-18 10:01+0800/n"
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"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-02-18 10:01+0800/n"
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"Last-Translator: joyzhao <[email protected]>/n"
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"Language-Team: chinese/n"
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"MIME-Version: 1.0/n"
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8/n"
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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit/n"
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#: ui.c:152
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msgid "Select backdrop image or list file"
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msgstr "选择背景图片"
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#: ui.c:157
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msgid "All Files"
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msgstr "所有文件"
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...
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2 、生成lang.po 对应的PACKAGE.mo
msgfmt -o PACKAGE.mo lang.po
其中， PACKAGE为应用程序中bindtextdomain绑定的文件名。
3、copy mo文件到指定目录
cp PACKAGE.mo /usr/share/locale/zh_CN/LC_MASSAGES/
二、程序编写部分
（1）不引用glib、gtk的程序
关键代码：
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＃
include <locale.h>
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#include <libintl.h>
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#define _(STRING) gettext(STRING)
#define PACKAGE "test" main () { setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, ""); textdomain(PACKAGE); printf(_("This is English./n")); } |
再生成各locale目录下名为test.mo的翻译档即可。
(2)使用gtk的程序
方法一： 引用 <glib/gi18n.h>
关键代码：
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#include <gtk/gtk.h>
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#include <glib/gi18n.h>
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｛
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gtk_set_locale();
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//bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
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//textdomain (PACKAGE);
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bindtextdomain ("test", "/usr/share/locale");
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textdomain ("test");
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gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
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...
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gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(dialog),
_("hi"));
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...
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｝
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方法二：引用 <glib/gi18n-lib.h>
关键代码：
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#include <gtk/gtk.h>
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#define GETTEXT_PACKAGE "test"
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#include <glib/gi18n-lib.h>
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｛
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gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
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...
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gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(dialog),
_("hi"));
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...
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｝
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上述两种方法是一样的。
第一种中 gi18n.h将为我们引用#include <libintl.h>，同时定义
第一种中 gi18n.h将为我们引用#include <libintl.h>，同时定义
#define _(String) gettext (String)
而第二中方法中gi18n-lib.h必须在我们定义了 GETTEXT_PACKAGE 宏之后才为我们定义
#define _(String) dgettext (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, String)
由于
gtk_init(); -->gtk_init_check() -->gtk_parse_args() -->gettext_initialization ()
gettext_initialization的代码实现：
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static void
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gettext_initialization (void)
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{
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#ifdef ENABLE_NLS
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bindtextdomain (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, GTK_LOCALEDIR);
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bindtextdomain (GETTEXT_PACKAGE "-properties", GTK_LOCALEDIR);
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#
ifdef HAVE_BIND_TEXTDOMAIN_CODESET
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bind_textdomain_codeset (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, "UTF-8");
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bind_textdomain_codeset (GETTEXT_PACKAGE "-properties", "UTF-8");
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#
endif
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#endif
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}
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因此方法二中可以省略方法一中红色高亮的两行代码。
（3）引用xfce libxfce4util库的代码
关键代码：
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#include <gtk/gtk.h>
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#define GETTEXT_PACKAGE "test"
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#include <libxfce4util/libxfce4util.h>
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｛
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gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
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...
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gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(dialog),
_("hi"));
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...
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｝
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其中，
<libxfce4util/libxfce4util.h> 会进一步引用<libxfce4util/xfce-i18n.h>
这个头文件中在定义了 GETTEXT_PACKAGE 之后会引用<glib/gi18n-lib.h>头文件，否则将会使gettext失效。
libxfce4util/xfce-i18n.h内容：
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#if defined(GETTEXT_PACKAGE)
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#include <glib/gi18n-lib.h>
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#else
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#include <glib/gi18n.h>
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#endif
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#if !defined(GETTEXT_PACKAGE)
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#ifdef gettext
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#undef gettext
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#endif
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#ifdef dgettext
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#undef dgettext
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#endif
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#ifdef dcgettext
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#undef dcgettext
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#endif
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#ifdef ngettext
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#undef ngettext
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#endif
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#ifdef dngettext
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#undef dngettext
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#endif
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#ifdef dcngettext
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#undef dcngettext
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#endif
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#define gettext(s)
(s)
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#define dgettext(domain,s)
(s)
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#define dcgettext(domain,s,type)
(s)
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#define ngettext(msgid, msgid_plural, n)
(((n) > 0) ? (msgid) : (msgid_plural))
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#define dngettext(domainname, msgid, msgid_plural, n)
(((n) > 0) ? (msgid) : (msgid_plural))
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#define dcngettext(domainname, msgid, msgid_plural, n, type) (((n) > 0) ? (msgid) : (msgid_plural))
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#endif /* !defined(GETTEXT_PACKAGE) */
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***********************************************************************************
1.最近在最wget的源码,发现它一样支持国际化语言:如
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$
locale
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 //locale为中文
LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$ wget --version
GNU Wget 1.10.2 (Red Hat modified)
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 //locale为中文
LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$ wget --version
GNU Wget 1.10.2 (Red Hat modified)
Copyright (C) 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
此程序发布的目的是希望它会有用，但它不作任何保证；
甚至没有可售性或适用于特定目的的保证。
详情请查看 GNU General Public License。
此程序发布的目的是希望它会有用，但它不作任何保证；
甚至没有可售性或适用于特定目的的保证。
详情请查看 GNU General Public License。
最初由 Hrvoje Niksic <
[email protected]> 编写。//支持中文
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$ export LC_ALL=en.UTF-8 //将locale设为英文
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$ locale //查看locale
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="en.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=en.UTF-8
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$ wget --version
GNU Wget 1.10.2 (Red Hat modified)
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$ export LC_ALL=en.UTF-8 //将locale设为英文
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$ locale //查看locale
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="en.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=en.UTF-8
[xiaodao@myfedora src]$ wget --version
GNU Wget 1.10.2 (Red Hat modified)
Copyright (C) 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
Originally written by Hrvoje Niksic <
[email protected]>. //语言已经是英文了.
2.查看wget目录
2.查看wget目录
[xiaodao@myfedora wget-1.11.1]$
ls
AUTHORS INSTALL NEWS config.log configure.bat mkinstalldirs stamp-h.in
COPYING MAILING-LIST README config.rpath configure.in msdos tests
ChangeLog Makefile autogen.sh config.status doc po util
ChangeLog.README Makefile.bak autom4te.cache config.sub install-sh src windows
DISTFILES Makefile.in config.guess configure m4 stamp-h
其中po目录正是语言文件
AUTHORS INSTALL NEWS config.log configure.bat mkinstalldirs stamp-h.in
COPYING MAILING-LIST README config.rpath configure.in msdos tests
ChangeLog Makefile autogen.sh config.status doc po util
ChangeLog.README Makefile.bak autom4te.cache config.sub install-sh src windows
DISTFILES Makefile.in config.guess configure m4 stamp-h
其中po目录正是语言文件
[xiaodao@myfedora wget-1.11.1]$ ls po
Makefile POTFILES.in cs.po en_GB.po eu.po gl.po id.po nl.po ro.po sr.po vi.po
Makefile.in be.po da.po eo.po fi.po he.po it.po pl.po ru.po sv.po zh_CN.po
Makefile.in.in bg.po de.po es.po fr.po hr.po ja.po pt.po sk.po tr.po zh_TW.po
POTFILES ca.po el.po et.po ga.po hu.po nb.po pt_BR.po sl.po uk.po
其中zh_CN.po就是中文语言文件,并且是文本文件,可以用vim查看
Makefile POTFILES.in cs.po en_GB.po eu.po gl.po id.po nl.po ro.po sr.po vi.po
Makefile.in be.po da.po eo.po fi.po he.po it.po pl.po ru.po sv.po zh_CN.po
Makefile.in.in bg.po de.po es.po fr.po hr.po ja.po pt.po sk.po tr.po zh_TW.po
POTFILES ca.po el.po et.po ga.po hu.po nb.po pt_BR.po sl.po uk.po
其中zh_CN.po就是中文语言文件,并且是文本文件,可以用vim查看
[xiaodao@myfedora po]$
export LC_ALL=zh_CN.UTF-8
[xiaodao@myfedora po]$
vi zh_CN.po
呵呵,是中国人翻译的.那如果我们自己要制作这些文件呢?
3.制作mo文件
[xiaodao@myfedora wget-1.11.1]$
xgettext -k_ -o zh_CN.pot src/*.c //生成pot文件,复制它生成zh_CN.po并编辑它
[xiaodao@myfedora wget-1.11.1]$
cp zh_CN.pot zh_CN.po
将po文件打包成mo文件放在/usr/share/locale/zh_CN/LC_MASSAGES/下
[xiaodao@myfedora wget-1.11.1]$
msgfmt -o wget.mo zh_CN.po //po文件是文本文件用于开发,而mo文件不是文本文件,它才是最终为用户使用
最后复制到/usr/share/locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES/
[xiaodao@myfedora wget-1.11.1]$
cp wget.mo usr/share/locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES/